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Biomedical subjects

T Kumazaki

Publications and source records attributed to T Kumazaki.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Suppressed expression of blood group B antigen and blood group galactosyltransferase in a preleukemic subject.

The B antigen activity was severely diminished in a patient's RBCs at the preleukemic stage prior to chemo- or radiotherapy. The amount of H sites of the patient's RBC membranes was found to be comparable to that of O RBC membranes. The activity of alpha (1----2) fucosyltransferase (H enzyme) was not severely decreased in the patient's plasma and bone marrow. However, the activity of alpha (1----3) galactosyltransferase (B enzyme), which converts H substance to B substance, was drastically reduced in the patient's bone marrow. Thus, the diminished B antigen in the patient's RBCs was caused mainly by the blockage of conversion of the H substance to B substance. It is suggested that the viral oncogene linked to the ABO locus at q34 of chromosome No. 9 would occasionally suppress the expression of blood group A and B enzymes and A and B antigens.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1985

[Diagnostic imagings of mediastinal mass].

Conventional postero anterior and lateral chest radiographs constitute the first examination of the mediastinum. A well-penetrating radiograph of 130KV or more is needed to optimally, demonstrate the lung-mediastinal borders as well as air-containing structures in the central thorax. Many mediastinal lesions that are obscure on conventional films are clearly demonstrated by CT, which clearly separates structures in the axial plane. The extent and localization of tumor can be more easily determined by CT than by other techniques. Conventional chest tomography has been popular in the past, but with the advent of CT scanning, this procedure has little in evaluating a mediastinal mass if CT is available. Nuclear scan using gallium 67 is fairly accurate in identifying inflammatory lesions and malignant tumors, but with the advent of CT such studies have little if any use in the mediastinum. The list of CT indications conforms somewhat to the report published by the Society of Computed Body Tomography, with some modifications. CT examination of the mediastinum has become one of the most useful complementary modalities in the diagnostic field and often not only is it complementary, but it may be an alternative to other X-ray studies, isotope scanning, or mediastinoscopy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Evolution of multicellular animals as deduced from 5S rRNA sequences: a possible early emergence of the Mesozoa.

The nucleotide sequences of 5S rRNA from a mesozoan Dicyema misakiense and three metazoan species, i.e., an acorn-worm Saccoglossus kowalevskii, a moss-animal Bugula neritina, and an octopus Octopus vulgaris have been determined. A phylogenic tree of multicellular animals has been constructed from 73 5S rRNA sequences available at present including those from the above four sequences. The tree suggests that the mesozoan is the most ancient multicellular animal identified so far, its emergence time being almost the same as that of flagellated or ciliated protozoans. The branching points of planarians and nematodes are a little later than that of the mesozoan but are clearly earlier than other metazoan groups including sponges and jellyfishes. Many metazoan groups seem to have diverged within a relatively short period.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Biochemical evidence that secretor gene, Se, is a structural gene encoding a specific fucosyltransferase.

Nonsecretors have no ABH blood group substances in their saliva and milk, but their erythrocytes contain the blood group substances. It has been generally believed that the secretor gene, Se, is a regulatory gene, not a structural gene, controlling the expression of (alpha 1----2)fucosyltransferase, which synthesizes the blood group H substance from its precursor, in secretions. To account for the existence of the blood type of "para Bombay" phenotype--i.e., H-negative in erythrocytes but H-positive in secretory fluids, another regulatory gene, Z, which would regulate the expression of the enzyme in the hematopoietic tissues, has been proposed. Contrary to this, a more simple model, in which the H gene and Se gene are both structural genes, encoding two separate fucosyltransferases in different tissues, was recently proposed. To settle the controversy, (alpha 1----2)fucosyltransferases were partially purified from human plasma and milk. The two enzymes differed from each other in the following respects: (i) the milk enzyme adsorbed to SP-Sephadex at pH 6.0, while the plasma enzyme did not; (ii) pH-activity profiles, with phenyl beta-D-galactoside as an acceptor, differed between the two enzymes; (iii) the milk enzyme exhibited lower thermal stability than the plasma enzyme; and (iv) Km values for several oligosaccharides with Gal(beta 1----3)GlcNAc and Gal(beta 1----4)GlcNAc as acceptors differed between the two enzymes. These results support the model that the Se gene is a structural gene encoding a distinctive (alpha 1----2)fucosyltransferase, refuting the classical regulatory gene model for the Se locus. The anomeric configuration of the fucosylated galactose residue produced by the action of enzyme was identified, thus establishing the specificity of the enzyme.

Female↗
PubMed1984

Bronchial and intercostal angiography with ioxaglate and diatrizoate in man. A comparative investigation.

A low osmolality contrast medium, ioxaglate, was compared with diatrizoate of high osmolality in selective bronchial and intercostal angiography. The frequency and degree of pain, heat sensation, cough and involuntary movement were significantly lower with ioxaglate. In addition haemodynamics recorded in 17 cases of bronchial angiography revealed that ioxaglate induced significantly less effect on systemic blood pressure and heart rate.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

The nucleotide sequences of 5S rRNAs from two ribbon worms: Emplectonema gracile contains two 5S rRNA species differing considerably in their sequences.

The nucleotide sequences of 5S rRNAs from two nemerteans (ribbon worms), Lineus geniculatus and Emplectonema gracile have been determined. Emplectonema has two 5S rRNA species that are composed of 119 and 120 nucleotides, respectively. The sequences of these two 5S rRNAs differ at 22 positions. On the other hand, only a single 5S rRNA species was found in Lineus. The sequence similarity percents are 88% (Lineus/Emplectonema longer 5S rRNA), 82% (Emplectonema longer/Emplectonema shorter) and 80% (Lineus/Emplectonema shorter). The comparisons of these sequences with those of other organisms suggest that the phylum Nemertinea is most related to the Mollusca (91%) and the Rotifera (89%), but not to fresh-water planarias (72%).

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The nucleotide sequences of 5S rRNAs from two Annelida species, Perinereis brevicirris and Sabellastarte japonica, and an Echiura species, Urechis unicinctus.

The nucleotide sequences of 5S rRNAs from two Annelida species, Perinereis brevicirris and Sabellastarte japonica, and an Echiura species, Urechis unicinctus have been determined. Their sequences are all 120 nucleotides long. The sequence similarity percents are 88% (Perinereis/Sabellastarte), 90% (Sabellastarte/Urechis) and 92% (Perinereis/Urechis), indicating that the Echiura is indistinguishable from the Annelida by their 5S rRNAs. The 5S rRNA sequences from the Annelida/Echiura are most related to those from the Nemertinea (87%), the Mollusca (87%) and the Rotifera (88%).

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Phylogeny of protozoa deduced from 5S rRNA sequences.

The nucleotide sequences of 5S rRNAs from three protozoa, Bresslaua vorax, Euplotes woodruffi and Chlamydomonas sp. have been determined and aligned together with the sequences of 12 protozoa species including unicellular green algae already reported by the authors and others. Using this alignment, a phylogenic tree of the 15 species of protozoa has been constructed. The tree suggests that the ancestor for protozoa evolved at an early time of eukaryotic evolution giving two major groups of organisms. One group, which shares a common ancestor with vascular plants, contains a unicellular green flagellate (Chlamydomonas) and unicellular green algae. The other group, which shares a common ancestor with the multicellular animals, includes various flagellated protozoa (including Euglena), ciliated protozoa and slime molds. Most of these protozoa appear to have separated from one another at a fairly early period of eukaryotic evolution.

Animals↗