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Biomedical subjects

T Kitani

Publications and source records attributed to T Kitani.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Ultrastructural analysis of membrane-bound polysomes in human myeloma cells.

We prepared ultra-thin sections of human myeloma cells, in which the rER was cut tangentially, and studied the make-up and distribution of membrane-bound polysomes electromicroscopically. In IgG myeloma large and small polysomes were detected. The polysome distribution curve showed a high peak at 7 ribosomes and a lower peak at 17-18 ribosomes. IgA-, IgD- and IgE myeloma, as well as macroglobulinemia, showed peaks at 7 and 13 ribosomes. BJP myeloma manifested a sharp peak only at 7 ribosomes. Our results suggest that BJP myeloma has only small polysomes participating in L-chain synthesis, while the other myelomas exhibited large and small polysomes participating in H- and L-chain synthesis, respectively. The quantitative ratio of small and large polysomes was determined on the basis of an analytically corrected direct count.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

The membrane phenotype of T-prolymphocytic leukaemia.

Cells from 13 cases of T-prolymphocytic leukaemia (T-PLL) were studied with a battery of immunological techniques in order to define their membrane phenotype. All cases were E-rosette positive and were negative with OKT6, anti-HLA-DR, anti-Ig and M-rosettes; in 3, 20-30% of the cells had receptors for C3b. 7 cases had predominantly a 'helper/inducer' T-subset phenotype, (OKT4+, OKT8-) and 4 had a 'suppressor/cytotoxic' phenotype (OKT8+, OKT4-). Cells in 2 cases coexpressed OKT4 and OKT8 in 48% and 95% of prolymphocytes and in another, both OKT4 and OKT8 were negative. Terminal transferase (TdT) was negative by IF in all the cases, but a low positive level was detected biochemically in one. Although T-PLL appears to be heterogenous in respect of membrane phenotype, the observation of unexpected features in 8 of the cases raises the possibility that it may originate in a cell of intermediate maturation between late thymocytes and mature T-lymphocytes. These features plus the clinical manifestation of the disease - typical morphology, splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, skin lesions, high WBC and aggressive clinical course - help define T-PLL as a distinct clinicopathological entity.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Lymphocyte abnormality in human myotonic dystrophy and experimental drug-induced myotonia.

In the cytoplasm of peripheral blood lymphocytes in 3 of 13 patients with myotonic dystrophy, myelin-like structures were observed electronmicroscopically. Some were connected to the cytoplasmic membranes, and some were surrounded by a limiting membrane possessing acid phosphatase activity. These findings suggest an aberration of cytoplasmic membranes in lymphocytes. Similar structures had appeared in lymphocytes of normal rats that became myotonic with 20, 25-diazacholesterol. These findings suggest that a primary genetic defect in human myotonic dystrophy, which participates in the formation of myelin-like structures in lymphocytes, might be also responsible for the occurrence of a myotonic phenomenon.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Effect of sodium loading and depletion on cyclic nucleotides in plasma and aorta. Interaction between prostacyclin and cyclic nucleotides.

The present study evaluated the effect of sodium loading and sodium depletion on cAMP and cGMP content of rat aorta. Enhanced generation of prostacyclin (PGI2) in aorta was noticed in sodium loading and sodium-depletion. As PGI2 is potent vasoactive agent, the interaction between PGI2 generation in the aorta and cyclic nucleotide accumulation in the aorta was investigated. Sodium depletion of rats induced the elevation of both cAMP and cGMP in the aorta and of cAMP in plasma. No change in cyclic nucleotides was noticed following sodium loading. These changes in cyclic nucleotides were felt to reflect the fluctuation of vasoactive agents under various sodium metabolism conditions. These observations may indicate that PGI2 is not a major factor in the regulation of cyclic nucleotide metabolism under sodium loading and sodium depletion. The increased accumulation of cAMP and cGMP in rat aorta in sodium depletion may be due to the cumulative effects of PGI2, catecholamine and probably angiotension II which are induced by sodium depletion.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1982

Studies of human T gamma cells: division of a T gamma subset in normal and leukemic cells by using anti-T gamma-CLL heteroantiserum.

A specific heteroantiserum was prepared against the leukemic cells from a patient with T-derived chronic lymphocytic leukemia (T-CLL). The anti-serum was absorbed with cells of a morphologically different type from another patient with T-CLL. Both the immunizing cells and absorbing cells had Fc receptor for IgG (Fc gamma R), so the former case was named T gamma-CLL type 1, and the latter T gamma-CLL type 2. This antiserum, termed anti-T gamma-1, reacted with 19% of normal peripheral blood T lymphocytes, but not with non-T lymphocytes or monocytes. The T lymphocytes in the blood that reacted to anti-T gamma-1 were 72% of the T gamma cells. Anti-T gamma-1 also reacted to 60-78% of the thymocytes. Except for T gamma-CLL type 1 cells, anti-T gamma-1 did not react with various types of leukemia cells from lymphoid malignancies, myelogenous leukemias and monocytic leukemias. Studies on the relation between anti-T gamma-1 and OKT8 monoclonal antibody revealed that anti-T gamma-1 reactive (anti-T gamma-1+) cells and OKT8+ cells largely overlapped, but they were different in part. More interestingly, OKT8 inhibited Fc gamma R binding, but anti-T gamma-1 did not. These results indicate that anti-T gamma-1 is useful for detecting a certain subset of T cells and for classifying lymphoproliferative disorders.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1982

[Effects of cefoxitin in the treatment of severe infections in patients with hematopoietic disorders].

Cefoxitin (CFX) at a daily dose of 3 to 12 grams was administered to patients who had hematopoietic disorders as underlying diseases and having severe infections. Efficacy and safety of the drug were evaluated. The underlying diseases in the 64 patients included in the evaluation of efficacy were acute myelocytic leukemia (30 cases), acute lymphocytic leukemia (9), acute promyelocytic leukemia (3), acute monocytic leukemia (2), chronic myelocytic leukemia-blastic crisis (10), erythroleukemia (2), malignant lymphoma (2), aplastic anemia (2), and others (4). The infections were septicemia in 3 patients, suspected septicemia in 47, respiratory tract infections in 7, oral infections in 3, urinary tract infections in 2, and others in 2. The clinical efficacy of CFX was 'excellent' in 13 patients, 'good' in 26, 'fair' in 6, 'poor' in 19 for an efficacy rate of 60.9%. The efficacy rate classified according to infections was 66.7% in septicemia, 66.0% in suspected septicemia, 42.9% in respiratory tract infections and 66.7% in oral infection. The organisms isolated from the patients with septicemia were E. coli in 2 patients and B. cereus in 1. B. cereus was not susceptible to CFX. The efficacy rate was 60.0% in the 10 patients whose causative organisms were identified and 61.1% in the 54 patients whose causative organisms were not identified. There was no significant difference in the efficacy rate between the patients who had failed to respond to prior antibiotic therapy and those treated with CFX from the beginning. The efficacy rates for the former group (23 patients) and for the latter group (41 patients) were 56.5% and 63.4%, respectively. The efficacy rate in patients with an initial neutrophil count less than 500/mm3 (35 cases) and from 501 to 1,000/mm3 (13 cases) were 57.1% and 76.9%, respectively. Side effects which might have been caused by CFX were skin eruptions in 2 patients (2.6%) and transient elevation of GOT and GPT in 1 patient (1.3%) among 76 patients who were evaluated for safety. CFX was considered to be a markedly useful and safe drug in the treatment of patients with hematopoietic disorders who developed severe infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Effects of detergent on ornithine decarboxylase from rat liver. Stabilization and renaturation.

Ornithine decarboxylase was purified approximately 37000-fold with a 15% yield from livers of rats pretreated with thioacetamide. The specific activity of the final preparation, 1039 units/mg protein, was about four-times higher than the highest yet reported for the rat liver enzyme. The partially purified enzyme was quite labile but the labile enzyme was dramatically stabilized by the presence of either ethylene glycol or Tween 80. The detergent appeared to serve not only stabilization of the enzyme but also renaturation of the denatured enzyme.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Quantification of platelet-associated IgG with competitive solid-phase enzyme immunoassay.

In order to measure platelet-associated IgG (PAIgG), we devised a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay employing a competitive binding of peroxidase-conjugated anti-IgG antiserum between platelets and polystyrene tubes coated with IgG. The amounts of peroxidase bound to the tubes were measured in a spectrophotometer by an enzymatic reaction. This method is highly sensitive, reproducible and can be carried out more simply. the PAIgG values of normal controls averaged 21.6 +/- 6.6 (SD) ng/10(7) platelets. 27 (93%) of 29 patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), who had a platelet count of less than 15 X 10(4)/microliter, had PAIgG values greater than those of controls by 2 SD and averaged 205.5 +/- 323 ng. There was a significant inverse correlation between platelet count and PAIgG value of ITP patients. the PAIgG values of patients with aplastic anemia were within normal range.

Adolescent↗