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Biomedical subjects

T Kuda

Publications and source records attributed to T Kuda.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Epidural anesthesia with buprenorphine for chest surgery and its prophylactic effects of postoperative pulmonary complications].

To clarify the prophylactic effect of epidural anesthesia with buprenorphine on postoperative pulmonary complications, the incidence of pulmonary complications after chest surgery was evaluated in 2 groups: the group that underwent epidural anesthesia, namely the test group, and the control group. Pulmonary complications were classified as follows: mild complications, sustained wheezing and/or small atelectasis-like shadows seen on chest x-rays. These improved by conventional methods except for bronchial toilet. Moderate complications included pneumonia and/or respiratory failure and/or atelectasis which needed bronchial toilet. There were 56 cases (58%) with no pulmonary complications in the control group and 89 cases (77%) in the test group. The number of patients with pulmonary complications were 40 (42%) in the control group and 27 (23%) in the test group, respectively (p less than 0.01). Those with mild or moderate complications were 25 (26%), 15 (16%) in the control group and 21 (18%), 6 (5%) in the test group, respectively. There was significant difference between no complication group and moderate complication group (p less than 0.01). These results show that epidural anesthesia is useful in preventing pulmonary complications after chest surgery.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1990

Long-term survival after brain metastases from tracheal carcinoma.

A case of prolonged survival after radiotherapy for primary tracheal squamous cell carcinoma and the subsequent brain metastases is reported. The patient is alive and well without any sign of relapse, approximately six years after the onset of brain metastases from tracheal carcinoma. Radiotherapy proved useful in the treatment of both the primary tracheal carcinoma and the brain metastases.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Multimodality therapy for small cell carcinoma of the lung--the role of surgical treatment.

Reviewing the outcome of 70 cases of clinically localized small cell lung cancer (SCLC) treated with combined modality treatment, we attempted to define the role of resection in this disease. The survival rate for all cases was 37 per cent at 2 years and 23 per cent at 3 years with a median survival time (MST) of 14 months. For 25 resected cases the overall 5-year survival rate was 37 per cent with an MST of 26 months. According to clinical staging, 5-year survival was 64 per cent for stage I and 20 per cent for stage II. However, none of the stage III cases achieved long-term survival, of over 3 years. In 45 non-resected cases, the overall response rate was 84 per cent with a 44 per cent complete response. The overall survival rate was 27 per cent at 2 years and 14 per cent at 3 years with an MST of 11 months. The 20 cases who achieved complete response had an MST of 26 months with 51 per cent alive at 2 years and 19 per cent at 5 years. Thus, we consider that lung resection is definitely indicated in cases with stage I and probably stage II SCLC. For stage III, however, particularly in cases with N2 disease, resection seems to offer no special benefit in favor of survival compared to combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Phorbol myristate acetate modulates calcium ion-dependent superoxide anion generation induced by a monoclonal antibody raised against polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

We used a monoclonal antibody, YI 51, raised against human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) to induce superoxide anion (O2-) generation in cells. Although YI 51 alone played only a small part in inducing O2- generation in PMN, the amount of O2- generation induced in 5 X 10(5) PMN was 3.7 to 5.5 nmol/min when F(ab')2 fragments of rabbit anti-mouse immunoglobulin antibody were added as a cross-linking agent. This O2- -inducing activity was high compared with that of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), insoluble immunoglobulin G immune complexes (IC), or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). The binding of YI 51 and soluble immunoglobulin G IC to PMN was not reciprocally inhibitory, indicating that YI 51 does not interfere with ligand binding to the Fc receptor-binding site. In the absence of calcium ion (Ca2+), O2- generation induced by YI 51 decreased to 10 to 20% of that in the presence of Ca2+. In contrast, O2- generation in response to WGA, IC, or PMA under Ca2+-free conditions was not affected. When PMN were pretreated with low concentrations of PMA (10(-10) to 10(-9) M), the amount of O2- generation by the cells in response to YI 51 in Ca2+-free buffer was enhanced in a concentration-dependent manner. It also equaled the O2- generated by the cells in buffer containing Ca2+. In cells pretreated with PMA, the amount of O2- induced by WGA was enhanced two- to threefold over that in untreated cells. In contrast, there was no augmentation over untreated cells with stimulation by IC. These results suggest that YI 51, IC, and WGA induce O2- generation in human PMN in different manners.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of smoking on pulmonary function among patients with pneumoconiosis].

To clarify the effect of cigarette smoking on pulmonary function among patients with pneumoconiosis, we studied the relationship between the smoking index (number of cigarettes smoked per day X number of years of continued smoking) and lung function tests. The value of V25/Ht was significantly decreased with an increase of the smoking index, but there were no difference between %VC, FEV1.0%, AaDO2 and smoking index. Moreover, there was no relationship between pulmonary function and duration of dust exposure. These results show that antismoking campaigns are important among workers in a dusty work environment.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Induction of lymphokine-activated killer cells by intrapleural instillations of recombinant interleukin-2 in patients with malignant pleurisy due to lung cancer.

Intrapleural instillations of recombinant interleukin 2 (RIL-2) were performed in 11 patients with malignant pleurisy due to lung cancer. Kinetic studies on RIL-2 concentration in the pleural effusion and serum revealed relatively long-term maintenance of detectable levels of RIL-2 (over 24 h in the pleural effusion and over 8 h in the serum). Clinically, pleural effusions and cancer cells in the effusions disappeared in 9 of the 11 patients 4 to 10 days after the start of the treatment. Lymphokine-activated killer cells were induced in the effusions of responders who exhibited the disappearance of pleural effusion and cancer cells from the effusion, but not in those of the nonresponders. This induction of lymphokine-activated killer cells may result in the disappearance of cancer cells and pleural effusions. Cytological examination of pleural effusions revealed increases of lymphoblasts, immunoblastic large lymphocytes, and eosinophiles in number and proportion in the responder, although such a phenomenon could not be observed in the nonresponders. Main and frequent side effects of intrapleural instillations of RIL-2 were fever up to 39 degrees C, transient increase of pleural effusion, and eosinophilia. No serious side effect was encountered in our experience.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Role of antitumor activity of alveolar macrophages in lung cancer patients.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the significance of antitumor activity of alveolar macrophages (AM) in lung cancer patients. AM from tumor-bearing and non-tumor-bearing segments were obtained separately by the lavage of bronchoalveolar tracts of resected lungs of 74 patients with primary lung cancer. Cytostatic activity (CTS) of AM obtained from non-tumor-bearing segments was stable in spite of enlargement of tumor size or progression of N factor. In contrast, CTS of AM obtained from tumor-bearing segments may be augmented at Stage II as compared with Stage I, and suppressed with an advance of stage from II through IV, although the number of Stage II patients was as small as three. Moreover, CTS of AM from tumor-bearing segments was suppressed in N2 as compared with N0 or N1, and also it was suppressed as compared with that of AM from non-tumor-bearing segments in N2 disease. CTS of AM from smokers was suppressed as compared with that of nonsmokers in both tumor-bearing and non-tumor-bearing segments. These results suggest that lung cancer cells or their products may suppress antitumor activity of AM in the tumor-bearing segments at advanced stages, and cigarette smoking is a suppressive factor on antitumor activity of AM.

Cytotoxicity, Immunologic↗