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Biomedical subjects

T Kowalski

Publications and source records attributed to T Kowalski.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

CGS 22745: a selective orally active inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase.

CGS 22745, and aralkyl hydroxamic acid, inhibited 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) synthesis in guinea pig leukocytes (IC50 = 0.6 microM). The compound did not appreciably affect cyclooxygenase (ram seminal vesicles), 12-lipoxygenase and thromboxane synthase (human platelets) or 15-lipoxygenase (human neutrophils). CGS 22745 inhibited A23187-induced formation of LTB4 in blood (IC50's of 4.3, 0.56 and 3.2 microM for human, dog and rat, respectively). At 1 mg/kg i.v. in dogs, it caused 96% inhibition of A23187-stimulated LTB4 formation ex vivo after 5 min. Its effective biological half-life was greater than 160 min. In dogs at 3 and 10 mg/kg p.o., CGS 22745 inhibited ex vivo A23187-stimulated LTB4 formation at 3 hr by 48% and 97%, respectively. The inhibition persisted up to 6 hr (26% at 3 mg/kg; 49% at 10 mg/kg). CGS 22745 (3, 10 and 30 mg/kg p.o.) inhibited exudate formation, mononuclear cells and PMN accumulation in a dose-dependent manner during the late phase (48 and 72 hr) of carrageenan-induced pleurisy in the rat.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

The biological disposition of 1-methyl-3-keto-4-phenylquinuclidinium bromide in the rat and dog.

The biological disposition of 1-methyl-3-keto-phenylquinuclidinium bromide (MA540) has been studied in the rat and dog. Gastrointestinal absorption of the drug was considerably different in the 2 species; about 15% and 75% of the dose in the rat and dog, respectively. Tissue distribution after i.v. administration was characterized by generally high tissue/plasma drug ratios in the rat and by low plasma (the only tissue examined) levels in the dog. Drug localization was apparent in the liver and adrenals, and the highest average (24-h) concentration was found in those tissues. The distribution profile and the chemical nature of MA540 suggest that the compound was distributed, at least initially, in extracellular water. MA540 was not extensively metabolized by either species. Excretion, although initially fairly rapid, slowed such that whole body half-lives were estimated to be 21 h and 47 h in the rat and dog, respectively.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Changes in insulin-like growth factor I, 17-b-estradiol, and progesterone in postmenopausal women with benign and malignant ovarian tumours.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this research was to observe changes in IGF-I and steroid hormones in postmenopausal women with benign and malignant ovarian tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), 17-b-estradiol and progesterone were examined by radioimmunological assay in three groups of postmenopausal women: patients with malignant ovarian tumors, patients with benign ovarian tumors, and healthy women. In all three groups the age and body mass index (BMI) were comparable. RESULTS: The concentrations of IGF-I in the serum of the patients with malignant cancer were significantly lower. The concentrations of estradiol were significantly higher in the patients with both benign and malignant ovarian tumors as compared to the controls. CONCLUSIONS: Decreased IGF-I concentration in the serum of postmenopausal women with ovarian tumors may suggest that the tumor is malignant.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Causes of jaundice in elderly patients.

The aim of present study was stating the cause of jaundice among patients over 65 years old treated in the medical and surgery departments of two clinics in the years 1985-1987. During the three years 247 cases of jaundice of various etiology excluding virus hepatitis were found. It was stated that the most frequent cause of jaundice in patients over 65 years was cholelithiasis (36.6%). The second subsequent cause was cancer (31%), especially that of gallbladder. Among the group of patients up to 65 years treated in medical departments, the most frequent cause of jaundice was cancer (27.3%) and the subsequent cause was cholelithiasis (21.3%). In the department of surgery, among the younger age group cholelithiasis was the most numerous cause of jaundice. Comparing our own examinations with similar ones undertaken 7 years earlier among patients from Wrocław, we can state a significant increase of cancer in the population of our town.

Adult↗