With this rapid (20 min), sensitive (0.1 mumol/L), and reproducible reversed-phase "high-performance" liquid-chromatographic (HPLC) method hypoxanthine, xanthine, uric acid, allopurinol (4-hydroxypyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine), and oxypurinol(4,6-dihydroxypyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine) concentrations can be determined simultaneously in de-proteinized serum. We use an Amicon MPS-1 centrifugal ultrafiltration device, then inject the de-proteinized ultrafiltrate into a Toyosoda ODS-120A HPLC column and elute with a mobile phase consisting of potassium phosphate buffer (40 mmol/L, pH 2.2) containing 20 mL of methanol per liter. We used this method to investigate purine metabolism in 10 cases of hypouricemia (uric acid concentration in serum less than 60 mumol/L).

Adult↗

PubMed1985

[Study of macrophage in animals treated with immunochemotherapeutic agents].

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Adjuvants, Immunologic↗

PubMed1985

The effects of multiple combination chemotherapy with vincristine, cyclophosphamide (Endoxan), methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin and prednisolone (VEMFAH) for advanced breast cancer.

Thirty-eight patients with advanced breast cancer were treated with the 'VEMFAH' multiple-drug combination chemotherapy, consisting of vincristine (V), cyclophosphamide (Endoxan; E), methotrexate (M), 5-fluorouracil (F), adriamycin (A), and prednisolone (H). Disease response was evaluated by the UICC criteria. Among the 35 evaluable cases, 4 complete responses (CR), 23 partial responses (PR), 2 cases of no change (NC), and 6 of progressive disease (PD) were observed. The response rate (CR + PR) was 77.1%. The median duration of response was 52 weeks (8-192 weeks) or 12 months. In 32 patients who received more than two courses of therapy the 50% survival time of responders was 27.0 months, which was significantly longer than the 10.3 months of nonresponders (P less than 0.05). Except for 2 patients who developed myocardial damage, the therapy was never terminated because of side effects. Cumulative cardiotoxicity was not apparent in this study. This multiple-drug combination chemotherapy with 'VEMFAH' is concluded to be an effective treatment for advanced and disseminated breast cancer.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

Presence of abnormally high incidences of sister chromatid exchanges in three successive cell cycles in Bloom's syndrome lymphocytes.

The frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) were examined in phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated blood lymphocytes of a normal individual, a Bloom's syndrome heterozygote (bl/+), and two Bloom's syndrome homozygotes (bl/bl). To determine the baseline SCE frequencies, lymphocytes were cultured with various concentrations of 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) for two cell cycles. The incidence of SCEs per two cell cycles in bl/bl lymphocytes levelled off at BrdUrd concentrations below 10 micrograms/ml while that in normal and bl/+ lymphocytes stayed constant below 7.5 micrograms/ml. The baseline SCE frequency in bl/bl cells was ten times higher than that in normal and bl/+ cells. At BrdUrd concentrations above 15 micrograms/ml, SCEs in bl/bl cells were induced more frequently than in normal and bl/+ cells. These results indicate that at low concentrations BrdUrd has a minimal effect on the induction of SCEs in all individuals, while at higher concentrations the BrdUrd incorporated in bl/bl cells has a larger effect than that in normal and bl/+ cells. To elucidate the effect of BrdUrd incorporated into the daughter and parental DNA strands on SCE induction, SCEs occurring during each cell cycle were examined separately in three-way or two-way differentially stained, third-cycle metaphases. The incidence of SCEs detected in each cell cycle at 5 micrograms/ml BrdUrd was constant in all individuals and the rates of SCEs in each cell cycle in bl/bl cells were remarkably higher than those observed in normal and bl/+ cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Bloom Syndrome↗

PubMed1985

Effect of rapid addition and dilution of dimethyl sulfoxide on the viability of frozen-thawed rabbit morulae.

The aim of the present study was to examine effects of altering thawing conditions and procedure of addition and dilution of Me2SO on the viability of frozen-thawed rabbit morulae. Five hundred and sixty two rabbit morulae were cooled from room temperature to -80 degrees C at 1 degree C/min in the presence of 1.5 M dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO) using a programmable liquid nitrogen vapor freezing machine with an automatic seeding device, cooled rapidly, and stored in liquid nitrogen. When Me2SO was added in a single step, the frozen embryos were thawed in ambient air at 40 degrees C/min and Me2SO was diluted in a single step, 99 of 107 (93%) embryos cultured for 48 hr and 12 of 32 (38%) embryos transferred to 6 recipients developed to expanding blastocysts and viable fetuses, respectively. When Me2SO was added in a single step and the frozen embryos were thawed at the same rate and transferred directly without removal of Me2SO to culture media or oviducts of 8 recipients, 67 of 75 (89%) embryos cultured and 12 of 40 (30%) embryos transferred developed to expanding blastocysts and viable fetuses, respectively. There were no significant differences between these survival rates and survival rates obtained by conventional method, i.e., frozen embryos were thawed at 4 degrees C/min by interrupted slow method and Me2SO was added and diluted in a stepwise manner.

Animals↗

PubMed1985

Age development and sex differences of various EEG elements in healthy children and adults--quantification by a computerized wave form recognition method.

The EEGs of 1416 healthy subjects aged 6-39 years were recorded and 1 min of background activity from Fp1, C3 and O1, was analyzed by a computerized wave form recognition method. Age development and sex differences of various EEG elements, which are employed in a conventional clinical EEG assessment, were statistically analyzed. The age developments of alpha and theta showed regional differences and were the most rapid in O1 and the slowest in C3. The delta amplitude, theta amplitude, theta continuity and percentage time of theta with an amplitude of 30 microV or more, which are important in a clinical EEG assessment, reached a stable level at 18-21 years of age in the 3 leads. The percentage time, amplitude and continuity of alpha in the 3 leads reached a stable level at 22-25 years of age. Including the low voltage theta in Fp1 and C3, all of the EEG elements reached the stable adult level at 26-29 years of age. Since there was a large interindividual variability in these age developments, the regression curves of the 10th and 90th percentiles of these EEG elements can be considered as quantitative standards for clinical EEG evaluation. As for sex differences, the percentage alpha time and alpha continuity were greater in males than in females after adolescence. The percentage theta time in Fp1 and C3 was greater in females than in males during childhood. The percentage beta time was higher in females than in males at all ages. But overall, these sex differences were minor compared with the differences associated with age developments of the EEG elements.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1985

Gastric leiomyoblastoma with metastases to the liver. A 36-year follow-up study.

A patient presented with large intrahepatic tumoral masses 36 yr after the initial detection of multiple liver metastases during a gastrectomy. The operation had been performed to remove four ulcerated polypoid gastric lesions. Reexamination of the previous liver and gastric biopsy specimens revealed a gastric leiomyoblastoma with metastases to the liver. The smooth muscle origin of this tumor was confirmed by positive staining for desmin intermediate filaments. This very long survival is extremely unusual in cases of metastatic gastric leiomyoblastoma.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1985

Posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm associated with arteriovenous malformation fed by the same artery.

A 37-year-old man presented with a peripheral aneurysm of the left posterior inferior cerebellar artery associated with a more peripheral arteriovenous malformation fed by the same artery. Recurrent subarachnoid hemorrhage occurred from rupture of the aneurysm. Review of the pertinent literature indicates that the aneurysm of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery originates from the peripheral portion of the artery, when associated with arteriovenous malformation.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

Mechanism of intestinal adaptation in rats with acute renal failure.

Acute renal failure (ARF) was experimentally induced in rats and the specific activity of mucosal Na-K-ATPase activity in segments of the small intestine and colon was measured. Bilateral nephrectomy (BN) resulted in a significant evaluation of the enzyme activity in all segments examined. With an additional procedure of adrenalectomy (BN + Ax), the enzyme activity failed to show any increase in ARF rats produced by BN. However, a supplementation of a maintenance dose of dexamethasone to adrenalectomized ARF rats (BN + Ax + DM 10) resulted in a significant resumption of the activity in all intestinal segments, although its increase was insignificant in the duodenum. Addition of a high dose of DOCA (BN + Ax + DOCA 500) was effective in increasing the enzyme activity only in the colon but not in the small intestine. With a high dose of DM or a maintenance dose of DM plus a high dose of DOCA (BN + Ax + DM 30 or BN + Ax + DM 10 + DOCA 500), there was an increase in the enzyme activity of all intestinal segments. In ARF rats induced by bilateral lower ureteral ligation (BLUL), the enzyme activity did not show any increase at all. Addition of a high dose of DOCA to this animal model (BLUL + DOCA 500) brought about the increase of the enzyme activity in the intestinal segments but for the jejunum.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Kidney Injury↗

PubMed1985

The intestinal profile of Na-K-ATPase in three rat models of acute renal failure.

The specific activity of mucosal Na-K-ATPase in segments of the small intestine and colon was examined after bilateral nephrectomies (BN), bilateral upper ureteral ligations (BUUL) and bilateral lower ureteral ligations (BLUL). Animals were studied 22-26 h after these respective operations. Bilateral nephrectomies and bilateral upper ureteral ligations resulted in an increase of the specific activity of the enzyme throughout the mucosa of the intestinal tract. Bilateral lower ureteral ligations induced no significant change in the specific activity of Na-K-ATPase in the intestinal mucosa. There were no differences in the degree of renal failure. Marked aldosteronemia was observed in the BN and the BUUL rats but not in the BLUL rats. These data suggest that the increase in the intestinal Na-K-ATPase activity in the BN and the BUUL rats may be related to the elevation of serum aldosterone as a regulator of the body potassium.

Acute Kidney Injury↗

PubMed1985

Congenital absence of flexor pollicis longus without hypoplasia of thenar muscles.

A 7-year-old girl who was unable to flex her left thumb at the interphalangeal joint proved to have an extremely hypoplastic flexor pollicis longus with normal thenar muscles, which is very rare. The flexor digitorum superficialis of the ring finger was transferred to the inserting portion of the flexor pollicis longus tendon with good results. The patient's cooperation seems to be a factor determining the prognosis.

Child↗

PubMed1985

Mononuclear phagocyte colony formation of human spleen cells in liquid culture.

We found that mononuclear phagocytes formed a distinct number of clusters and colonies on the bottom of a culture dish 7 days later but granulocytes did not, when a large number of human spleen cells were cultured in liquid medium. In all gastric cancer bearers and patients with portal hypertension operated on, however, colony formation was restricted to spleen cells from patients with advanced gastric cancer and from a group of patients with portal hypertension. These spleen cells formed mononuclear phagocyte colonies without the help of exogeneous colony stimulating factor (CSF). We further demonstrated that the colony-forming cells were glass non-adherent and nylon wool adherent, and that spontaneous colony formation required cooperation between the colony-forming cells and colony-stimulating cells adherent to a plastic surface.

Cell Adhesion↗