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Biomedical subjects

T Kovac

Publications and source records attributed to T Kovac.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

The chemical and biogenotoxic characterization of organic xenobiotics in aquatic sediment materials 1. The application and comparison of chemically non-specific and biogenotoxic methods.

The aim of this work was to evaluate the Ames assay and mixed function oxidase (MFO)-Induct Test used in parallel with chemical group tests (ECD fingerprint and PAH estimation) for the characterization of the organic pollution of water sediment materials. Sediment materials were collected from "clean" and relatively heavily polluted locations in the Middle Adriatic Sea, and from some locations in continental Croatia polluted with wastewaters from different enterprises. Characterization of the organic extracts of the sediment materials investigated was performed chemically using UV spectrofluorometry for the determination polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and gas chromatography for the determination of volatile EC detector sensitive materials. Genotoxic analysis of the extracts was performed using the MFO-Induct Test and mutagenicity testing using the Standard Plate Incorporation Test as described by Maron and Ames with Salmonella typhimurium TA 98. Measurement of the BaPMO enzyme activity in the livers of carp treated i.p. with total extracts of the sediment investigated confirmed that the methanol extracts generally contained more inducing matter than the petroleum ether extracts. Ames assay showed that for all the samples following the elimination of the sulfur, there was an increase in the number of revertants in comparison to the control number, which indicates that the samples contained mutagenic substances. The larger doses of extracts generally demonstrated cytotoxicity, as evidenced by a reduced number of spontaneous revertants in the SalmonellalMicrosome Test. Investigation of the correlation of the chemical parameters with the biological parameter showed that the induction of BaPMO exhibited a statistically significant correlation with the level of the ECD fingerprint of the petroleum ether sediment extract.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Glucocorticoid receptor-Hsp90 interaction in the liver cytosol of cadmium-intoxicated rats.

The influence of cadmium on the rat liver glucocorticoid receptor (GR) binding capacity, on the cytosolic level of 90 kDa heat shock protein (Hsp90), and on the association of the two proteins was investigated. The results showed that the mode of metal application led to diverse alterations in hormone binding to the GR. Reduction of the GR binding capacity observed after in vitro treatment was proportional to the applied metal concentrations. In animals administered different doses of cadmium, GR binding capacity was not reduced, except in those that received the highest dose. A concomitant elevation of Hsp90 level was detected both in the cytosol and within the GR untransformed heterocomplexes. The results suggest that cadmium-induced reduction of the GR binding capacity seen in vitro was prevented in intact animals by the elevated level of Hsp90 within the GR heterocomplexes.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Organization and work of the War Hospital in Sturba near the town of Livno, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The work of the Croatian Defense Council (armed forces of the Croatian citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina) War Hospital at Sturba, outskirts of the town of Livno, is described. The hospital was established in the beginning of April and worked until September 1992. It provided services for the battlefield of approximately 100 km of a very difficult mountainous terrain. The hospital was situated in a concrete dugout taken from the Yugoslav Federal Army. It was well equipped and supplied exclusively by numerous donations. Medical personnel were recruited partly from local medical professionals and partly from volunteers from Croatia. During the 5-month period, 597 patients (571 soldiers and 26 civilians) were admitted. A total of 314 operations, 141 in general and 173 in regional anesthesia, were performed. None of the patients died in the hospital. There was not a single epidemic either among soldiers or civilians in the area.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[On the 185th anniversary of the birth of David Gruby (1810-1898)].

David Gruby, the founder of Medical Microbiology, is better known abroad than in his homeland. The Yugoslav public has no knowledge of him and only a small number of physicians have heard of David Gruby and his contribution to medicine. At the beginning of his career he was a passionate explorer and later a very well known practitioner. Although he had lived abroad during his active period of life, he had never denied his origin and considering his contribution to science, he and his work deserve to be known about more at least among physicians.

Austria↗
PubMed1994

NATO war medicine doctrine revisited in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

NATO war medical doctrine was applied in the war in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina. However, due to rather specific martial and organizational circumstances, the doctrine had to be modified. sometimes substantially. A medical team from the war hospital in Livno, Bosnia and Herzegovina describes their work with respect to the four-echelon NATO doctrine. The team covered a relatively large and active battlefield, and treated 597 patients with 314 major surgical interventions. Due to the lack of surgeons and medical personnel in general, the second echelon concentrated on fast transportation, and the third echelon fulfilled the function of the fourth echelon, completing the surgical treatment except for 12 patients with head and spine injuries.

Bosnia and Herzegovina↗
PubMed1989

[Alzheimer's disease from the aspect of hormonal and metabolic disorders].

Some facts of metabolical disturbances and functional changes of brain tissue hormones in Alzheimer's disease are reviewed. Characteristics of aetiopathogenesis, clinical picture and diagnostics are referred with observations on sociomedical importance of the disease. From the known data it can not yet be concluded if these changes are a cause or outcome of the illness.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMed1986

Regional and international comparison in utilization of antidiabetic drugs.

Data are expressed in the comparable manner through the method of defined daily doses (DDD), which has been adopted for drugs in our country according to the internationally agreed method of drug utilization [Stanulović et al. 1981]. Together with Iceland, Novi Sad had the lowest insulin utilization in 1976, the rate being 1.7 DDD/1000 inhabitants per day. Insulin was used 7.2 times less than in Sweden. However, the utilization of biguanide of 6 DDD/1000 inhabitants per day was 10 times greater than in other European countries. Prescribing rate of preparations of sulfonylurea in Novi Sad was high (8.2 DDD/1000 inhabitants per day); only Sweden came closer to these values. Causes contributing to these differences could be found in the relation between juvenile diabetes and adult onset diabetes as well as in physicians' attitudes towards therapy, in nutritional status and degree of obesity in the population, age structure of population, number of dietitians in the diabetological service, etc. Diabetologists and clinical pharmacologists should explain causes leading to these differences and determine side effects of available antidiabetic drugs, either positive or negative, in order to enable their optimum utilization.

Diabetes Mellitus↗
PubMed1982

Synthesis and properties of some new 11-acyl-5,11-dihydro-6H-pyrido [2,3-b] [1,4]-benzodiazepin-6-ones.

The synthesis of 11-acyl-5,11-dihydro-6H-pyrido [2,3-b]-[1,4] benzodiazepin-6-ones (III), (V-IX), is described as well as their spectroscopic characteristics, dipole moments and partition coefficients. The same properties are determined for their N-oxide analogues (X) and (XI), while pharmacological data for some of the above compounds are compared with those of pirenzepin (I), a well known antiulcer drug.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1979

Synthesis of some carbon-3 substituted 1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones and their central nervous system effects.

Starting from 3-hydroxy-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones 1--3, via 3-chloro derivatives 4--6, 13 new C(3)-substituted 1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones were synthesized. Reaction of 4--6 with ethylene glycol yielded 3-(beta-hydroxyethyl) derivatives 7--9. Similar reaction with the isopropylidene derivative of glycerol afforded 10--12, which on hydrolysis of the isopropylidene group hielded glycerol derivatives 13--15. Reaction of trichloroacetyl chloride with oxazepam and temazepam yielded the corresponding trichloroacetyl esters 16 and 17. The beta-hydroxyethyl derivative 7 was conjugated with an acetylated glucopyranose derivative to give isomeric 18 and 19. Partition coefficients (log Poct) and central nervous system activities (in six stranded tests) were determined for 7--15 as well as several standard compounds. Most of the compounds exhibiting beneficial central nervous system activity had Poct values between 1.71 and 2.48. No correlation between lipophilicity and central nervous system activity could be discerned for these compounds.

Animals↗