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Biomedical subjects

T Kojima

Publications and source records attributed to T Kojima.

At least 955 records · Page 53Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

The outcome from acute subdural haematoma following decompressive hemicraniectomy.

Retrospective analysis of 15 cases with acute subdural haematoma receiving decompressive hemicraniectomy was carried out in an effort to clarify the beneficial effect and limitation of this operative procedure. The patients in this series were divided into three groups according to postoperative intracranial pressure (ICP). Decompressive hemicraniectomy was effective in lowering ICP in all patients except for the cases that developed acute brain swelling. Overall mortality rate was 66.7% in this series. Preoperative clinical status, and intra- and postoperative ICP and CT findings obtained within 24 hours of operation were correlated with the operative outcome.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Cleft hand and its surgical treatment.

The various types of cleft hand are classified into four groups and the surgical methods for each group presented. Since cleft hand varies greatly, it is impossible to dscribe its surgical treatment without making these distinctions. The surgical procedures used in our department in representative cases from each of the four groups are reported.

Fingers↗
PubMed1980

Mitomycin C-dextran conjugate: a novel high molecular weight pro-drug of mitomycin C.

A high molecular weight derivative of mitomycin C (MMC), mitomycin C-dextran conjugate (MMC-D) has been synthesized and its biological and pharmacological properties investigated. MMC is released from MMC-D in vitro with a half-life of 24 h. After intraperitoneal injection of MMC-D, free MMC could be detected in plasma and urine of mouse for 5--8 h, while MMC administered as a free form was eliminated rapidly. After MMC-D, given to mice bearing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma or B16 melanoma there was a reduction in toxicitst that the high molecular weight MMC-dextran derivative is a kind of pro-drug which persists in the body giving a sustained release of free MMC thus significantly increasing the antitumour activity of the parent drug.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Antagonism of KW-5338 (domperidone) against emesis and depression of intestinal motility induced by L-DOPA.

KW-5338 (domperidone), a new dopamine antagonist, is considered to be an agent to cross the blood-brain barrier with difficulty. The antagonistic activities of KW-5338 against L-DOPA were investigated, KW-5338 showed a strong anti-emetic action against L-DOPA induced emesis in beagle dogs (ED50=0.056 mg/kg (p.o.)) and restored the L-DOPA induced depression of intestinal motility to some extent, while it did not antagonize anti-tremorine activities of L-DOPA and trihexyphenidyl in mice. These results suggest that KW-5338 prevents side effects of L-DOPA such as nausea, vomiting and constipation, without reduction in therapeutic effects of L-DOPA in Parkinson's disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Effects of KW-5338 (domperidone) on gastric motility.

The effects of KW-5338 (domperidone) on gastric motility were studied by the balloon method in pentobarbital anesthetized mongrel dogs. KW-5338 was found to enhance the antrum motility. Its enhancement pattern showed the following characteristics: (1) The tonus was not affected, (2) the contraction pressure increased, (3) the frequency of contraction decreased slightly, and (4) the enhancement was long lasting. Metoclopramide showed strong but short enhancement of antrum motility. KW-5338 augmented also the gastric body motility, although the enhancement pattern was different from that in the antrum: (1) The action did not last so long, and (2) an increase in tonus was observed. The augmentation of the gastric motility by KW-5338 was observed even after vagotomy and splanchnicotomy, but it was weaker and shorter than in the intact state. THe KW-5338 induced augmentation was diminished by tetrodotoxin treatment. The gastric relaxation response to dopamine was blocked by KW-5338. These results show that KW-5338 activates the gastric motility not only by central mechanism but also by stimulation to intramural neurons. The dopamine blocking activity of KW-5338 might play some role in the enhancement of gastric motility.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Studies on the shift of cefmetazole into the gastrointestinal tract (author's transl)].

From the studies on the stability of cefmetazole and cefazolin in feces of animals and children, and the determination of the fecal concentration of cefmetazole in three pediatric patients, the following results were obtained. 1) When cefmetazole was kept at 37 degrees C for 24 approximately 48 hours in feces of rats, rabbits, dogs and children, it showed no decrease of the potency. On the other hand, cefazolin kept in the same condition as that of cefmetazole showed a remarkable decrease of the potency. 2) Fecal excretions of cefmetazole were 0, 0.22 and 0.65% of total doses, respectively, in two pediatric patients of scarlet fever and one pediatric patient of serous meningitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Resurfacing exposed bone of the lower leg using muscle flap transposition.

Although there are a variety of covering methods for skin defects accompanying exposed bone in the lower leg, in patients in whom closure with a local skin flap is not possible, I recommend the use of a muscle flap as the first choice. Muscle flap transfer has many advantages over other methods, and the result with this procedure is usually excellent. The grafting of mesh skin onto the transposed muscle is recommended. Good cosmetic results will be obtained by grafting the mesh skin without expanding it too much. The use of a myocutaneous flap for the lower leg is not recommended from a cosmetic point of view, and there are no particular advantages in the use of this method. The use of a muscle flap is adequate to achieve the intended curative result.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Absorption and excretion of cefradine in healthy volunteers (author's transl)].

From experiments in which cefradine (CED) was orally administered to healthy volunteers in doses of 1,000 mg, 500 mg and successive 250 mg after meal and 500 mg in fasting condition, the following results were obtained. 1) Absorption of CED was rapid in fasting volunteers with peak serum levels at about one hour after administration. On the other hand, the absorption was delayed in non-fasting volunteers with peak serum levels at about 2 approximately 3 hours after administration. Absorbed amounts of CED were proportional to the doses with no effect of meal. 2) Maximum urinary excretion of CED was observed in 0 approximately 2 hour-urine of fasting volunteers and 2 approximately 4 hour-urine of non-fasting volunteers. Total urinary recovery of CED was about 85% in either experiment, showing no effect of meal.

Administration, Oral↗