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Biomedical subjects

T Kurashige

Publications and source records attributed to T Kurashige.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Changes in Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase gene during induced erythroid and myeloid differentiation.

We investigated the alteration of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase during erythroid and myeloid differentiation in order to elucidate its physiological significance in different types of cells. We measured enzyme activity and mRNA levels of superoxide dismutase in the process of differentiation to erythroid cells or myeloid cells. When human leukemia K562 cells are incubated in the presence of 80 microM hemin, benzidine-positive cells appear on day 1 and 80% of the cells become positive on day 5. During hemin-induced erythroid differentiation, Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase activity increases 3.5-fold of the initial value and mRNA for Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase increases prior to the activity to the same extent. On the other hand, when human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells are incubated in the presence of 1.3% dimethyl sulfoxide, nitroblue tetrazolium-positive cells reach approximately 90% on day 5. During dimethyl sulfoxide-induced myeloid differentiation, the activity of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase decreases below 15% of the initial value on day 5 and mRNA for Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase decreases as well. The results indicate that the synthesis of superoxide dismutase is linked with either the erythroid or myeloid differentiation program.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1990

Ribosome-lamella complexes observed in an Epstein-Barr virus-producing B-cell line, infected with human T-lymphotropic virus type I.

Co-cultivation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, from a 4-year-old boy with infectious mononucleosis, with a human T lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I)-producing T-cell line resulted in the establishment of an HTLV-I infected Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-producing B-cell line. Ultrastructural examination revealed the presence of ribosome-lamella complexes (RLCs), in a small proportion of long-term cultured cells. Evidence is presented of continuity between RLC and the rough endoplasmic reticulum, and in some instances there was also an intimate relationship with tubuloreticular structures. The findings support the view that RLC is derived from the rough endoplasmic reticulum and also provide further evidence of the non-specific nature of RLC in relation to cell type.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1990

[Effects of immunosuppressive chemotherapy on serum levels of IgG subclasses--analysis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and in children with aplastic anemia and autoimmune diseases receiving corticosteroid hormone].

Serum levels of IgG subclasses were analysed in 15 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) receiving maintenance chemotherapy and 10 children with aplastic anemia and autoimmune diseases receiving prednisolone therapy longer than 2 months (Steroid group). The results were as follows. Serum levels of IgG1 in ALL were significantly (p less than 0.05) lower than age matched normal controls, while the IgG1 levels in the Steroid group were as high as in normal controls. Serum levels of IgG2 in ALL and the Steroid group were significantly (p less than 0.005, p less than 0.02) lower than in normal controls. Serum levels of IgG3 in ALL and the Steroid group were as high as in normal controls. Serum levels of IgG4 in ALL and the Steroid group were significantly (p less than 0.005, p less than 0.05) lower than in normal controls. IgG2 and IgG4 should be more susceptible to suppression by immunosuppressive chemotherapy than IgG1, and IgG3 would hardly suppressed by immunosuppressive chemotherapy.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1990

[Microdensitometric study of maturation and fragility of the bone in male patients with cerebral palsy--the effect of long-term administration of 1 alpha-hydroxy vitamin D3 and the value of osteocalcin as a marker of bony growth].

1) We studied bony maturation and fragility in 48 male patients (4-28 years old) with cerebral palsy. They were divided into three groups; group A (drug free, mild motor handicapped), 10 cases, group B (anticonvulsants administrated, mild motor handicapped), 20 cases, group C (anticonvulsants administrated, severe motor handicapped) 18 cases. The indicator of bone mineral content (sigma GS/D) and metacarpal index (MCI) were analyzed by microdensitometric method. A positive correlation between age and sigma GS/D was detected in all groups but a positive correlation between age and MCI was found only in the group B. There was little difference in sigma GS/D and MIC between group A and group B, but those of group C were significantly decreased. These results suggest that increase of bone mineral is related with aging but metacarpal growth is variable, and a lack of daily activity has greater adverse effect on bony metabolism than administration of anticonvulsants. 2) The alterative rates of sigma GS/D (delta sigma GS/D/sigma GS/D/year) and MCI (delta MCI/MCI/year) after 1 alpha-hydroxy vitamin D3 (D3) treatment for 3 years or more were examined in 17 patients with bony atrophy, as compared with normal controls. The alterative rates of sigma GS/D and MCI were elevated in younger patients with D3 treatment but those were decreased in adult patients. Treatment with D3 remarkably increased bony growth in children. 3) In 37 patients, osteocalcin (OC) was measured by radioimmunoassay. OC was elevated in younger patients who were treated with D3.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical efficacy and safety of norfloxacin tablets in pediatrics].

We have evaluated norfloxacin (NFLX) tablets for therapeutic effectiveness and safety in children. The results are summarized as follows. 1. A clinical study was performed on 14 children with infections, including 12 with urinary tract infections and 2 with acute bronchitis. Doses ranging from 1.7 to 5.4 mg/kg body weight were given b.i.d. or t.i.d.. Lengths of treatment ranged from 3 to 15 days. The therapeutic responses were considered "excellent" in 8 and "good" in 5, with an efficacy rate of 93%. 2. Side effects were observed in 2 cases, one with light-headed feeling and one with vomiting. In clinical laboratory tests, eosinophilia was found in 2 cases and GOT was slightly elevated in 1 case. It has been concluded that NFLX is a usable drug for the treatment of bacterial infections in children.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Defective immune response to Epstein-Barr virus in patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia.

Thirteen children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) receiving maintenance chemotherapy were tested for anti-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antibodies, EBV specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (EBV-CTL) activity and spontaneous cytotoxicity against Raji cells in order to define the defective cellular immunity in ALL children during complete remission. Among 10 seropositive patients, anti-virus capsid antigen (VCA) antibody titer varied from 1:20 to 1:320 and anti-EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA) antibody was not detectable in four. No patients were positive for anti-early antigen (EA) antibody. EBV-CTL activity and interleukin 2 (IL-2) or interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) augmented EBV-CTL activity in eight seropositive patients was significantly lower than that in the seropositive age matched control group. IFN-alpha, OK-432 or IL-2 augmented spontaneous cytotoxicity were also significantly lower in the patients compared to those in the control group. These defective killer cell activities may allow EBV-infections to enter a severe, fulminant or persistently active state in the patients with ALL receiving aggressive maintenance chemotherapy.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1989

Effects of booster HB vaccine in preventing hepatitis B virus infection from mother to child.

Hepatitis B immune serum 200 IU was injected intramuscularly to 127 infants born to hepatitis B e antigen positive mothers immediately after birth and at two months of age, and if necessary at four months. HB adjuvant vaccine 20 micrograms was injected subcutaneously at three, four, and six months. If antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen were 2(2) or less, one to four doses of booster vaccine 20 micrograms were given. The first booster vaccination was given in 8.7% of cases by the age of one year, in 19.3% by 18 months, in 23.9% by 24 months, and in 36.2% by 30 months; thus 2-to-3-year-old infants were more frequently vaccinated than younger ones. This implies that 80%-90% of infants could be protected from vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) up to the age of three years, if a booster vaccine was given to those born to HBeAg positive mothers not later than 24 months. Infants obtained enough antibody to prevent HBV infection by receiving one booster vaccination in 34 cases, by two in nine, by three in five, and by four in two.

Carrier State↗
PubMed1989

Elevated IgA antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus in children with chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection.

Anti-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antibodies were tested in 11 children with chronic active EBV infection. Anti-virus capsid antigen (VCA)-IgG antibody titers ranged from 1:640 to 1:10,240. Anti-VCA-IgM antibody was consistently positive in 5 of the 11 patients; anti-VCA-IgA antibody was consistently positive in 6 of the 10 patients; anti-early antigen (EA)-IgG antibody was consistently positive in 10 of the 11 patients and anti-EA-IgA antibody was consistently positive in 4 out of the 7 patients. Anti-EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA) antibody was not detected in two patients. Consistently positive anti-VCA-IgA- and anti-EA-IgA- antibody may be a characteristic feature of abnormal antibody responses in severe chronic active EBV-infection in childhood.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical efficacy of clarithromycin in the field of pediatrics].

A new macrolide antibiotic, clarithromycin (TE-031, A-56268), was studied for its clinical efficacy in the field of pediatrics. Patients treated were infants and children ranging from 2 months to 11 years old suffering from acute bronchitis in 5 cases, acute tonsillitis in 2 cases, Mycoplasma pneumonia in 2 cases, pertussis in 6 cases, scarlatina in 1 case and acute enteritis in 2 cases, a total of 18 cases. TE-031 was administered 19.7-43.5 mg/kg in daily doses and lengths of treatment ranged from 4 to 19 days. As regards to its clinical efficacy, good or excellent results were obtained in all cases: excellent in 11 cases and good in 7 cases. No clinical side effects nor abnormal laboratory test values obviously attributable to TE-031 were observed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Pituitary reserve of growth hormone in adolescent patients with cerebral palsy and mental retardation].

The pituitary reserve of growth hormone (GH) was studied in 11 severely handicapped boys (14 approximately 18 years old) with mental retardation and cerebral palsy (CP); athetotic type 4 cases, and spastic type 7 cases. Serum GH was determined before and after intravenous injection of 1 ng/kg growth hormone releasing factor (GRF) or oral administration of 0.1 mg/m2 clonidine. The athetotic type patients showed low somatomedin C (Sm C) concentrations (0.31 +/- 0.11 U/ml), poor responses to clonidine, and good responses to GRF. The spastic type patients showed subnormal responses to GRF although their Sm C was normal (0.91 +/- 0.43 U/ml). Clinically, the stature was small, and the puberty was delayed in the former. The levels of plasma testosterone were significantly lower than those in the latter. It is concluded that athetotic type CP was associated with hypothalamic GRF deficiency and spastic type CP was associated with reduced pituitary reserve of GH.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical efficacy of sulbactam/ampicillin in the field of pediatrics].

Sulbactam (SBT) is a new derivative of the basic penicillin nucleus. It effectively and irreversibly inhibits several important bacterial beta-lactamases and displays synergistic effects against the resistant organisms when co-administered with ampicillin (ABPC). SBT/ABPC, which is a fixed combination of SBT and ABPC in a 1:2 ratio, was studied for clinical efficacy in the field of pediatrics. Patients treated were infants and children ranging from 12 days to 13 years and 2 months old suffering from acute tonsillitis in 2 cases, acute bronchitis in 2 cases, septicemia in 2 cases, acute enteritis, acute pyelonephritis and osteomyelitis in 1 case each, a total of 9 cases. SBT/ABPC was administered 100-300 mg/kg in daily doses and durations of treatment ranged from 4 to 17 days. Clinical results were "excellent" in 6 and "good" in 2: the efficacy rate was 88.9% or 8 cases out of 9. Neither clinical side effects nor abnormal laboratory findings obviously attributable to SBT/ABPC were observed in any cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Immunological studies on chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection in children--low spontaneous cytotoxicity and lymphokine augmented spontaneous cytotoxicity against Raji cells].

Spontaneous cytotoxicity and lymphokine augmented spontaneous cytotoxicity against Raji cells were tested in 7 patients with chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection in childhood. The results were as follows: Spontaneous cytotoxicity, tested by 4 hr assay, was 6.6 +/- 5.1% (mean +/- SD) in the patients and 13.9 +/- 9.6% in the controls, and the differences were statistically significant. Spontaneous cytotoxicity, tested by 18 hr assay, in the patients was as high as in controls. Recombinant interferon alpha and OK-432 augmented spontaneous cytotoxicity, tested by 4 hr assay, were 9.4 +/- 6.1% and 9.9 +/- 5.4% in the patients, and 21.0 +/- 10.9% and 24.2 +/- 13.3% in the controls, and the differences were statistically significant. Recombinant interferon alpha and OK-432 augmented spontaneous cytotoxicity, tested by 18 hr assay, were as high in the patients as in controls. Recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL-2) augmented spontaneous cytotoxicity, tested by 4 hr assay, was 14.1 +/- 6.8% in the patients and 28.9 +/- 13.7% in the controls, and the differences were statistically significant. Though differences were not significant, rIL-2 augmented spontaneous cytotoxicity, tested by 18 hr assay, was lower in the patients than in controls. The grade of augmentation of spontaneous cytotoxicity by lymphokines, tested by 4 hr assay, was also low in the patients, but no differences were observed except in the case of rIL-2 when spontaneous cytotoxicity was tested by 18 hr assay. These results suggest that a longer incubation time was required in lytic kinetics of spontaneous cytotoxicity and lymphokine augmented spontaneous cytotoxicity in the patients with chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection.

Child↗
PubMed1989

[Allergological study of breast feeding, ovalbumin and specific IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies to ovalbumin in human milk].

Ovalbumin (OA) and specific antibodies to OA were evaluated by ELISA in 92 colostrum, 366 mature milk and 12 cord blood samples. Anti-OA IgG antibody titers in colostrum were lower than those in cord blood and were not detectable in several samples. Anti-OA IgM antibody titers in colostrum were comparatively high and decreased on the days following postpartum. Anti-OA IgA antibody titers were the highest in the colostrum and decreased on the following days, but remained constant in mature milk. On the other hand, OA was detected in 27.2% of colostrum and 17.2% of mature milk samples, in concentrations from 0.5-59.0 ng/ml. In mature milk, the positive rates of OA were significantly elevated by egg ingestion by the mothers. OA in mature milk from allergic mothers tended to be more readily detectable than that from non-allergic mothers. These results suggest that avoidance of the specific food antigens by mothers is important for therapy and prevention on allergic disease in their breast-fed infants.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1988

An unusual case of solid hamartoma in the liver.

An unusual case of solid hepatic hamartoma, which could not be correctly categorized under the WHO classification, is reported. The well defined, solid nodular lesion, arising in the anterior edge of the left hepatic lobe, was found in a 15-month-old female infant. The lesion was composed of irregularly shaped yellow islands of parenchyma and white-gray nodules of fibrous stroma of various sizes, which were intermingled revealing a mosaic pattern. Prominent bile ductal proliferation was observed histologically in the fibrous stroma, associated in parts with dense or loose periductal bundles and vascular proliferation. The stromal proliferation seemed to result in erosion of the islands of differentiated parenchymal cells with no regeneration. Alpha-fetoprotein was demonstrated immunohistologically in the parenchymal cells of the lesion. From these findings, the essential component of this solid hamartoma was thought to be markedly proliferating bile ducts associated with periductal fibrosis, resulting in a fibroadenomatous pattern.

Bile Ducts↗
PubMed1988

Congenital alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma with multiple skin metastases. Report of a case.

A rare case of congenital alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma revealing multiple skin metastases in a female neonate is reported. At birth, a ping-pong ball-sized tumor on the neck and a tumor the size of a little finger end on the chin were noticed. Then, multiple skin tumors over the whole body occurred soon after birth. A biopsied small skin tumor was at first interpreted as being compatible with metastatic congenital neuroblastoma. However, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic findings revealed positive immunoreactivity for myoglobin in a few tumor cells and the presence of a few rhabdomyoblasts among poorly differentiated tumor cells, resulting in a final diagnosis of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Therefore, it should be emphasized that in cases of round cell tumor, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies are imperative in order to identify the tumor and differentiate it from other forms, including rhabdomyoblastoma, neuroblastoma, Ewing's sarcoma, malignant lymphoma, and small cell carcinoma.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1988

Defective killer cell activity in patients with chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection.

Natural killer (NK) cell activity, lymphokine activated killer (LAK) activity and Epstein-Barr virus specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (EBV-CTL) activity were examined in 10 children with chronic active EB-virus infection and an adult with persistently positive early antigen-antibody to EB-virus. NK cell activity against erythroleukemia cell line K-562 was significantly (p less than 0.005) lower in the patients (22.3 +/- 8.5%, mean +/- SD) than in normal controls (40.4 +/- 15.9%). Spontaneous cytotoxicity against an EB-virus transformed autologous lymphoblastoid cell line was 15.0 +/- 7.6% in the patients, and was comparable to spontaneous cytotoxicity activity in normal controls (11.7 +/- 4.3%). LAK activity against Raji cells was significantly (p less than 0.02) lower in the patients (14.6 +/- 11.4%) than in normal controls (29.2 +/- 15.9%). EBV-CTL activity against an EB-virus transformed autologous lymphoblastoid cell line was significantly (p less than 0.005) lower in the patients (11.8 +/- 5.5%) than in seropositive normal controls (33.7 +/- 14.7%). No regression of the lymphoblastoid cell line was observed when EBV-CTL activity of the patients was tested by regression assay. It is conceivable that defects in both EB-virus specific and nonspecific killer cell activities play important roles in the pathogenetic abnormalities which allow EB-virus infection to progress to a chronic active state.

Cell Line, Transformed↗