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Biomedical subjects

T Kodama

Publications and source records attributed to T Kodama.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

A rare case of typical carcinoid of the lung coincident with thymoma.

The present report describes a 42-year-old woman with a coin lesion of the upper lobe of the right lung, preoperatively diagnosed as a small cell lung carcinoma of unusually slow growth. The preoperative workup revealed a mass in the mediastinum, diagnosed as a thymoma. Accordingly, a right upper lobectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection, followed by a radical thymectomy, were performed. The resected pulmonary specimen was histologically diagnosed as a typical carcinoid and the mediastinal mass as a mixed type thymoma with microscopic invasion. The postoperative course was uneventful. The patient is doing well with no sign of recurrence one year after her operation. To our knowledge, the coincidence of a bronchopulmonary carcinoid and thymoma is believed to be the first such case reported in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Reoperation for mitral valve disease].

From 1978 to March 1994, 95 patients underwent repeated open heart surgery for mitral valve diseases. There were 48 men and 47 women. The mean age was 50 and the mean interval between initial and second operation was 8 years. The initial operations were OMC in 39, MAP in 13, OMC+MAP in 11, MVR in 30 and AVR in 2 patients. The hospital death occurred in 31 cases (32.6%). In recent cases, however the hospital death were reduced to 4 (14.8%). This was attributed to the change in myocardial protection from previous intermittent antegrade crystalloid to recent continuous combined antegrade and retrograde cardioplegia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Clinical efficacy of arbekacin in deep MRSA infection. Including follow-up study after the termination of chemotherapy].

We analyzed the efficacy of arbekacin (ABK) using monotherapy or combined therapy on deep MRSA infection to find the most adequate usage of the drug. We also followed-up the isolation incidence of MRSA after the end of chemotherapy. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Clinical efficacy of ABK on 29 pneumonia and 3 septicemia due to MRSA was 42.9% in ABK monotherapy (9 patients), 62.5% in combined therapy with ABK and minocycline (9 patients), 100% with ABK and imipenem/cilastatin (IPM/CS) (7 patients), and 100% with ABK and other drugs (7 patients). 2. As for microbiological efficacy, combined therapy with ABK and IPM/CS or other drug was superior to other methods. Among patients from whom two or more species of bacteria were isolated, causative bacteria persisted in many cases, and some replacements occurred. 3. Kidney functions deteriorated in two patients that underwent monotherapy or combined therapy with ABK and IPM/CS, but they recovered when therapy was completed the completion. 4. In the three month follow-up study after ABK therapy, we found four cases of renewed infections after disappearance of MRSA. When just decreases in the number of MRSA resulted upon the chemotherapy, the relapse occurred in all cases. 5. Above results indicate that ABK is effective in MRSA infection, and combined therapy with beta-lactams is superior to other methods in serious MRSA infections. We also suggest that chemotherapy should be continued until the complete disappearance of MRSA is achieved.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Surgical treatment of infective endocarditis].

Since 1976, 37 patients have undergone valve replacement for infective endocarditis at our institute. Twenty patients required surgery during the active stage and 17 in the inactive stage. The former group consisted of 17 native and three prosthetic valve endocarditis, and all patients in the latter group had native valve endocarditis. Eighteen patients had AVRs, 15 had MVRs and four had DVRs. Congestive heart failure was the indication for surgery in 80% of the active and 100% of the inactive group. There were nine early deaths (45%) and one late death in the active group, and one early (6%) and one late death in the inactive group. Operative mortality in the active group, however, has recently been reduced to 30% for the 10 patients operated upon in the past two years. Two patients with active endocarditis were complicated by rupture of cerebral mycotic aneurysms postoperatively and resulted in one early and one late death, respectively. It is suggested that timely surgical intervention according to the hemodynamic state of the patients is essential in reducing early mortality in infective endocarditis. Attention should be paid to cerebral mycotic aneurysm as one of the problems affecting on postoperative mortality and morbidity.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Detection of human papillomavirus DNA and state of p53 gene in Japanese penile cancer.

The frequency of integration with human papillomavirus (HPV) and its genotypes in Japanese penile cancer was examined with relation to p53 gene mutations using polymerase chain reaction amplification. Tissues were obtained from 13 patients (eight from freshly frozen and five from paraffin-embedded samples). HPV DNA was detected in seven out of the 13 (54%), and their genotypes were type 16 in four, type 31 in one and type 33 in two cases. Neither HPV-detected nor -undetected tissues showed mutated alterations in exons 4-9 of p53 genes. The results suggest HPV to be, at least to some extent, involved in the oncogenesis of penile cancer, and that p53 gene mutations may not correlate with the development of penile cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[A study of nosocomial infections by the comparison of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa].

The objective of this study was to investigate nosocomial infections by the comparison of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We made a serological classification of 262 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa between 1983 and 1991. Group E strains were prevalent in 1987 and group F strains after 1990. Both these groups strains were resistant to several antibiotics, and were scarcely detected from the appendix contents in appendicitis that originated outside the hospital. Therefore we presumed these were nosocomial pathogens. With the countermeasures to nosocomial infections from 1987 on the isolation rate of enterotoxin type B and C MRSA strains decreased. Following this MRSA change, almost group E strains disappeared in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Whereas type AC MRSA began to isolated abruptly from 1990, and the isolation of group F strains increased simultaneously. Type B and C strains still remained high sensitivity to minocycline. Type AC which have already gotten resistance to minocycline took the place of type B and C and prevalented. Similarly group F in Pseudomonas aeruginosa took the place of group E as soon as the former acquired resistance to carbapenem.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1994

Cerebral blood flow study in patients with moyamoya disease evaluated by IMP SPECT.

UNLABELLED: We studied the usefulness of IMP SPECT with acetazolamide in 16 patients with moyamoya disease. Cerebral angiography was performed for all patients who were classified in three grades according to their angiographic stages. METHODS: Techniques used included ring-type emission computed tomography with a minicomputer system. Patients received 111 MBq of 123I-IMP and SPECT images were obtained 20 min postinjection. Nine patients were studied using iodoamphetamine (IMP) SPECT with and without acetazolamide. IMP SPECT with acetazolamide was performed 20 min after each injection of 1 g of acetazolamide. RESULTS: Low perfusion areas in the upper and lower frontal, parietal and temporal regions in grades 2 and 3 using IMP SPECT were observed. The mean cerebral-to-cerebellar activity ratios (C/C ratio) of six regions (upper and lower frontal, temporal, parietal occipital and basal ganglia) in grades 1, 2 and 3 were 0.96 to 1.06, 0.91 to 0.96 and 0.76 to 0.88, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that measurement of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) elucidates cerebral hemodynamic factors, including the reactivity of cerebral vessels which cannot be detected angiographically in patients with moyamoya disease, and that the acetazolamide test is useful for detecting cerebral blood flow reserve. The test can be used to detect disease progress prospectively.

Acetazolamide↗
PubMed1993

A synthetic model of collagen structure taken from bovine macrophage scavenger receptor.

A putative collagen structure from macrophage scavenger receptors binds to a wide range of ligands. In order to elucidate the ligand's binding mode, this collagen structure was constructed using short peptides. This was accomplished by the reaction of a tri-bromoacetylated branched peptide with a purified unprotected 25-residue peptide, which contained Cys, 4 repeats of triplet, Gly-Pro-Hyp, and 12 residues from the bovine of the N-terminus cross-linked tripeptide show that it forms a collagen structure below 10 degrees C and an extended structure at high temperature with a midpoint of 20 degrees C.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Purification of form L2 RubisCO from a marine obligately autotrophic hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium, Hydrogenovibrio marinus strain MH-110.

Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO) was purified from an obligately autotrophic hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium, Hydrogenovibrio marinus MH-110. The protein has a M(r) value of approximately 110,000, and is composed of two identical subunits of 55,000. To our knowledge, the existence of L2-form RubisCO in a chemolithoautotrophic bacterium is first reported in this paper. The N-terminal amino acid sequence determination of the purified enzyme showed high homology with those of the L2-form RubisCO of Rhodospirillum rubrum and the Lx-form RubisCO from Rhodobacter sphaeroides.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Desensitization of canine histamine H2 receptor expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells.

Canine histamine H2 receptor DNA was transfected into Chinese hamster ovary cells using an expression vector. Expression of H2 receptors was demonstrated by immunoblotting with specific antibodies and the binding of tiotidine, an H2 receptor antagonist. H2 receptor-specific cAMP production was observed only in the cells expressing canine H2 receptor with 10(-9)-10(-4) M histamine in a dose-dependent manner. Preincubation of transfected cells with 10 microM histamine for 10 min or 60 min at 37 degrees C decreased both the maximal response and the sensitivity of the subsequent histamine-stimulated cAMP production, showing desensitization. Under these circumstances, tiotidine binding was decreased by 25% in intact cells. A similar decrease in the tiotidine binding was observed also in the membrane without changes in the affinity, whereas no decrease in total H2 receptor number was observed. Thus, desensitization of histamine H2 receptor was associated with the sequestration of receptors.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1993

Purification and properties of two truncated endoglucanases produced in Escherichia coli harbouring Clostridium cellulolyticum endoglucanase gene celCCD.

The endoglucanase gene, celCCD, of Clostridium cellulolyticum has been expressed in Escherichia coli. Multiple active polypeptides were detected in the E. coli cells. The relative molecular mass (M(r)) of two major active polypeptides were 56,000 (D56) and 38,000 (D38), which were smaller than the deduced M(r) of the mature protein (63,401). D56 and D38 were purified from the periplasmic fraction. The N-terminal sequences of the two purified polypeptides were identical to that of the mature endoglucanase (Ala-Ile-Asn-Ser-Gln-Asp-Met-Val---) deduced from the nucleotide sequence. These data indicated that these polypeptides were produced by processing the original mature protein in the C-terminal region. The enzymatic properties of these two polypeptides were very similar, except that the specific activity of D38 was 2-3.5-fold higher than that of D56, and D38 was more heat stable than D56.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

A study on postoperative enteritis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

We investigated the production of staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) with respect to coagulase types by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). A total of 138 strains of MRSA, which were isolated from clinical materials in the surgical ward between 1983 and 1990, were studied. Coagulase type IV strains produced SE A only, whereas coagulase type II strains were classified into four groups by SE production: SE B producing strains (32.7%), SE C producing strains (29.8%), SE B and C coproducing strains (12.5%), and SE A and C coproducing strains (25.0%). Almost all of the organisms (nine of ten) which were isolated from the feces of patients with MRSA enteritis were SE A and C coproducing strains. The coincidence in time of the prevalence of MRSA enteritis and the isolation SE A and C coproducing strains also demonstrated that these strains caused MRSA enteritis. Although SE C producing strains and SE A and C coproducing strains were simultaneously prevalent in 1990, the former tended to be sensitive while the latter tended to be resistant to minocycline. Considering the variety of antibiotic sensitivity in coagulase type II strains, it is thus considered to be of critical importance for epidemiologic purposes to further characterize isolates by SE typing.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Effect of chronic treatment with enalapril on glucose tolerance and serum insulin in non-insulin-resistant Japanese patients with essential hypertension.

The effect of enalapril, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, on glucose tolerance and serum insulin response to a glucose load has been evaluated in 8 non-obese patients (3 women and 5 men) with untreated essential hypertension (WHO Stage I or II) and without insulin resistance. Following a 2-month run-in control period, each patient received oral enalapril 10 mg once daily for 6 months, and an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was performed at the end of the run-in control and active treatment periods. Treatment with enalapril significantly lowered both the systolic and diastolic blood pressures. The response of plasma glucose to the IVGTT, glucose disappearance rate (k-value) and area under the serum insulin concentration time curve were comparable between the two phases. The results suggest that long-term treatment with enalapril has no effect on glucose tolerance in non-obese, non-insulin-resistant patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Mucin-producing pancreatic tumors: a study of nuclear DNA content by flow cytometry.

Nuclear DNA content in eight surgically resected mucin-producing pancreatic tumors (MPPT) consisting of two mucinous intraductal adenocarcinomas (MIDAC), two mucinous intraductal adenomas (MIDA), one mucinous cyst-adenocarcinoma (MCAC), and three mucinous cystadenomas (MCA) were measured by flow cytometry using paraffin-embedded tissue samples. The technique of Shutte was used for the preparation of paraffin-embedded tissue into single dissociated nuclei, while the method of Vindelov was used for staining the isolated nuclei with propidium iodine. Clinicopathologically, the four patients with MIDAC or MIDA were all male and had cystic lesions with a dilated pancreatic duct at the head of the pancreas, while the four patients with MCAC or MCA were all females and had cystic tumors at either the body or tail of the pancreas. All eight patients with MPPT had no metastasis to the regional lymph nodes and were all still alive without recurrence. In an analysis of nuclear DNA content, seven of eight patients had DNA diploid tumors while one patient with a MIDAC perforating the duodenum and choledochus had a DNA aneuploid tumor. Thus, these findings suggest that DNA diploid patterns in MPPT might be associated with a favorable prognosis in MPPT although some patients whose MPPT invaded the surrounding organs might have DNA aneuploid tumors.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗