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Biomedical subjects

T Kokubu

Publications and source records attributed to T Kokubu.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Reduced responses of renin release to three different stimuli in essential hypertensive patients of stage II (WHO stage classification).

The responses of renin release to three different stimuli, such as 1) head-up tilt, 2) administration of loop diuretics(bumetanide) and 3) low sodium diet + administration of bumetanide + ambulation were examined in essential hypertensive patients and normotensive subjects. Essential hypertensive patients were classified as stage I and II according to WHO stage classification. Groups studied were age-matched. The responses of renin release to three stimuli did not significantly differ in normotensive subjects (n = 13, 42 +/- 2(SEM) years old) and essential hypertensive patients of stage I (n = 15, 44 +/- 2). However, essential hypertensive patients of stage II (n = 20, 44 +/- 1) showed significantly lower responses of renin release to all three stimuli than essential hypertensive patients of stage I and normotensive subjects. The results suggest that the suppression of renin release is related in part to the development of hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Placental type of membrane-bound arylamidase (Shiba isoenzyme) found in human cancerous lung.

A placental type of membrane-bound arylamidase (Shiba isoenzyme) was found in the tissue of adenocarcinoma of the lung. Cancerous lung membrane-bound arylamidase had the same electrophoretic mobility, isoelectric point (pH 4.2), and susceptibility to SDS inactivation as placental membrane-bound arylamidase. Cancerous lung membrane-bound arylamidase had molecular weight and kinetic properties similar to normal lung membrane-bound arylamidase, but differed from the normal lung membrane-bound arylamidase with respect to electrophoretic mobility, isoelectric point, heat stability and inactivation by SDS.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1979

No evidence for the existence of a species-specific renin substrate in plasma from normal and bilaterally nephrectomized rats.

Renin substrate in plasma from normal and biolaterally nephrectomized rats was measured using an excess of rat or rabbit renin which had the same pressor activity when directly assayed in the rat. The amounts of angiotensin I generated with an excess of rat renin were similar to those generated with an excess of rabbit renin in plasma from normal and bilaterally nephrectomized rats. Further addition of an excess of homologous renin to the incubation mixture did not generate more angiotensin I from normal and bilaterally nephrectomized rat plasma which had been incubated before with an excess of rabbit renin. The isoelectric focusing profiles of plasma renin substrate from normal and bilaterally nephrectomized rats were almost identical using an excess of either rat or rabbit renin. It is concluded that there is no species-specific renin substrate for homologous renin in normal or bilaterally nephrectomized rats.

Angiotensin I↗
PubMed1979

Measurement of plasma renin concentration using exogenous human renin substrate in normal subjects: correlation with plasma renin concentration and plasma aldosterone concentration.

Measurement of plasma renin concentration (PRC) was done in normal subjects at rest and under acute stimulation of renin release under unrestricted sodium intake. Concurrent measurements of plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma aldosterone concentration (PA) were carried out. The mean values of PRC at rest and after stimulation of renin release were 12.8 +/- 1.3 (SEM) and 21.7 +/- 4.4 (SEM) ng AT I/ml/h, respectively. These corresponded to renin contents of 3.4 +/- 0.34 (SEM) X 10(-5) Goldblatt units and 5.8 +/- 0.36 (SEM) respectively. The mean percent increase of PRC (82.1 +/- 19.3 (SEM)) %) was almost indentical to that of PA (81.5 +/- 16.4 (SEM) %), but differed from that of PRA (269 +/- 83.1 (SEM) %). A very high correlation between concurrent PRC and PA (r = 0.92, P less than 0.001) was found in normal subjects at rest and under acute stimulation of renin release. A good correlation between PRC and PRA (r = 0.85, P less than 0.001) was also observed. However, a higher correlation between percent increases of PRC and PA (r = 0.92, P less than 0.001) than that of PRA and PA (r = 0.80, 0.01 less than P less than 0.005) was found. Results show that PRA is a good index of the renin content in plasma in normal subjects at rest and PRC reflects actual renin concentration in plasma at rest as well as under stimulation of renin release.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Response of urinary noradrenaline excretion to reserpine administration in normal and hypertensive subjects.

Reserpine was administered in purpose to determine the "Noradrenaline store" in sympathetic nerve endings. The marked increase of urinary noradrenaline excretion was observed by reserpine 0.4 mg/day administration. Total amount of noradrenaline in urine for first three days of 0.4 mg/day of reserpine administration was considered as a good indicators of "Noradrenaline store". There was no difference of "Noradrenaline store" between normal and hypertensive subjects. The increase % of urinary noradrenaline was higher in labile hypertension than in established hypertension as well as in normal subjects. Though the relationship between "Noradrenaline store" or the increase % of noradrenaline and sympathetic nerve activity was not clear, it is suspected that the releasable noradrenaline in sympathetic nerve granule was higher in labile hypertension than in established hypertension or normal subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Purification and properties of angiotensin I-converting enzyme in human lung and its role on the metabolism of vasoactive peptides in pulmonary circulation.

Purification of angiotensin I-converting enzyme from human lung and characteristics of the enzyme was studied. Experimental pneumonitis was produced in rabbits and the change of the activity of angiotensin I-converting enzyme was studied in purpose to clarify the role of this enzyme in the metabolism of vasoactive peptides in the lung. Purification was performed using trypsin treatment, acid treatment, DE52-cellulose column chromatography, hydroxyapatite chromatography and Sephadex G-200 gel filtration. The enzyme after final step showed a single band on disc gel electrophoresis. Experimental pneumonitis was produced by injection of Complete Freund's adjuvant (acute pneumonitis) and of N-nitroso-N-methylurethane (chronic pneumonitis). In acute experiment, angiotensin I-converting enzyme activity in pulmonary tissue and in plasma was significantly decreased. In perfusion experiment, conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and inactivation of bradykinin were also significantly decreased. In case of decreased activity of angiotensin I-converting enzyme in the lung, less angiotensin II will be released into systemic circulation and bradykinin will pass through the pulmonary circulation into systemic circulation, thus this may result in the decrease of systemic blood pressure.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Angiotensin I-converting enzyme in human urine.

It was demonstrated that angiotensin I-converting enzyme was excreted in human urine. The mean activity of the enzyme in normal urine was found to be 0.38 +/- 0.04 (S.E.M.) units/day (n = 18) and the enzymic activity correlated well with the concentration of the excreted sodium (r = 0.76, p less than 0.005). Urinary angiotensin I-converting enzyme was partially purified. Three different molecular weights of enzyme (greater than 400 000, 290 000 and 140 000) were demonstrated by Sephadex G-200 gel filtration. The enzymic properties of these three enzymes were identical with those of angiotensin I-converting enzyme from human lung with regard to inhibitory effects (bradykinin potentiator c and Arg-Pro-Pro), Cl- dependency, pH optimum and KM value.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1978

A placental type of membrane-bound arylamidase in serum and ascites from a patient with renal cell carcinoma.

A placental type of membrane-bound arylamidase was detected in serum and ascites from a patient with renal cell carcinoma by isoelectric focusing. The enzyme had the same molecular weight, electrophoretic mobility on polyacrylamide gel, isoelectric point and KM value as placental membrane-bound arylamidase. The new type of membrane-bound arylamidase was named Shiba-isoenzyme after the patient's name.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1978

[Demonstration of immunoreactive GIF-like substance in villi and decidua by radioimmunoassay and immunofluorescence (author's transl)].

Since Arimura et al (1975) reported the radioimmunoassay for somatostatin (GIF), the concentration of GIF in various organ and brain regions were determined by radio-immunoassay. Dubois et al (1975) reported that immunohistochemically somatostatin was located in the discrete cells of the pancreas as well as the hypothalamus, and from this result, they presented the concept of local hormone instead of systemic hormone which was up to that time accepted in endocrinology. In this study, we developed the high specific anti-GIF serum using rabbits, and with the micro immunodiffusion method, we demonstrated that the precipitin band formed a circular fusion between the GIF and anti-GIF serum. This pattern of reaction was also seen in decidual immunodiffusion. In addition, we developed the radioimmunoassay for GIF using this anti-serum and measured immunoreactive GIF-like substances in villi and decidua of early pregnancy. The concentration of GIF-like substances with 2 N acetic acid extracted of villi and decidua were 0 to 30 pg/0.1 g dry weight. At the same time, we demonstrated the presence of GIF-like substance-containing cells in the villi and decidua by indirect immunofluorescent method. The intensity of immunofluorescence was in cytotrophoblast rather than syncytiotrophoblast, and decidual stromal cell also reacted to the immunofluorescence.

Chorionic Villi↗