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Biomedical subjects

T Kido

Publications and source records attributed to T Kido.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Microvascular decompression for cochlear symptoms.

OBJECT: The object of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a new neurovascular decompression technique in relieving symptoms of cochlear nerve dysfunction. METHODS: Nineteen patients with slowly progressive hearing loss, low-frequency fluctuating hearing loss, and high-pitched tinnitus due to neurovascular compression (NVC) of the eighth cranial nerve in a triangular space between the seventh and eighth cranial nerves (the VII-VIII triangle) of the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) were treated using a new technique for microvascular decompression that was developed by anatomical study in 24 cadaver specimens of the CPA. In 12 of 19 patients the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) was observed to cause compression in the VII-VIII triangle and this vessel was easily mobilized medially for placement of a silicone sponge or Teflon cushion between the compressing artery and nerve. Postoperatively, hearing loss of 20 dB or more that was present in 11 of the 19 patients with NVC improved by more than 5 dB in seven (64%), including the patient with the most severe hearing loss. Of 18 patients presenting with tinnitus preoperatively, eight (44%) had no tinnitus and an additional nine (for a total of 94%) had good improvement in tinnitus after surgery and at long-term follow up. CONCLUSIONS: The microvascular decompression technique described is highly successful in treating symptoms due to direct or indirect compression of the cochlear nerve, with minimal risk of complications. Recordings of auditory brainstem responses confirmed the clinical diagnosis of NVC of the eighth cranial nerve and correlated with clinical results after microvascular decompression of the cochlear nerve.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Rapid and prominent up-regulation of high-affinity receptor for immunoglobulin G (Fc gamma RI) by cross-linking of beta 2 integrins on polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Receptors for the Fc region (FcR) of immunoglobulin (Ig)G play essential roles in effector functions of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) including the antibody-mediated clearance of microbes. In contrast to the constitutive expression of the low-affinity receptors for IgG (Fc gamma RII [CD32] and Fc gamma RIII [CD16]), the high-affinity receptor Fc gamma RI (CD64) is barely detectable on unactivated PMNs. CD64 expression is induced in a slow kinetic manner by interferon (IFN)-gamma and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) after 12 to 24 hours of exposure to these agents. We found that the cross-linking of CD11b as well as of CD18 induced comparable rapid increases in CD64 expression on the surface of PMNs, occurring within 15 minutes of exposure. Cross-linking of neither CD11a nor CD11c induced CD64 expression. In contrast to slow induction by IFN-gamma and G-CSF, the integrin-induced rapid CD64 expression did not require RNA synthesis. Genistein, herbimycin A, and 1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy)ethan-N,N-N',N'-tetraacetic acid blocked the immediate expression of CD64 in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that the signal is mediated through calcium mobilization and protein tyrosine kinase(s). Such rapid modulation of the high-affinity Fc gamma RI receptor by integrin cross-linking may reflect the requirement for rapid up-regulation of PMN effector functions, after interaction with endothelial cells, platelets or bacteria.

CD11 Antigens↗
PubMed2000

[Improvement in quality of life with vinorelbine as a single agent in two patients with recurrent lung cancer].

Two patients with lung cancer that recurred after surgery and chemotherapy were administered vinorelbine (20 mg/m2) as a single agent on days 1 and 8 every 4 weeks. Patient 1 had recurrences in both lung lobes and metastases in the bone and liver after surgery, while patient 2 had a recurrence in the left lung lobe and metastases in the brain and liver after prior chemotherapy. In both patients, vinorelbine treatment improved several clinical indicators of cancer symptomatology including serum LDH, levels of other clinical blood tests, as well as a subjective assessment of the quality of life (QOL). Both patients were discharged from the hospital and subsequently treated on an outpatient basis. Because recurrent lung cancer patients generally have a poor performance status, chemotherapy for these patients is thought to worsen the QOL and increase hospital stays. The present report suggests that vinorelbine, as a single agent, might improve the QOL and make it possible to treat recurrent lung cancer patients on an outpatient basis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1999

Effect of Hochu-ekki-to (TJ-41), a Japanese herbal medicine, on the survival of mice infected with influenza virus.

The antiviral effect of Hochu-ekki-to (TJ-41), a Japanese herbal medicine, was investigated using mice infected with influenza virus. TJ-41 was found to increase the survival rate, prolong the mean survival days, suppress viral growth in bronchoalveolar labage fluid (BALF) and inhibit the lung index (lung consolidation) on day 4 after infection in mice infected with influenza, after the agent had been administered orally once daily from day 7 to 2 before infection and from day 0 to 4 after infection. Administration of TJ-41 decreased the BALF concentrations of IL-1alpha, IL-6 and GM-CSF, but not TNF-alpha or interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), on day 4 after infection. In addition, TJ-41 elevated the level of IFN-alpha in BALF on day 2 after infection. Yet, TJ-41 did not show any inhibitory effect on the growth of influenza virus in vitro. These results suggest that TJ-41 exerts its inhibitory effect on influenza virus infection via enhancement of the host immune responses in this experimental murine system.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1999

Relationship between urinary cadmium and mortality among inhabitants living in a cadmium polluted area in Japan.

A 15 year follow-up study of 3119 inhabitants living in a cadmium polluted area was conducted to investigate the influence of environmental cadmium exposure on the mortality. The cumulative survival curves of the subjects with urinary cadmium concentration > or = 10 microg/g creatinine was lower than that of the subjects with < 10 microg/g creatinine in the men aged 50-59 and 60-69 years and in the women aged 60-69 and 70-79 years. In the men aged 50-69 years and the all aged women, the cumulative survival curves became lower in proportion to the increase of urinary cadmium concentration, when the subjects were divided into four groups according to the amount of urinary cadmium concentration (< 5, 5-9.9, 10.1-19.9, > or = 20 microg/g creatinine). These results suggested a dose response relationship between cadmium exposure and mortality.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Efficient gene transfer by hybrid retroviral vectors to murine spermatogenic cells.

Using murine spermatogenic cell lines GC-1 spg and GC-2 spd(ts) as target cells, an attempt was made to design a retroviral vector that would transduce genes efficiently. Promoter activities of various retroviral long terminal repeats (LTRs) were examined by using chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) as a reporter. The U3 region of spleen focus-forming virus (SFFVp) showed higher enhancer activity than that of Moloney murine leukemia virus (Mo-MuLV) in both cell lines. The U3 region of myeloproliferative sarcoma virus (MPSV) showed higher activity only in GC-1 spg cells. Expression was suppressed by the repressor element of the primer-binding site (PBS) of the Moloney-related virus. The efficiency of transduction of the multidrug-resistance gene (mdr-1) by an Mo-MuLV-based vector was compared with hybrid vectors consisting of the murine embryonic stem cell virus (MESV) PBS and the LTR of either SFFVp or MPSV. Rhodamine efflux assays and colchicine-resistant colony-forming assays demonstrated higher gene expression by the hybrid vectors. Amphotropic and ecotropic receptors were found to be expressed and functional in both cell lines. Thus, these hybrid vectors represent a powerful tool by which to transfer genes into spermatogenic cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Resection of anterior mediastinal masses through an infrasternal approach.

A video-assisted surgical technique for benign anterior mediastinal lesions is described. In 3 patients, the Laparolift system was used to lift the lower sternum before resection. This operation is less invasive and cosmetically more pleasing than median sternotomy. Unlike thoracoscopy, this procedure avoids opening the chest and can be performed in patients with pleural adhesions or pulmonary insufficiency in whom differential lung ventilation is impossible. At present, this technique is considered suitable only for benign lesions.

Choristoma↗
PubMed1999

Proliferation of parathyroid cells negatively correlates with expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein in secondary parathyroid hyperplasia.

BACKGROUND: Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is now suspected to act as an autocrine or paracrine regulator of cell growth or differentiation, although it was originally reported as a hypercalcemic substance in malignancies. This study was performed to assess the relationship between PTHrP expression and cell proliferation in human parathyroid glands. METHODS: The localization of PTH and PTHrP was studied in 42 samples of hyperplastic parathyroid from 14 long-term hemodialysis cases with immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Results were compared with proliferative activity (proliferating cell nuclear antigen index: counts of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells/100 cells). The localization of the PTH/PTHrP receptor was also examined. Ten normal glands were studied as controls. RESULTS: In hyperplasia, cells positive for PTH, PTHrP, or both were observed immunohistochemically. The areas expressing PTHrP mRNA completely coincided with those positive for PTHrP immunohistochemically. Oxyphilic or transitional oxyphilic cells were consistently positive for PTHrP. PTH/PTHrP receptors were located in the cytoplasmic membrane in most parathyroid cells. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells were rare in normal glands with an index of 0. 22 +/- 0.09 (mean +/- sem). They were significantly increased in hyperplastic cases but less for PTHrP-positive than for -negative cells (1.25 +/- 0.16 as compared with 7.80 +/- 0.52; P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The observed low level of proliferation of PTHrP-positive cells suggests a functional role for PTHrP as a possible growth suppressor in the human parathyroid.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Comparative study of biocompatibility between the open circuit and closed circuit in cardiopulmonary bypass.

The theoretical benefit of a centrifugal pump or heparin coating demonstrated through in vitro or in vivo studies is not recognizable in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during chemical open heart surgery. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the interface of air and blood in current CPB with an open circuit system and its relative significance in relationship to the heparin dose and heparin coating. Using the same oxygenator and circuit, an open circuit and closed circuit CPB with the same priming volume were prepared for a 4 h perfusion experiment using diluted and heparinized (3.6 U/ml) fresh human blood. In these experiments, both heparin-coated and noncoated circuits were examined. Blood was sampled before and 2, 30, 60, 120, and 240 min after the start of perfusion, and the platelet and white blood cell counts and beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) and C3a levels were measured. The amount of adsorbed protein in the hollow fibers was also measured after retrieval. Although the results demonstrated significantly better biocompatibility of the heparin-coated circuit than the noncoated circuit, the difference between the open and closed circuits was unexpectedly small and insignificant with either the heparin-coated circuit or noncoated circuit. In contrast, the C3a level was higher in the closed circuit than the open circuit. However, the amount of adsorbed protein was markedly lower in the closed circuit (0.7 microgram/cm2) than in the open circuit (11.1 micrograms/cm2). An immunoblot of the adsorbed protein showed a higher density of fibrinogen bands and conversion to fibrin in the open circuit. We speculate that the lower blood C3a level in the open circuit suggests that C3a was taken in by the adsorbed protein. In conclusion, analysis of the adsorbed protein indicates the lower biocompatibility of the open circuit. Similar experiments with less heparin use and more severe conditions will be necessary to elucidate the essential benefit of making a CPB closed circuit.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1999

Associations of the angiotensinogen gene (M235T, T174M) and the angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene (I/D) with blood pressure in Japanese workers.

Blood pressure may be influenced by several polymorphisms associated with hypertension, such as the angiotensinogen gene (M235T, T174M) and the angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene (I/D). We investigated the associations of these polymorphisms with blood pressure and components of the renin-angiotensin system in Japanese workers. Additionally, we examined whether the polymorphisms were independently associated with blood pressure when other factors were taken into consideration in a general linear model. The study population, which was entirely Japanese, consisted of 196 male subjects. Subjects were selected from workers who received a company health examination. Systolic blood pressure of the M235T MM genotype was significantly higher than that of the MT genotype. Diastolic blood pressure of the M235T MM genotype was significantly higher than that of the MT or TT genotypes. Serum ACE activity of the ACE II genotype was significantly lower than that of the ID or DD genotypes. Multivariate analysis using a general linear model, including age and body mass index, demonstrated that the M235T MM genotype was one of the independent factors affecting blood pressure. The present study demonstrated that the M235T MM genotype was independently associated with systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in Japanese male workers.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Stimulative effect of dietary protein on the phosphorylation of p70 S6 kinase in the skeletal muscle and liver of food-deprived rats.

The effect of dietary protein on p70S6k phosphorylation was examined in rats starved for 18 h and then fed either a 20% casein diet (20C) or a protein-free diet (0C). Refeeding the 20C diet, but not the 0C diet, increased p70S6k phosphorylation in both the skeletal muscle and liver. The plasma insulin concentrations were the same after refeeding the 20C or 0C diet, suggesting that a combination of dietary protein and insulin may be required to stimulate p70S6k phosphorylation.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Characterization of breast masses by dynamic enhanced MR imaging. A logistic regression analysis.

PURPOSE: To identify features useful for differentiation between malignant and benign breast neoplasms using multivariate analysis of findings by MR imaging. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a retrospective analysis, 61 patients with 64 breast masses underwent MR imaging and the time-signal intensity curves for precontrast dynamic postcontrast images were quantitatively analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using a logistic regression model, which was prospectively tested in another 34 patients with suspected breast masses. RESULTS: Univariate analysis revealed that the reliable indicators for malignancy were first the appearance of the tumor border, followed by the washout ratio, internal architecture after contrast enhancement, and peak time. The factors significantly associated with malignancy were irregular tumor border, followed by washout ratio, internal architecture, and peak time. For differentiation between benignity and malignancy, the maximum cut-off point was to be found between 0.47 and 0.51. In a prospective application of this model, 91% of the lesions were accurately discriminated as benign or malignant lesions. CONCLUSION: Combination of contrast-enhanced dynamic and postcontrast-enhanced MR imaging provided accurate data for the diagnosis of malignant neoplasms of the breast. The model had an accuracy of 91% (sensitivity 90%, specificity 93%).

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Relationship between shift work and onset of hypertension in a cohort of manual workers.

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the possibility of a relationship between blood pressure level and rotating 3-shift work in a prospective follow-up of workers in a zipper and aluminum sash factory in Japan. METHODS: Altogether 1551 men aged 18-49 years were followed prospectively for 5 years, and the cumulative incidence of hypertension among 3-shift workers was compared with that of day workers. A multiple logistic analysis was used for adjusting for base-line characteristics such as age, body mass index, blood pressure, and drinking habit. RESULTS: In the younger age group, the relative risk of the rotating 3-shift workers during the observational period was increased compared with that of day workers after adjustment for the confounding factors. In the older group, the cumulative incidence of hypertension was not higher for workers who had continued shift work. However, a relatively high risk of hypertension was found for workers who converted from 3-shift work to day work when compared with those who remained on shift work and day work. CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that there is an association between 3-shift work and blood pressure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Postoperative respiratory management in patients undergoing radical surgery with three fields lymph node dissection for thoracic esophageal cancer: clinical benefits of assisted ventilation with mini-tracheostomy].

The benefits of early extubation and assisted ventilation with mini-tracheostomy and preventive positive pressure ventilation in the early stage after thoracic esophageal cancer operation are examined and compared. Subjects were 23 patients who underwent radical operation for thoracic esophageal cancer in our hospital over a 5 year period. Ten patients (A group) underwent positive pressure ventilation with postoperative intubation for a certain period. Thirteen patients (B group) were extubated the day after operation, then immediately mini-tracheostomized, and then intermittent high-frequency jet ventilation during the daytime and pressure controlled ventilation during the nighttime were conducted. There were no differences in background factors between the two groups. The mean period of tracheal intubation was 8.8 days in the A group and 1.6 days in the B group. The mean period of stay in ICU was 13 days in the A group and 7 days in the B group. Both such periods were significantly shorter in the B group than in the A group. Respiratory control by early extubation and mini-tracheostomy after thoracic esophageal cancer operation is considered to have the following two benefits; 1. The method is performed safely, and makes sputum suction easier and assisted respiration conductible. 2. The method reduces the incidence of pulmonary complications and shortens the period of stay in ICU.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Position of immobilization after dislocation of the shoulder. A cadaveric study.

BACKGROUND: After reduction of a shoulder dislocation, the torn edges of a Bankart lesion need to be approximated for healing during immobilization. The position of immobilization has traditionally been adduction and internal rotation, but there is little direct evidence to support or discredit the use of this position. The purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between the position of the arm and the coaptation of the edges of a simulated Bankart lesion created in cadaveric shoulders. METHODS: Ten thawed fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders were used for experimentation. All of the muscles were removed to expose the joint capsule. A simulated Bankart lesion was created by sectioning the anteroinferior aspect of the capsule from the labrum. With linear transducers attached to the anteroinferior and inferior portions of the Bankart lesion, the opening and closing of the lesion were recorded with the arm in 0, 30, 45, and 60 degrees of elevation in the coronal and sagittal planes as well as with the arm in rotation from full internal to full external rotation in 10-degree increments. RESULTS: With the arm in adduction, the edges of the simulated Bankart lesion were coapted in the range from full internal rotation to 30 degrees of external rotation. With the arm in 30 degrees of flexion or abduction, the edges of the lesion were coapted in neutral and internal rotation but were separated in external rotation. At 45 and 60 degrees of flexion or abduction, the edges were separated regardless of rotation. CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrated that, in the cadaveric shoulder, there was a so-called coaptation zone in which the edges of a simulated Bankart lesion were kept approximated without the surrounding muscles.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[Pulmonary malignant fibrous histiocytoma (inflammatory type) showing intracavitary fungus ball-like shadow].

We report a rare case of primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the lung showing intracavitary fungus ball-like shadows. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed no visible tumor, but adenocarcinoma cells were detected in samples of lavage fluid from the cavitary lesion. Staging procedures (T 2 N 0 M 0) confirmed that there were no metastatic lesions. A complete resection of the left lower lobe was performed. The tumor showed polypoid growth that obstructed a small peripheral bronchus, and formed a cavitary lesion. It was histologically diagnosed as an inflammatory type of malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and consisted of atypical histiocyte-like cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, foamy cells, and fibroblast-like cells in a storiform pattern. The patient has been in complete remission for 3 years after surgery.

Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous↗
PubMed1999

[A case of surgical resection of metastatic multiple lung pheochromocytoma with long-term survival].

A case of resection of metastatic multiple lung malignant pheochromocytoma is presented. Seven years before, total resection of the right adrenal gland and the right kidney was performed to remove a pheochromocytoma. During the post-surgical observation in the urology outpatient clinic, the blood noradrenalin concentration increased and multiple lung metastatic nidi were observed by chest X-ray. An excision was made to remove 3 wedge-shape metastatic nidi from both lungs. In the third year after the removal of the pulmonary metastatic nidi, a resection was again performed due to recurrence in the left retroperitoneal lymph node. Another recurrence was found in the S6 liver 1 year after the removal of the lymph node, and TAE and PEIT were conducted. When the recurrent metastatic nidi were found, the blood noradrenalin concentration was elevated, and it normalized after treatment. In this case, careful and long-term observation including monitoring the blood noradrenalin concentration in the outpatient clinic and positive surgical treatment proved effective. The patient is currently in good health without signs of recurrence 12 years after the removal of the primary adrenal nidus and 6 years after the removal of the pulmonary metastatic nidus.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗