Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Kogure

Publications and source records attributed to T Kogure.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Patient background of the Pokemon phenomenon: questionnaire studies in multiple pediatric clinics.

Many children in Japan developed various neuropsychological problems, including seizures, while watching the program Pocket Monster, televised on 16 December 1997. To examine the basis for this incident, we have performed a survey of volunteering children and their parents who visited our pediatric clinics for other reasons from 8 January to 28 February 1998. Children and their parents filled out questionnaires. Among the total of 662 children surveyed, the great majority (603, 91.1%) was found to have watched the Pocket Monster program and 30 individuals (5.0% of viewers) complained of variable degrees of neuropsychological abnormalities. These included seizures (two cases), headache (nine cases), nausea (eight cases), blurred vision (four cases), vertigo (two cases), dysthymia (two cases) and vomiting (one case). Nearly half (14) of these children developed symptoms during or immediately after watching the program, while the remainder did so later. Representative cases are reported and other statistical aspects are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Visual defect due to chiasmic compression by the A1 portion of the anterior cerebral artery].

Unilateral nasal hemianopia is highly difficult to notice with bilateral vision intact, and only a few cases has been reported. There are several reported cases of quadrantic hemianopsia caused by cerebral lesions, but the defects were found bilaterally in all cases. There is only one reported case of which an aneurysm was believed to be the cause. We confronted 3 cases of unilateral nasal quadrantic hemianopia. In either case no ophthalmologic disorders could be found but magnetic resonance imaging revealed the compression of the optic chiasma by the A1 portion of the anterior cerebral artery. All three cases are presently under conservative therapy and receive routine evaluations. Nerve fibers from the upper and lower areas of the retina are routed complicatedly in the optic nerve in the periphery of the optic chiasma. From the presentation of the quadrantic hemianopia and from the radiological findings, we diagnosed that the visual defect was caused by vascular compression of the optic chiasma.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Detection of a genetic variant, lysine-->glutamic acid at position 372 of human serum albumin, by capillary electrophoresis and structural identification.

A genetic variant of human serum albumin (alloalbumin) is detected by capillary electrophoresis (CE). Two albumin peaks, which were in the ratio of approximately one, were clearly separated. One of the peaks had the same migration time as normal albumin (Alb A) and the other (Alb X) had a longer migration time. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of CNBr fragments (CB) of Alb X indicated that the amino acid substitution was localized in the CB5 fragment (residue 330-446) of the molecule, because of anomalous migration of CB5 in the gel. The CE mapping of the tryptic peptides from the variant CB5 revealed clearly the existence of a new peptide, and the lack of two normal peptides. The sequence analysis of the variant peptide collected by CE micropreparation showed that the N-terminus of the variant peptide corresponded to that of T49 in Alb A. The substitution site, lysine-->glutamic acid at the position 372, was revealed by sequence determination of the variant peptide purified by reversed-phase HPLC.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1997

Molecular and biochemical events within the brain subjected to cerebral ischemia (targets for therapeutical intervention).

We review the molecular and biochemical events that occur within the brain during cerebral ischemia, based on recent investigations of focal cerebral ischemia models. Occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in rats produces focal ischemia. In contrast to the core where ischemia is severe and infarction develops rapidly, areas surrounding the core (called the penumbra) show a more moderate decrease of blood flow and can tolerate longer durations of ischemic stress. Reperfusion and pharmacological interventions can help to salvage the penumbra. Ischemic insult alters the genomic properties of the brain cells and selective production of heat shock proteins can be seen. Heat shock proteins are necessary in the repair of cell integrity, and is thought to be induced as a rescue program. Pre-ischemic induction of these proteins is known to cause ischemic tolerance, and methods to manipulate genes into inducing HSPs may be effective in protecting neurons from ischemia. Genes that promote apoptosis are also expressed after ischemia, and may cause secondary expansion of the infarction. Strategies to denote expression of these genes may be effective in reducing ischemic neuronal death. Activation of the inflammatory cells such as neutrophils and macrophages, in the ischemic region, may cause further post-ischemic damage. Investigations on the role and mechanics of inflammatory systems in ischemic neuronal injury may present a new target for therapeutic intervention against stroke.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Trial of analysis of esophageal wall motion using optical flow method on esophagogram].

Several studies have indicated that the analysis of esophageal motion provides a valid means of identifying esophageal diseases. Although this motion can be seen on esophagogram, its quantification leaves much room for improvement. This study presents a computer method to quantify the apparent motion (optical flow) observed on sequences of esophagogram. This method computes at every point of a sequence of digitized images the two-dimensional velocity vector which characterized its motion from one image to the next image. The information on motion of the esophagus can be displayed by superimposing the local velocity vector on the original image.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1997

Contribution of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 alpha on the production of macrophage inflammatory protein-2 in response to respiratory syncytial virus infection in a murine macrophage cell line, RAW264.7.

The production of several inflammatory cytokines, such as murine macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interleukin (IL)-1, was investigated in response to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in a murine macrophage cell line, RAW264.7, with special reference to mutual relation of their productions. The kinetics of MIP-2 production showed a trend for a biphasic pattern, that is, MIP-2 levels became detectable from 2 h postinfection (p.i.) and increased markedly until 8 h p.i. Thereafter, this level fell to the same level until 16 h p.i. and then increased again. TNF alpha was also detectable at 2 h p.i. and then increased sharply until 8 h p.i., when the peak level attained. Compared with the levels of MIP-2 and TNF alpha, that of IL-1 alpha/beta, especially IL-1 beta, was lower (ng versus pg/ml order). The presence of anti-TNF alpha or anti-IL-1 alpha antibody did not influence the early phase of MIP-2 production but significantly inhibited the late phase, suggesting that MIP-2 is induced by the combined effects of RSV infection via direct induction and indirectly after initial induction of TNF alpha and IL-1 alpha productions. Although RSV-infected RAW264.7 cells had no alteration in viability compared with mock-infected control, these data demonstrate that RSV is a potent inducer of inflammatory cytokines by direct induction and indirectly via the initial production of other cytokines.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Dynamic MR hepatocholangiography with the SIP Fast GRE (saturation inversion projection fast gradient echo) method].

The purpose of this study was to assess the utility of dynamic MR hepatocholangiography with the Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced SIP Fast GRE sequence in the hepatobiliary system. The SIP Fast GRE sequence was used for sequential imaging of the hepatobiliary system with a frame rate of 3 sec in a 256 x 192 matrix. Dynamic sequential acquisition was performed for 51 min before and after the injection of 30 mu mol/kg of Gd-EOB-DTPA in a rabbit. Dynamic images of the hepatobiliary system were obtained in the rabbit study. Dynamic MR hepatocholangiography provides better functional information than conventional MR cholangiography.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Two cases of personal identification from dental information].

We describe two cases in which unknown bodies were positively identified from dental information and biochemical examination using tooth materials. In one case, a charred body was positively identified with little effort by comparison of antemortem dental records (dental chart and dental X-ray film) with postmortem data. In the other case, although the unknown individual had dental treatment, the police were unable to obtain the antemortem dental records of the victim. We then conducted biochemical analysis of teeth, facilitating personal identification using DNA analysis and age estimation based on aspartic acid racemization. The mutation obtained from the sequence of mtDNA and the genotypes of HLADQ alpha, HPRTB and ABO blood groups including the data for estimated age supported the kinship between the unknown individual and his mother. The data for maternally inherited mtDNA were of great importance in this case, since it was possible to obtain DNA from the mother. Dental identification in one of the most accurate methods of personal identification if suitable antemortem records are available. In the absence of such records, biochemical analysis of teeth also makes it possible to increase the probability of correct personal identification.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Simple purification method of the antiphospholipid antibody from normal human plasma.

We have reported that rabbit serum contains a phospholipid (PL)/ganglioside-binding protein which adsorbs to Sephacryl S-400 gel and agglutinates human red blood cells. A new protein similar to the PL/ganglioside-binding protein was simply purified from normal human plasma using Sephacryl S-400, Sepharose CL-4B and DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B columns. The purified protein was found to agglutinate rabbit red blood cells. The hemagglutination was specifically inhibited by two PL, phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol, but not by any other PL, gangliosides, saccharides or glycoproteins tested. From analyses of the N-terminal amino acid sequence and immunological specificity, the protein was identified to be a human immunoglobulin M.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

[Analytical evaluation of compression and displacement of the esophagus and trachea due to right aortic arch with MR imaging].

We studied 12 cases of right aortic arch (RAA) with MRI, and the anatomical relationship between right aortic arch and the esophagus and trachea were analysed. Three of 12 cases showed RAA with mirror-image branching. Nine cases were RAA with aberrant left subclavian artery. The proximal portion of the aberrant left subclavian artery in the retrotracheoesophageal space was expanded just like a pouch. The pouch was the 8th segment dorsal aortic root and the so-called aortic diverticulum. This was one of the causes of symptoms such as wheezing and dysphagia. We divided the configuration of aortic diverticulum into two types, bulging type and saccular type, on the basis of coronal images. Two cases were bulging type, seven saccular type. The axial images in two cases showed compressed esophagus, and in three cases showed displacement of the trachea, narrowing of the space like a triangle surrounded by the aortic arch, aortic diverticulum and aberrant left subclavian artery. We drew lines and measured the angle of the aortic arch with the aberrant left subclavian artery on the axial images of these cases. We found that cases with an angle of less than 60 degrees showed a high correlation with the causes of compression of the esophagus or displacement of the trachea. It was necessary to follow such patients with MRI.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Identification and purification of a novel phospholipid/ganglioside-binding protein in rabbit serum.

We have isolated a novel phospholipid/ganglioside-binding protein from rabbit sera or platelet-free plasma. Using an affinity chromatography of a commercial gel (Sephacryl S-series gel, Pharmacia) column and a preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the protein can be easily purified. The protein agglutinates human red cells irrespective of the ABO blood types, and its hemagglutination reaction is specifically inhibited by some phospholipids (phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylglycerol) and ganglioside (N-acetylneuraminyl-galactosylglucosyl ceramide, GM3). The hemagglutination and its inhibition reactions are independent on any divalent cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Ni2+). The protein seems to be assembled as multimers of disulfide-bonded molecular of 86 kDa and 59 kDa subunits.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[An autopsy case of corticobasal degeneration clinically misdiagnosed as Pick's disease].

We report a 69-year-old woman who was clinically diagnosed as having a frontal lobe-type of Pick's disease. The initial symptoms were personality changes and problematic behaviors. The patient showed intellectual decline, "stehende Redensarten" and abnormal attitude in interpersonal situations such as inattentiveness and indifference in the course of the disease. Brain CT revealed a marked atrophy of the frontal lobes. In the terminal stage the patient had severe dementia, mutism, parkinsonism and cervical dystonia. Neuropathologically, there was a marked atrophy of the frontal lobes. The superior frontal gyrus was most severely atrophic. Histological study revealed mild to moderate loss of neurons, hyperplasia of protoplasmic astrocytes and many balooned neurons in the deep layers of the atrophied cerebral cortex. Severe neuronal loss was even seen only in a part of the superior frontal gyrus. The cerebral white manner showed marked diffuse fibrillary gliosis. There was neuronal loss with gliosis in the thalamus, lentiform nucleus, subthalamic nucleus, substantia nigra and inferior olivary nucleus. Marked gliosis was seen in the midbrain and pontine tegmentum. Sections from several levels of the spinal cord also showed marked gliosis of the gray matter. Antibodies against human tau stained massive argyrophilic thread-like structures and oligodendroglial microtubular masses in the affected lesions. Neurofibrillary tangles were localized in the hippocampus and parahippocampal region. Neither Pick's body nor senile plaque were observed. Corticobasal degeneration (CBD) is a neurodegenerative disease initially presenting with unilateral motor disturbances. Typical initial symptoms are rigidity, akinesia and apraxia of an affected arm. The clinical phenotype might depend upon the affected areas of the cerebral cortex. Our patient initially exhibited personality changes and was clinically diagnosed as having Pick's disease. Although our case had unusual distribution pattern of the cerebral atrophy, it was pathologically diagnosed as CBD. The review of the literature suggests the presence of clinical varieties in CBD.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Clear skeletal visualization on whole body 201Tl-chloride scintigraphy: a case of prostatic cancer with diffuse bone metastases].

A 70-yr-old man who was diagnosed as early gastric cancer showed leukocytopenia after total gastrectomy. Osteosclerotic findings on radiography were not remarkable. 99mTc-HMDP bone scintigraphy showed diffusely increased uptake in the axial skeleton, but visualization of the kidney and urinary bladder was apparent. However, whole body 201Tl-chloride scintigraphy showed diffuse abnormal visualization of axial skeleton. Physical and ultrasonographic examination indicated no abnormality in prostate. Afterward, further investigation, including bone marrow biopsy and immunohistochemical study, confirmed the diagnosis of bone metastasis from prostatic cancer. Microscopically, metastatic tumor cells were located in the intertrabecular space. Furthermore, no osteoclastic bone resorption or new trabecular bone formation was seen in this biopsy specimen. These findings suggest that whole body 201Tl-chloride scintigraphy can be a useful non-invasive diagnostic tool to investigate patients with suspicious malignancy in the bone marrow.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Radioimmunodetection of cancer of gastrointestinal tract and liver metastasis with I-131 anti-CEA and I-131 anti-CA19-9 monoclonal antibody cocktail (IMACIS-1).

We evaluated the intravenous infusion of a cocktail of I-131 anti-CEA and anti-CA19-9 monoclonal antibody F(ab')2 (IMACIS-1) in patients with gastrointestinal neoplasm and liver metastases in order to assess its efficacy in detecting the presence of cancer. Seven patients with primary or recurrent gastrointestinal cancer in whom liver metastases were also detected were studied. Accumulation of radioactivity in the primary tumor was seen in only one patient. Visualization of the liver metastases was achieved in all patients. Thus detection of liver metastasis was better than in primary or recurrent tumors. While tumor visualization was most often seen in the 3 day image, optimal visualization of the tumor was seen at 5-7 days. There was no correlation between the serum concentration of CEA or CA19-9 and the visualization of tumors. Serum kinetics of I-131 IMACIS-1 showed biexponential components with a 1st phase T1/2 of 5.0 hours and 2nd phase T1/2 of 34.7 hours. The mean whole body (I-131) half-life determined from the whole-body scans was 1.95 days. The mean urinary excretion of I-131 in 7 days was 85%. This value agreed closely with total radioactivity retention detected by scanning. This series of studies demonstrated the potential utility of a cocktail of antibodies consisting of an anti-CEA and an anti-CA19-9 monoclonal F(ab')2.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Biosynthesis of the blood group P antigen-like GalNAc beta 1-->3Gal beta 1-->4GlcNAc/Glc structure: kinetic evidence for the responsibility of N-acetylglucosaminyl-transferase.

Previously we reported the occurrence of UDP-GalNAc:Gal beta 1-->4GlcNAc/Glc beta-1,3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity in human plasma. Here, the donor substrate specificity of the enzyme partially purified from blood group O plasma was investigated by means of competition experiments with analogs of donor. The enzyme activity was found to be inhibited most strongly by UDP-GlcNAc among the nucleotide sugars tested, and UDP was the best inhibitor among test nucleotides. UDP-GlcNAc was much more inhibitory than UDP, whereas UDP-GalNAc was much less inhibitory than UDP. These results show that the donor-binding site of enzyme has a high affinity for UDP-GlcNAc, but not UDP-GalNAc, suggesting that the enzyme essentially functions in the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine. Indeed, UDP-GlcNAc:Gal beta 1-->4GlcNAc/Glc beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity is known to occur in human plasma. The ratio of N-acetylgalactosamine to N-acetylglucosamine transferred to lactose with O or B plasma was 1:20 when assayed separately at 1 microM of donor, but increased to 1.2:1 at 5 mM. The nearly identical ratio was obtained with the partially purified enzyme preparation.

Binding, Competitive↗