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Biomedical subjects

T Kitano

Publications and source records attributed to T Kitano.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[IGF-1 levels in elderly patients during perioperative period].

In the present study, concentrations of serum cortisol, ACTH, IRI, growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) were measured in 24 surgical patients. Patients were divided into two groups, elderly group (n = 12, age > or = 60, mean age: 68.4 +/- 1.3) and younger group (n = 12, age < 60, mean age: 44.5 +/- 3.5). The samples were taken before and immediately after surgery and on days 1 and 2 postoperatively. Serum levels of cortisol, ACTH, IRI and growth hormone increased significantly after surgery compared to baseline values but they showed no significant differences between elderly group and younger group. Only serum IGF-1 levels were significantly different between them. They were at consistently lower levels in elderly group throughout this study. In contrast, they decreased significantly after surgery, but high IGF-1 levels were maintained in younger group. Catabolic condition shown by negative nitrogen balance is induced after surgery. IGF-1 has potential anabolic effect in human. The pharmacological approach using IGF-1 in the elderly surgical patients will be necessary in order to improve their overall conditions before and after surgery in the future.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1995

Ten-year longitudinal clinical evaluation of a visible light cured posterior composite resin.

Using modified USPHS criteria, we evaluated annually for ten years 91 cases restored with visible light cured posterior composite resin LFP (Base resin: UDMA; filler: micro crushed type, alumino-silicate, barium glass and silica, 85 wt%, 74 vol%). The 91 cases restored with LFP decreased to 68 in ten years. Of the 23 cases that were lost, one resulted from a pulpal reaction immediately following restoration, four were extracted owing to periodontal disease or extrusion of third molars, two became abutments owing to loss of an adjacent tooth, eight had recurrent caries, and eight were lost owing to caries on a surface having no relationship to the composite resin restoration. Because we observed comparatively little wear, good marginal adaptability, and no discoloration, we concluded that the ten-year clinical success of LFP was on the whole very good, and that this resin has adequate clinical merit as a restorative material for posterior teeth when restricted to restorations covering comparatively small areas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Mercury].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

[Effect of pirenzepine on gastric mucosal blood flow in patients after cardiac surgery].

Effect of pirenzepine on gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF) in adult patients after coronary artery bypass grafting and mitral and aortic valve replacement was evaluated by using endoscopic laser-Doppler velocimetry. Heart rate, blood pressure and cardiac output increased temporarily after intravenous administration of pirenzepine 20 mg. GMBF also increased with these hemodynamic changes. However, GMBF remained significantly higher even after the decrease of cardiac output. Therefore, the increase in GMBF, which might be due in part to increase in cardiac output, could be explained by pirenzepine's own effect on gastric mucosa. Since the GMBF is one of the most important gastric mucosal defensive factors, pirenzepine may be useful in preventing acute gastric mucosal lesions in patients with low cardiac output.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Evaluation of a new nitric oxide delivery system during mechanical ventilation].

A new nitric oxide delivery and continuous monitoring system is described. During mechanical ventilation, this new system connected with Siemens Servo 900C ventilator was shown to be able to provide a constant inspired NO concentration (10-100 ppm) using chemiluminescence technique for NO analysis. Gas was analysed at the mixing chamber in front of the ventilator inlet and inspiratory tube connected with the soda-lime carbon-dioxide absorber. Both NO concentrations showed a good correlation (r = 0.99). The actual NO concentration from the NO supply cylinder was 1154 ppm and NO2 concentration was 14 ppm. In mongrel dogs, after 20 minutes of NO inhalation (10-100 ppm), the blood methemoglobin level reached a peak value of 2.2% starting from the pre-inhalation level of 0%. To optimize the safety of the clinical application of NO, its concentration should be measured continuously with chemiluminescence technique.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Clinical experience of extracorporeal life support with the use of centrifugal pump ECMO].

Many reports have documented the good results with the use of extracorporeal life support in severe respiratory and circulatory failure. In our institution, we have used the centrifugal pump (Bioconsol 540: Biomedicus Co. Ltd.) ECMO for extracorporeal life support, and obtained good results in three cases. We used V-V bypass ECMO in one case (idiopathic interstitial pneumonia) and V-A by-pass ECMO in other two cases (ARDS and meconium aspiration syndrome). Duration of total bypass in three cases were 34, 51 and 140 hours, respectively. Recent reports on the use of centrifugal pump have indicated that it can bring excellent results of circulatory assist for cardiogenic shock. Compared to the roller pump method, the use of centrifugal pump ECMO was very simple, and could serve as an effective method for providing improvement in a relatively short period.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Continuous hematocrit monitoring method in an extracorporeal circulation system and its application for automatic control of blood volume during artificial kidney treatment.

A two-frequency electrical conductivity method for measuring hematocrit has been developed for use in the continuous monitoring of circulating blood volume during artificial kidney treatment. Using this method, an algorithm for programmed control of blood volume also has been developed. This hematocrit measurement method is based on the beta-dispersion of blood conductivity, and the values measured during hemodialysis are in good agreement with the laboratory hematocrit values obtained by a Coulter counter. Programmed control of blood volume was used 29 times on 11 patients undergoing long-term dialysis. In each case, the blood volume was maintained within 2.5% of the desired level, and stable control was achieved even with disturbances caused by eating, change in body position, and so on. These methods can be used to study the relationship between blood volume and dialysis-induced hypotension during artificial kidney treatment and to achieve adequate ultrafiltration without clinical adverse effects.

Blood Volume↗
PubMed1993

[Difference by sex and age of mercury concentration in red blood cells].

The mercury concentration in red blood cells (RBCs) is one of the most useful indicators for people exposed to methylmercury. Sex- and age-related differences in mercury concentrations in red blood cells were studied by considering fish consumption in 1,253 adults (511 males and 742 females) participating in a mass health examination conducted in a town of Kumamoto Prefecture in 1989. The results were as follows: 1. The mercury concentrations in RBCs showed lognormal distributions for both sexes with a higher mode in males than in females. The geometric mean of the mercury concentrations in the RBCs was 28.5 ng/g (ranging from 5.6 to 71.0 ng/g) for males and 20.4 ng/g (ranging from 3.7 to 70.4 ng/g) for females and was significantly higher in males than in females. The mercury concentration in RBCs decreased with aging for both sexes. 2. The mercury concentrations in RBCs significantly increased with the amount of fish consumption for both sexes. The mercury concentrations in RBCs were significantly higher in drinkers than in non-drinkers for males and the concentrations increased significantly with body weight for females. 3. The mercury concentrations in RBCs were higher in males than in females and decreased with aging for both sexes under conditions of a constant level of fish consumption. 4. In couples who consumed same amount of fish, the mercury concentrations in RBCs were significantly higher in husbands than in wives. These results suggest that the mercury concentrations in RBCs are higher in males than in females and decreases with aging under a constant level of fish consumption.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Immunopharmacological evaluation of bucillamine in rheumatoid arthritis.

Seventy six patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with bucillamine, a novel immunomodulating drug with no antiinflammatory effects, were evaluated in terms of the immunomodulating effects. Clinical symptoms and laboratory data, including lymphocyte subset changes, were followed for 12 or more months. Long-term administration of bucillamine markedly improved arthritis and suppressed the titre of rheumatoid arthritis haemagglutination. Flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood T cell subsets showed that bucillamine induced a characteristic increase in the cell constituent ratio of CD4+CD45RA+ T cells. Decreases in CD4+CD45RO+ T cells, CD8+HLA-DR+ T cells and CD5+ B cells were considered characteristic features induced by bucillamine administration.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Expression of the differentiated phenotype of chondrocytes in newly synthesized acetabulum.

Human cartilaginous cells produce two types of proteoglycan monomers (PGI and PGII) distinguishable by their molecular size in density gradient centrifugation under dissociative conditions. In order to determine whether connective tissues on the sliding surface of the acetabulum on an endoprosthesis are able to differentiate into cartilaginous tissue, we made histological and biochemical analysis of the incorporation of 35S and the distribution of the molecular size of proteoglycans produced. Histologically, dense collagen fibers were observed both on weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing surfaces, but there was little evidence of cartilaginous metaplasia. Biochemical analysis, however, demonstrated that incorporation of 35S in newly synthesized glycosaminoglycan (GAG) was higher than that in non-cartilaginous tissues, suggesting that cartilaginous differentiation of mesenchymal tissues had occurred.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1993

[Intranasal administration of nitroglycerin solution and nitroglycerin spray during general anesthesia].

Nitroglycerin spray is a newly developed nitroglycerin (TNG) form, which delivers 0.3 mg of TNG with each spray emission. We compared the efficacy of intranasal administration of TNG spray and that of TNG solution during general anesthesia. Nineteen patients were randomly assigned to receive either 0.3 mg TNG solution (Solution group) or 0.3 mg TNG spray (Spray group) intranasally. Peak elevation of plasma TNG occurred 2 min after drug administration in both groups, and the plasma level decreased to an ineffective level after 10 min. The plasma TNG of the spray group was significantly higher than that of the solution group for 3 min. Two min after drug administration, systolic blood pressure decreased significantly in both groups, and this level persisted for 10 min. Diastolic blood pressure also decreased in the spray group, but not in the solution group. Heart rate increased significantly in both groups 2 min after drug administration. Oxygen index (PaO2/FIO2) decreased significantly in both groups, and the level persisted 10 min after administration. Although no significant differences were found between two nitroglycerin forms in any of these hemodynamic and respiratory parameters, nitroglycerin spray may have clinical advantages because of reliability in its effect, ready availability, ease of application and high stability.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1993

[The alteration of right ventricular performance in patients with pneumonectomy and pulmonary lobectomy].

Elevation of right ventricular afterload associated with the decrease of pulmonary vascular bed is a serious problem immediately after pneumonectomy. We studied the alteration of right ventricular performance and hemodynamics by using an RVEF thermodilution catheter, and compared them among 6 patients after pneumonectomy and 8 patients after pulmonary lobectomy. Results demonstrate that 1) PVRI increased significantly immediately after the pneumonectomy, and recovered to the preoperative level on the 1st postoperative day. On the other hand, in the lobectomy patients, PVRI showed no significant change throughout the operation, because the decrease of pulmonary vascular bed after pneumonectomy was larger than that after pulmonary lobectomy. 2) In the pneumonectomy group, CI and RVEF were preserved and right ventricular works (RCWI and RSWI) increased in spite of an increase of right ventricular afterload after the ligation of the pulmonary artery. We considered that immediately after pneumonectomy the increase of right ventricular afterload associated with decreased pulmonary vascular bed was compensated by increasing right ventricular work. 3) On the 1st postoperative day, CI and RVEF did not change, but mRAP decreased significantly, and PVRI and right ventricular works recovered to the preoperative level in the pneumonectomy patients. From the above results, we considered that after the pneumonectomy, increased right ventricular afterload was compensated by the decreased circulating blood volume.

Hemodynamics↗
PubMed1993

[Interleukin-6 and glucocorticosteroid responses to cardiopulmonary bypass].

The responses of interleukin-6 (IL-6), ACTH, cortisol, WBC, CRP to cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were studied in 5 patients who underwent elective CABG (N = 4) and AVR (N = 1). IL-6 started to increase from 3 h after the beginning of the operation at which aortic clamp was removed and reached a peak after 4 h at which CPB was withdrawn. ACTH also reached a peak after 4 h. The increase of cortisol started from 2 h when aorta was clamped, which was earlier than that of IL-6. IL-6 and ACTH fell sharply to pre-CPB levels before first postoperative day (1 POD) while cortisol remained high postoperatively. CRP level and WBC counts were maximum at 2 POD. The results suggest that the cortisol response to CPB is not only caused by IL-6, but also by other factors, such as IL-1 and TNF.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1993

Biochemical changes associated with the symptomatic human intervertebral disk.

Significant changes in disk biochemistry were evident in the nuclei pulposi of 25 symptomatic disks that demonstrated abnormal diskography. Compared with the results from ten normal disk from young subjects (mean age, ten years) and from ten asymptomatic disks from adult patients (mean age, 33 years), the symptomatic disks demonstrated significantly greater collagen content than the young and asymptomatic adult subjects, respectively. Significantly fewer total glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and significantly less water content were also evident for the diseased disks. The mean pH of the nucleus pulposus from 23 patients was also significantly reduced for the symptomatic disks as compared with the mean pH measured for four asymptomatic adult subjects. Although significantly fewer total GAGs were observed for the symptomatic disks, there were no significant differences in the percent composition of hyaluronic acid (HA), chondroitin sulfate (CS), or keratan sulfate (KS) among the normal and symptomatic disks. Significant changes in disk biochemistry are associated with the symptomatic disk, and these changes could contribute to the development of the painful disk syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Anesthetic management of a patient for giant pulmonary bulla drainage].

Recently it is claimed that the drainage procedure may be a useful method for giant pulmonary bulla in compromised patients. We reported the anesthetic managements of three patients with giant bulla for these procedures. We chose epidural anesthesia in order to prepare for the postoperative analgesia and the expansion of surgical procedure. In selecting circulatory support method, care was taken to choose dobutamine that would cause no suppression of hypoxic ventilatory drive. There is no doubt that right ventricular function is particularly important in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. We measured right ventricular ejection fraction by thermodilution method and end-tidal CO2 by nasal cannula. These measurements may be useful methods for perioperative monitoring.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Anesthetic consideration of a patient with congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis].

Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis is a rare disorder but several clinical anesthetic experiences have been reported in Japan. We anesthetized a patient with this disorder for orthopedic operation with a low concentration of sevoflurane under monitoring of body temperature and we measured the concentrations of plasma ADH, cortisol and catecholamines levels before, during and after the operation. There were no problems during anesthesia and the patient awoke rapidly. ADH, cortisol and epinephrine concentrations showed slight elevations during and after the operation. The management of intraoperative body temperature and the necessary level of anesthesia were also discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Cortisol responses to rapid ACTH test in patients with multiple organ failure].

Cortisol concentrations are usually elevated in sepsis, during major surgery and in burns. Adrenocortical response to stress seems to be essential for survival. To investigate the endogenous adrenocortical response to multiple organ failure, rapid ACTH stimulation tests were used in 15 patients. Patients were divided to nonsurvival group and survival group. Patients in both groups appeared to have increased adrenocortical activity, because basal cortisol concentrations were above normal (non-survival group: 33.8 +/- 13.7 micrograms.dl-1, survival group: 19.1 +/- 3.8). There are no significant differences between the two groups. We could not find absolutely adrenal insufficient patient. Plasma cortisol concentrations increased significantly in patients of both groups following ACTH stimulation. We found poor response to ACTH in two patients in non-survival group with very high basal cortisol concentrations. But there is no significant difference of cortisol response between the two groups. We could not determine whether the high mortality is associated with poor response to ACTH or not.

Adrenal Cortex↗