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Biomedical subjects

T Kondo

Publications and source records attributed to T Kondo.

At least 1,081 records · Page 60Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[An experience of surgical treatment for catamenial pneumothorax with diaphragmatic and pulmonary endometriosis].

A case of catamenial pneumothorax with diaphragmatic and pulmonary endometriosis is presented. A 43-year-old, married woman had three times of recurrent right pneumothorax during the period from January to July on 1990. Each episode was apparently related to the onset of the menstruation suggesting catamenial pneumothorax. Right thoracotomy revealed a perforation of the diaphragm and five black spots on the visceral pleura. Involved portion both diaphragm and lung were excised. Microscopic examination of the excised specimens showed endometrial stroma in the diaphragm and subpleural layer of the lung. Although it has been postulated that intrathoracic endometriosis is a possible cause of the pneumothorax, very few cases have been reported in which pulmonary or pleural endometriosis was demonstrated histologically. Surgical and pathologic findings are documented discussing the relationship of both conditions in this report.

Diaphragm↗
PubMed1992

Relationship between pancreatic exocrine function and histological changes in chronic pancreatitis.

To confirm correlation between function and histology of the exocrine pancreas in chronic pancreatitis, we compared exocrine pancreatic function, as estimated by cholecystokinin secretin test (CST), with histological findings in 108 patients. Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency was graded from 0 to 4 according to the number of abnormal CST parameters. Histological findings also were graded from 0 to 4. Results of CST in 108 patients were normal (grade 0) in 52, equivocal (grade 1) in 23, and abnormal (grades 2-4) in 33. Normal histological findings (grade 0) were observed in 54 patients, equivocal (grade 1) in 15, and abnormal (grades 2-4) in 39. We confirmed that there was a significant correlation between histological grading and overall scoring (tau = 0.59, p less than 0.01) or individual parameters (tau = -0.36 for volume, -0.45 for amylase output, and -0.54 for maximal bicarbonate concentration (p less than 0.01) of CST. Sensitivity of CST was 67% in 39 patients with histologically confirmed chronic pancreatitis, specificity was 90% in 69 patients without chronic pancreatitis, based on histological evidence, and efficiency was 81%. In conclusion, we confirmed a highly significant correlation between direct function test (CST) and histology of the exocrine pancreas.

Cholecystokinin↗
PubMed1992

Malformation in infants of mothers with epilepsy receiving antiepileptic drugs.

To assess the relative contribution of antiepileptic drugs (AEDS) to occurrence of congenital malformations, we compared two prospective studies. We analyzed data for 14 AEDs for total daily doses (drug score) and eight background factors. From the first study, the drug score and polytherapy--particularly the use of valproate plus carbamazepine--were suspected to be primary factors for increased incidence of congenital malformation. In the other study, the drug score for each case was decreased, and polytherapy--particularly valproate plus carbamazepine--was changed to monotherapy before conception. These changes significantly decreased the incidence of malformations. Among risk factors, only the doses of methylphenobarbital for mothers of infants with malformations were significantly higher than those for mothers of infants without malformations. Statistical differences were seen in drug score, number of AEDs, maternal age at delivery, seizure type, and etiology of epilepsy between the two groups. When data were corrected for seizure type, maternal age at delivery, or etiology of epilepsy, the difference in the incidence of malformations did not disappear, but it did disappear when data were corrected for drug score or number of AEDs. These results support our previous observations that AEDs are primary factors for the increased incidence of congenital malformation in infants of mothers with epilepsy.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1992

[Myocardial imaging in acute myocardial infarction using beta-methyl-p-(123I)-iodophenylpentadecanoic acid: comparison with 201Tl imaging and wall motion].

Myocardial imaging using beta-methyl-p-(123I)-iodophenylpentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) was performed in 11 patients with acute myocardial infarction. The left ventricular images were divided into 12 segments, and myocardial imagings with BMIPP were compared with coronary angiography (CAG), thallium-201 myocardial scintigraphy (TL) and wall motion obtained by two-dimensional echocardiography (WM). When the culprit lesion was at the proximal point of the left anterior descending artery (LAD), all segments showed depressed uptake. In 3 cases with single vessel disease of the LAD, inferior wall of the basis showed reduced uptake of BMIPP despite the location of the culprit lesion. In cases with discordant uptake between the two tracers, BMIPP frequently showed more severely depressed uptake than TL in the subacute phase, although the uptake of BMIPP correlated with that of TL (tau = 0.82, p less than 0.001). In such cases, the discordance was related to the improvement in WM from the acute phase to the convalescent phase. BMIPP uptake correlated with WM in the subacute phase (tau = 0.50, p less than 0.001). BMIPP showed more severely depressed uptake while WM showed mild asynergy in most cases in which discordance was found between the BMIPP and WM findings. However, there was no correlation between the change in WM from the acute to subacute phases, or the uptakes of BMIPP and TL alone. We concluded that the myocardial condition can be evaluated in detail in acute myocardial infarction by comparing the findings of BMIPP with those of TL and WM.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Abdominal complications of the pedicled omental flap in chest surgery].

The incidence of abdominal complications and the gastrointestinal function after omental pedicle wrapping (Group I: n = 13) were compared with those after right pneumonectomy (Group II: n = 9) and cholecystectomy (Group III: n = 22). Indications of the omentopexy were as follows: 1) prophylaxis for the bronchial complication after chest surgery (4 cases), 2) treatment of thoracic empyema (2 cases) and 3) postoperative bronchopleural fistula (7 cases). Poor intestinal movement necessitating fast after surgery persisted significantly longer in Group I than in Group II (p less than 0.05), but no significant difference was observed between Group I and Group III. Abdominal complications were observed frequently in Group I when oral feeding was initiated; abdominal distension in 7 of 13 cases (54%), epigastric discomfort in 3 (23%) and dehiscence of the abdominal wound in 4 (31%). Abdominal wound dehiscences were most frequently encountered after surgical treatment with the omentopexy for empyema thoracic (2/2, 100%) and for bronchopleural fistula (2/7, 28%). Upper GI examination was performed in seven cases, four of which (57%) showed the deformity of antral region of the stomach. Since this finding was not always accompanied with the symptom of gastric retention, it was likely that gastric retention following the omentopexy was caused by dissection of right gastroepiploic nerves rather than the anatomical deformity of the stomach.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Outbreaks of asthma attack and meteorological parameters--comparison between two areas].

The correlation between patient visits and meteorological parameters were analyzed regarding asthmatic children who visited the outpatient emergency clinics at Teikyo University Hospital in Tokyo and Ogaki Municipal Hospital in Gifu, during the two years of 1986 and 1987. The yearly climatological changes are quite similar in both areas. Moreover, variations in the number of patient visits were also remarkably similar in both areas. High temperatures and high vapor pressure significantly correlated with increased numbers of visits in both areas. High humidity and high barometric pressure had some correlation with increased numbers of visits in both areas. As for wind direction, northerly synoptic winds had a significant correlation with increased numbers of visits in Tokyo, while contrarily, southerly winds produced the same effect in Ogaki. Precipitation and cloud density showed no correlation with the number of patient visits in either area.

Asthma↗
PubMed1992

Analysis of factors related to hypertension in Japanese middle-aged male workers.

A total of 789 Japanese male transport service workers between the ages of 35 and 50 were used as subjects in an analysis of daily lifestyle factors related to hypertension. Multiple logistic analysis showed positive dose-response relations between hypertension and age, obesity and alcohol consumption. Age and obesity were factors having a linearly increasing odds ratios for hypertension (including borderline cases and those under treatment). Alcohol consumption of 56 g ethyl alcohol per day or more had an odds ratio about double that of those who did not drink. Smokers had 1/2 the odds ratio of non-smokers. Subjects working a 24-hr shift comprised mostly of standby duty showed a slightly lower rate of hypertension, but it was statistically insignificant.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Phospholipase D in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells and its activation by phorbol ester.

We determined the phospholipase D (PLD) activity in rat vascular smooth muscle cells by the formation of phosphatidylethanol in cells prelabeled with [3H] myristic acid. The enzyme was markedly activated by a phorbol ester (TPA). Down regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) resulted in almost complete inhibition indicating PKC-dependent mechanism of its activation. Depletion of calcium by EGTA and TMB-8 caused 53% inhibition. Chelator-stable association of PKC to membrane by TPA was observed in the absence of extracellular Ca2+. The mitogenic peptide PDGF also caused a marked stimulation of PLD. These results indicate that PLD in vascular smooth muscle cells is stimulated by TPA through the activation of PKC both by calcium-dependent and independent mechanisms.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Isolation of estrogen receptor-binding sites in human genomic DNA.

Total genomic DNA digested by restriction enzymes was mixed with the DNA-binding domain of the estrogen receptor (ER-DBD) that was expressed in Escherichia coli and the fragments that bound to it were selected by nitrocellulose filter. These fragments were cloned into a plasmid vector and amplified. This selection process was repeated six times and five fragments ranging from 0.2 to 2 kb were isolated. Interestingly, each of these fragments had a perfect palindromic estrogen responsive element (ERE) (GGT-CANNNTGACC). More surprisingly, one of the fragments was found to be derived from the same locus as a fragment obtained by another similar but independent experiment. The results indicate that the ER-DBD region can bind by itself specifically to the perfect palindromic ERE with a 3 base pair spacing but it does not bind strongly enough to the half palindromic EREs or to the imperfect palindromic EREs. Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase assay has shown that some of these fragments have estrogen-dependent enhancer activity, suggesting the existence of a target gene near these fragments. The method described here may be generally applicable for screening and isolation of other transcription factor-binding sites in genomic DNA.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Mast cell degranulating (MCD) peptide and its optical isomer activate GTP binding protein in rat mast cells.

The MCD peptide in bee venom induces degranulation in mast cells. The internal calcium concentration of mast cells increased and remained high following MCD stimulation. This calcium increase was blocked by pertussis toxin (Ptx) treatment, suggesting that MCD peptide activates Ptx-sensitive G-protein. Even in the absence of external calcium in the incubation medium, the calcium concentration increased by MCD treatment, but soon returned to the original level. D-MCD, the optical isomer of the MCD peptide, also increased the internal calcium concentration through a Ptx-sensitive pathway. We suggest that cationic clusters at one side of the surface are more important in activating the G-protein than the alpha-helix conformation.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Direct activation of GTP-binding proteins by venom peptides that contain cationic clusters within their alpha-helical structures.

Direct interactions of venom peptides that contained a cysteine-stabilized alpha-helical motif within their internal molecules with alpha beta gamma-trimeric GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) were studied in reconstituted phospholipid vesicles. Mast cell-degranulating (MCD) peptide stimulated the steady-state rate of GTP hydrolysis catalyzed by the reconstituted G proteins. Synthetic D-MCD peptide, the optical isomer of MCD peptide, was also effective in the activation of G proteins as L-MCD peptide. The stimulations by L- and D-peptides were both abolished in G proteins that had been ADP-ribosylated by pertussis toxin. Charybdotoxin also stimulated, though slightly, the GTPase activity of G proteins. Such a stimulation was, however, not observed upon the incubation of G proteins with other venom peptides such as apamin, sarafotoxin and endothelin. Thus, in comparison of the amino acid sequences of their venom peptides, the extent of the activation of G proteins appeared to be correlated with the number of basic amino acid residues around the alpha-helix. These results suggest that cationic clusters at one side of the alpha-helical surface are more important in the direct activation of G proteins than a specific, alpha-helical structure.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Destruction of norepinephrine terminals in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated mice reduces locomotor activity induced by L-dopa.

There is little information concerning the effects of norepinephrine (NE) depletion on clinical features of patients with Parkinson's disease. By inducing two types of experimental parkinsonism, one with a dopamine (DA) deficiency alone and the other with both a DA and NE deficiency, we attempted to evaluate the differences in locomotor activity and behavioral responses between the two groups after L-DOPA administration. The results of the study revealed that increases in locomotor activity were markedly suppressed in the DA and NE deficient group. This may suggest that with striatal DA deficiency the central NE terminals play a significant role in the increase in locomotor activity after L-DOPA administration.

1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine↗