Biomedical subjects

T Kojima

Publications and source records attributed to T Kojima.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources

PubMed1995

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC)-CREST (calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal dysfunction, sclerodactyly and telangiectasia) overlap syndrome complicated by Sjögren's syndrome and arthritis.

A 36-year-old woman with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC)-CREST (calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal dysfunction, sclerodactyly and telangiectasia) overlap syndrome complicated by Sjögren's syndrome and arthritis is reported. She had suffered from Raynaud's phenomenon, sclerodactyly, morning stiffness, arthralgia and sicca symptoms since 34 years of age. She exhibited an increased level of alkaline phosphatase and hyperglobulinemia at 2.8 g/dl without any symptoms, and histological findings from the biopsy specimen of the liver were consistent with those of PBC. Her human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing was DR8 homozygous.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Suppression of tumor cell growth by anthocyanins in vitro.

Bioflavonoids, extracted from flower petals, were examined for their growth inhibitory effect on cells in culture. They were found to significantly suppress the growth of the cultured cells. Anthocyanins tended to show greater inhibitory effect than other flavonoids. Commercially synthesized or purified aglycones of flavonoids were also studied for their suppression of tumor cells. The anthocyanins were more effective than other flavonoid aglycones, although the aglycones were easily inactivated under the culture conditions.

Anthocyanins↗

PubMed1995

[Greenfield filter placement following successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a patient with sudden death due to pulmonary embolization].

A 54-year-old man was admitted as an emergency following an episode of syncope and severe dyspnea. The clinical presentation and laboratory data strongly suggested pulmonary embolism, so intravenous thrombolytic therapy was performed. Immediately following the initiation of thrombolytic therapy, the patient experienced cardiopulmonary arrest, but he was successfully resuscitated. Ascending venography of the left lower limb demonstrated a large intraluminal thrombus which was apparently floating between the femoral vein and inferior vena cava. In addition to the anticoagulation therapy, a Greenfield filter was implaced intravenously to prevent recurrent embolization.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation↗

PubMed1995

Effect of n-butyric acid on epithelial cell proliferation of pig colonic mucosa in short-term culture.

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) such as acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids produced by hindgut bacteria stimulate gut epithelial cell proliferation through afferent neural and efferent non-neural systemic transmissions beside a probable local mechanism. In the present study, we developed an experimental system using pig hindgut mucosa in short term culture to clarify the mechanism of the local trophic effect of SCFA. Pig mucosal tissue pieces of the distal colon were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium containing glutamine, 20% (v/v) newborn calf serum and n-butyric acid (0, 0.5, 1.0 or 5.0 mmol/L). Crypt cell production rate from 0.5 to 3.5 and from 21 to 24 hours of culture was measured. Butyric acid increased crypt cell production rate of pit distal colon only at 5 mmol/L. The effect of butyric acid did not differ between samples of different length of n-butyric acid exposure. The effect of n-butyric acid in this study resembled to that found in human biopsied specimens of the colon. The present results also indicated that epithelial cells of pig colonic mucosa in short-term culture presented here retained the proliferative activity and the responsiveness to n-butyric acid.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Chemoprevention of the naturally occurring carcinogen 1-hydroxyanthraquinone-induced carcinogenesis by the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin in rats.

The chemopreventive effect of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin (IMC) on 1-hydroxyanthraquinone (1-HA)-induced carcinogenesis was investigated in a total of 69 male ACI/N rats. Animals in Group 1 were fed the diet containing 1.5% 1-HA for 48 weeks. The rats in Group 2 were given the 1-HA diet together with 16 ppm IMC in the drinking water for 48 weeks. Group 3 was given IMC alone throughout the study. Group 4 was served as an untreated control. At the end of the study, the incidences of large bowel and forestomach tumors in Group 2 were significantly smaller than those in Group 1 (large bowel tumors: 0/14 rats, 0% in Group 2 versus 12/27 rats, 44% in Group 1, p < 0.002; forestomach tumors: 2/14 rats, 14% in Group 2 versus 14/27 rats, 52% in Group 1, p < 0.01). Also, the incidences of inflammatory changes including ulcerative colitis and melanosis coli in colonic mucosa of rats of given 1-HA together with IMC were significantly reduced compared with those in rats given 1-HA alone (ulcerative colitis: 2/14 rats, 14% in Group 2 versus 20/27 rats, 74% in Group 1, p < 0.004). Concurrent administration of IMC with 1-HA caused a significant decrease in the bromodeoxyuridine labeling index of the colonic mucosa. These results indicate that the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug IMC inhibits 1-HA-induced carcinogenesis and that this effect in decreasing the cell proliferation.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Comparison of sperm preparation methods. Wash and concentration, swim-up, migration-gravity sedimentation, 80% Percoll and semen filtration column.

The removal of all debris and background, as well as antifertility factors present in seminal fluid, may increase the fertilizing ability of spermatozoa. A number of semen manipulative techniques are currently available to remove the undesirable spermatozoa, debris and other factors and to increase sperm quality before performance of the various assisted reproductive technologies. We compared the impact of the wash and concentration method, swim-up method, 80% Percoll method, migration-gravity sedimentation method and SpermPrep method on postmanipulation sperm quality.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[Recent advance and future of plastic and reconstructive surgery].

Plastic and reconstructive Surgery has progressed very rapidly in the past decade. It is because of free vascularized composite tissue transfer based on progress of microsurgery and anatomical study of blood circulation to skin, fascia, muscle, bone and joint. Adding to this, many new techniques and concepts including craniofacial surgery, laser surgery, tissue expansion method, microvascular coupling device and computer assisted surgery appeared to the field of reconstructive surgery. In this article these main fields of plastic and reconstructive surgery are commented about its present situation and future aspect.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Comparison of plasma total plasmin activities in male and female hypertensive rats.

Plasma total plasmin activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) was lower than in normal Wistar rats, and in male SHR, plasmin activity was higher than that in females. However, this sex-related difference in SHR was less than that observed in our previous study in normal Wistar rats. Furthermore, we and others have reported higher levels of coagulant functions in male than in female rats. These studies were taken to indicate that there is a greater necessity for higher fibrinolytic activity in males than in females. The results of the present study suggest that hypertension is a risk factor of thrombosis in view of the increased fibrinolytic activity, and in SHR there is also a sex-related difference in plasma total plasmin activity.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1995

Symbrachydactyly involving both the hand and foot. A report of two cases.

Symbrachydactyly involving both the hand and foot is extremely rare. Two such cases are described. The first patient was a two-month-old female with symbrachydactyly of the left hand and foot. The second patient was a one-year-old female with symbrachydactyly of the right hand and foot. No other abnormalities were identified. The diagnosis of this congenital anomaly is discussed and the literature reviewed.

Female↗

PubMed1995

[Medulla oblongata compression by tortuous vertebral artery: case report].

We reported a case of a 58-year-old woman who suffered from progressive tetraparesis and sensory disturbance caused by compression of the medulla oblongata brought about by bilateral tortuous vertebral arteries. The neurological examination on admission revealed tetraparesis, sensory disturbance in all modalities below the level of C2, onion-skin pattern sensory disturbance of the face, and motor weakness of the sternocleidomastoid muscles. X-ray films of the cervical spine showed OPLL at the level of C2.3, but on MRI the dural theca was not seen to be compressed at that level. MRI and vertebral angiography demonstrated ventrolateral compression of the medulla oblongata by bilateral tortuous vertebral arteries. After suboccipital craniectomy and C1.4 laminectomy, decompression of the medulla oblongata was performed. Both vertebral arteries were compressing the medulla oblongata at the ventrolateral side. Transposition of the vertebral arteries seemed impossible due to perforating branches to the medulla. After section of the dentate ligaments at C1 level, the medulla oblongata was decompressed and moved backward. Some small pieces of Dacron were inserted between the arteries and the medulla, in order to decrease the pulsatile effect of the vertebral arteries. Postoperatively, the patient's tetraparesis and sensory disturbance gradually improved. There are 6 reported cases concerning compression of the medulla oblongata by the vertebral artery. As MRI becomes more frequently used in neurological situations, it is important to keep the presence of such an entity in mind.

Female↗

PubMed1995

Establishment and characterization of an immature human megakaryoblastic cell line, MEG-A2.

We have established a novel human megakaryoblastic cell line, designated as MEG-A2, from a patient with megakaryoblastic crisis of Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome positive chronic myelogenous leukemia. MEG-A2 cells showed positive phenotypes for periodic acid Schiff and alpha-naphthylbutyrate esterase reactions, but were negative for myeloperoxidase and naphthol ASD chloroacetate esterase reactions. Flow cytometric analyses of cell surface markers revealed that MEG-A2 cells had a low level of GP IIb/IIIa expression as well as apparent expressions of CD4, CD7, CD13, CD33 and CD34 antigens, but no expression of GP Ib nor glycophorin A. Stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) dramatically increased the expression of megakaryocyte-related markers such as HPL-3, J15, Pit-1, Y2/51 and AN51 in MEG-A2 cells. The PMA-stimulation also induced expression of platelet peroxidase (PPO) in MEG-A2 cells on electromicroscopic observation. Proliferative responses to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-3 (IL-3) or erythropoietin were observed, and the expression of GP IIb/IIIa was increased by stimulation with GM-CSF, IL-3, erythropoietin and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Protein S mRNA expression was seen in cultured cells on Northern blot analysis. Expression of platelet factor 4 mRNA was induced in PMA-stimulated cells, and a marked accumulation of protein was observed in the culture medium. In conclusion, a new cell line, MEG-A2, belongs to the relatively immature megakaryocytic lineage and has markedly increased megakaryocytic characteristics with PMA stimulation.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Syndactylic toe transfer for fingertip reconstruction.

In the case of multiple fingertip reconstruction requiring toe transfer, double toes can be elevated in the syndactylic fashion with a single vascular pedicle for transfer, followed by separation a few weeks later. The biggest advantage of this procedure is that the problem of limitation of recipient arteries for multiple toe transfer is solved. We reconstructed fingertips of three patients by this procedure with three variations based on combinations between the wrap-around flap and whole-toe transfer. All three patients survived completely and achieved an aesthetically pleasing result. This report introduces the concept and technique of the syndactylic toe transfer for fingertip reconstruction.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[Studies on thromboxane B2 level in nasal lavage fluid after antigen challenge in patients with allergic rhinitis and guinea pig models].

Thromboxane A2 (TxA2) seems to play an important role in bronchial constriction and hypersensitivity in asthmatics. To study the role of TxA2 in allergic rhinitis, we investigated the levels of thromboxane B2 (TxB2), a stable metabolite of TxA2, in nasal lavage fluid from patients with allergic rhinitis and from actively sensitized guinea pigs after antigen challenge by radioimmunoassay (RIA). There was a significant (p < 0.05) rise in TxB2 levels soon after antigen challenge in nasal lavage fluid from both patients (36.4 +/- 7.5 pg/ml, mean +/- SE) and models (55.6 +/- 21.8 pg/ml). In some of the patients and models, there was an dual rise in TxB2 in the 10 hours after antigen challenge. There was a significant (p < 0.03) correlation between the patients whose levels of TxB2 were re-elevated and them whose nasal airway resistance showed dual rises. These results suggest that TxA2 may contribute to the nasal obstruction in later phase in allergic rhinitis.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Diagnosis of hemophilia B carriers using two novel dinucleotide polymorphisms and Hha I RFLP of the factor IX gene in Japanese subjects.

We identified two novel dinucleotide polymorphisms in intron A at nucleotide 192 (FIX192) and in the 5' flanking region at nucleotide -793 (FIX-793) of the factor IX gene, which are present in normal Japanese. The Hha I restriction fragment length polymorphism (FIX-HhaI) located 8 kb 3' to the factor IX gene was also found to be an efficient marker for detecting carriers in a Japanese family with hemophilia B. Each of these polymorphisms was able to be rapidly ascertained by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. In 22 Japanese families with hemophilia B, 18 families (81.8%) were heterozygous for at least one of these polymorphisms, whereas 11 (50%) were informative for the extragenic DXS99/Sac I RFLP which was previously reported as a useful gene marker for Japanese hemophilia B. Using all 4 polymorphisms together, the informative rate improved to 86.4%. Carrier detection and, possibly, the prenatal diagnosis of hemophilia B can be achieved effectively and rapidly in Japanese with these polymorphisms.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed1995

A quantitative protein S deficiency associated with a novel nonsense mutation and markedly reduced levels of mutated mRNA.

A 50-year-old Japanese man who had experienced recurrent episodes of venous thrombosis was found to have a hereditary protein S deficiency. The amount of total protein S antigen in plasma was reduced by approximately 50% in the patient and his two sons. DNA sequence analysis revealed a novel nonsense mutation, TAG for Gln 522 (CAG), in exon 14 of the protein S gene. Family studies performed by mutagenic PCR followed by restriction enzyme digestion showed that the proband and his two sons were heterozygous for this mutation. An mRNA-based analysis indicated that transcripts of the mutated allele were markedly reduced in the platelets of the affected individuals. Immunoblot analysis failed to detect the truncated mutant of protein S in the plasma or platelets of affected members. Our results demonstrated that this novel nonsense mutation was responsible for the quantitative deficiency of protein S.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1995

Evidence for the production of platelet-activating factor by murine embryos and its putative role in the maternal physiology.

Thrombocytopenia has been shown to be an initial maternal response to conception. We investigated a potent bioactive lipid, platelet-activating factor (PAF), as one of the candidates derived from embryos to induce the decrease of platelet counts in maternal blood. First, we examined the potential of murine embryos to liberate PAF. In brief, twenty to thirty murine two-cell embryos of C57BL/6 mice were cultured in Whitten's medium for 24 h. The supernatant of the medium was collected and the total was extracted. After developing the lipid on thin-layer chromatography, the area corresponding to authentic PAF was scraped off and the lipid was extracted. The embryo-derived PAF was quantified by platelet aggregation using rabbit whole blood, and the presence of PAF was further confirmed by the addition of a PAF-receptor antagonist, SRI63-441. The results showed that a significant amount of PAF (ca. 10 ng/ml) was recovered from the lipid extract, whereas little platelet-aggregating activity was observed in the presence of SRI63-441. Second, the physiological function of murine platelets was examined using authentic PAF. When PAF (up to 83 micrograms/ml) was added to the murine platelets suspended in the whole blood, it neither induced platelet aggregation nor reduced the number of platelets. Considering these results, it is considered that PAF released from the embryos does not directly act on maternal platelets, but transduces its signal to the maternal host via some other bioactive substance.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

A case of autoimmune hemolytic anemia induced by IFN-beta therapy for type-C chronic hepatitis.

A 51-year old woman who had type-C chronic hepatitis developed autoimmune hemolytic anemia after 4 weeks treatment with a total 48 million interferon-beta, 6 million 8 times. Indirect Coomb's test turned from negative to positive through IFN therapy and a complication of asymptomatic primary biliary cirrhosis was confirmed by histologic findings of the biopsied liver which was performed during IFN therapy and a presence of anti-mitochondrial antibody. After stopping IFN therapy and adding prednisolone anemia improved in getting negative indirect Coombs test but remaining positive direct Coombs test.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗

PubMed1995

Non-machinery-based system for cell-free, concentrated autogenous ascitic fluid reinfusion.

A non-machinery-based system for the reinfusion of ascitic fluid was developed and assessed. In fundamental studies utilizing bovine serum, this procedure proved economical, quick and useful. The most suitable filter was PS-R (#405-2). Bovine serum with a protein concentration below 3.0 g/dl was treated using this system. Samples containing blood (prepared to 0.5% hematocrit) were also treated, but the treatment time required was double that of serum with the same protein concentration. In both cases the protein recovery ratios were about 90%. We conducted clinical studies on 62 occasions (machinery-based system; 31 times, non-machinery-based system; 31 times) on 19 cases of ascites refractory to treatment with various drugs including diuretics. Clarification of the differences between the non-machinery-based system, indicated the former to be superior. This new procedure is easier because of its use of no machinery, and the high protein recovery ratio proved its usefulness.

Adult↗