Biomedical subjects

T Kozuka

Publications and source records attributed to T Kozuka.

474 records · Page 27Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia: evolution of chest radiograms and CT features.

OBJECTIVE: Our object is to describe and compare the findings on plain chest radiographs and CT scans in patients with chronic eosinophilic pneumonia of varying duration, as judged by their clinical history. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the initial chest radiographs and initial CT scans that were obtained before treatment with corticosteroid in 17 patients with pathologically proven or clinically diagnosed chronic eosinophilic pneumonia. RESULTS: Eleven of the 17 patients showed predominantly peripheral patchy or confluent consolidation with or without ground-glass opacities on chest radiography. Sixteen patients, on the other hand, showed various types of abnormalities with peripheral predominance on CT. The seven patients in whom the initial CT was performed within 1 month after the onset of symptoms had dense confluent consolidation (7/7) with or without ground-glass opacities. When the initial CT was performed 1-2 months after onset of symptoms, inhomogeneous patchy consolidation or nodules (5/7) or ground-glass opacities (2/7) were observed. When the initial CT was performed > 2 months after the onset of symptoms, streaky or band-like opacities (1/3) or lobar atelectasis (1/3) was seen. CONCLUSION: Patients with chronic eosinophilic pneumonia show an evolution of CT features at varying time intervals after the onset of disease.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

High-dose rate intracavitary therapy for cervical cancer with a microSelectron: a preliminary report.

Our early experience using microSelectron HDR to treat cervical cancer patients at Osaka University Hospital is presented. From June 1991 through December 1992, a total of 20 patients (stage Ib, 6; stage IIa, 2; stage IIb, 5; stage IIIb, 6 and stage IVa, 1) with previously untreated invasive uterine cervical cancer and intact uterus were treated with high-dose rate intracavitary therapy administered with a microSelectron. For the treatment, a standard rigid applicator made of stainless steel for a microSelectron was used. Twenty to 30 Gy of external irradiation was administered to the whole pelvic field and 30 to 20 Gy to the central shielded field (total 50 Gy/5-6 weeks) for patients in stage II-IVa. For stage Ib, 40 Gy was delivered to the central shielded field. The 192Ir source had an activity of 370 GBq as of the measuring time. Source loading corresponded to the Manchester System for cervical cancer. Thirty-two or 30 Gy was administered at point A in four fractions over four weeks of intracavitary irradiation. Early primary tumor responses for all patients were complete. There have been two local recurrences in stage IIb and IIIb patients. Three patients in stages Ib, IIb, and IIIb developed para-aortic lymph node metastases, and two of them died from generalized metastasis. No acute radiation injury has been observed. One patient in stage IIb developed subileus five months after irradiation. From our early experience, it is concluded that microSelectron HDR can be used for cervical cancer patients as safely and effectively as our previously used high-dose rate machine.

Brachytherapy↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Mid-dose rate intracavitary therapy for cervical cancer with a Selectron: a preliminary report.

Our early experience with Selectron MDR in treating cervical cancer patients at Osaka University Hospital is presented. From May 1991 through December 1992, a total of 22 patients (stage Ia, 1; stage Ib, 3; stage IIa, 1; stage IIb, 2; stage IIIb, 13 and stage IVa, 2) with previously untreated uterine cervical cancer and intact uterus were treated with mid-dose rate intracavitary therapy administered with a Selectron. A rigid applicator made of stainless steel for the Selectron was used for the treatment. The 137Cs source had an activity of 1.48 GBq as of reference time. Source loading corresponded to the Manchester System. Early tumor responses for all patients were complete. No acute radiation injury has been observed. There have been two local recurrences in stage IIIb patients. One of them developed para-aortic lymph node metastasis and died from distant metastasis. Another patient in stage IIIb had para-aortic and left supraclavicular lymph node metastasis and died from distant metastasis. Four patients developed rectal bleeding (grade 1, 3; grade 3, 1). One of them had been treated for aplastic anemia with steroid. The cause of grade 3 rectal bleeding was considered to be technical failure in intracavitary application. The remaining two patients recovered without treatment. From our early experience, it is concluded that Selectron MDR can be used for cervical cancer patients as safely and effectively as our previously used high-dose rate machine.

Brachytherapy↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Metastatic pulmonary calcification: early detection by high-resolution CT.

A 41-year-old man with a renal transplant was admitted with cough, fever, and dyspnea. Although chest radiography was normal, high-resolution CT demonstrated small hazy round opacities in the centrilobular regions throughout both lungs. The biopsy specimen revealed metastatic calcification in the alveolar septa and the walls of the bronchioles and arterioles. High-resolution CT may be useful for the early detection of metastatic pulmonary calcification when plain radiography is negative and therapy has the potential to reverse the process.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Significance of informed consent and truth-telling for quality of life in terminal cancer patients.

For 12 patients with terminal stage cancer who died within the period from June 1995 to the present, we retrospectively evaluated the correlation between the "information" concerning disclosure of the "diagnosis," "pathology," and "prognosis," with the length of the last admission before the death, "sedation" near death, and the choice of "do not resuscitate (DNR)." The average length of admission before death was markedly shorter for patients who had been told either the "diagnosis," "pathology," or "prognosis" than for patients who had not. A statistically significant difference was observed between those who had been told and those who had not been told the "pathology." Similarly, "sedation" tended to be done for those who had been provided with information on cancer. It was suggested that telling patients with terminal stage cancer the truth about "diagnosis," "pathology," and "prognosis" is important for them to spend a fulfilling terminal stage.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical usefulness of the management and delivery of radiation dose-distribution images using the Internet.

Dose distribution images in radiation therapy play important roles in the management of cancer patients. To date, hard copies of these images have been stored for referral by radiation oncologists as needed. In most cases, these images are not available to medical personnel outside the radiation oncology department. We have developed a means to access these dose distribution images from the hospital via the World-Wide Web (WWW). A screen snapshot of a dose distribution image on the CRT of a treatment planning unit is copied to the WWW server and converted to a GIF (graphic interchange format) image. Similarly, we can register dose volume histograms and digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRR) on the WWW. Medical personnel can view these images through the WWW browser from anywhere in the hospital. As a result, radiation oncologists are given detailed information on target definition in treatment planning by expert physicians. The system also helps co-medical personnel in understanding dose distribution and predicting radiation injury. At the same time, it actualizes an electronic archive of dose distribution images, which is a database for quick and reliable review, evaluation, and comparison of treatment plans. This technique also fosters closer relationships among radiation oncologists, physicians, and co-medical personnel.

Humans↗