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Biomedical subjects

T Keane

Publications and source records attributed to T Keane.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Carcinoma of the subglottis. Results of initial radical radiation.

During the 12-year period 1971 to 1982, 23 patients with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the subglottis were treated with initial radical radiation therapy. There were 19 men and four women, with a mean age of 64 years. Five patients had T1 tumors, four had T2, three had T3, and 11 had T4. The actuarial overall and cause-specific survival rates were 26% and 61%, respectively. Local control was achieved with initial radiation therapy in 16 patients (70%). Subsequent local control was achieved in one other patient following surgery for recurrence, giving an ultimate local control figure of 74% (17 of 23 patients). All patients with T1, T2, and T3 disease achieved local control with initial treatment; however, seven of the 11 patients with T4 disease either had residual disease following radiation therapy or developed local recurrence on follow-up.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Malignant duodenocolic fistula. Report of a case and review of the literature.

Malignant duodenocolic fistulas are rare; the most common cause is carcinoma of the ascending or hepatic flexure of the right colon. Thirteen cases reported to date have been treated by right hemicolectomy combined with a Whipple procedure, with a 46 percent 2.5-year survival. A case is reported in which stapling devices facilitated an extended Whipple procedure.

Colonic Diseases↗
PubMed1987

Acute radiation-induced pulmonary damage: a clinical study on the response to fractionated radiation therapy.

Acute radiation-induced pulmonary damage can be a significant cause of morbidity in radiation therapy of the thorax. A prospective, clinical study was conducted to obtain dose-response data on acute pulmonary damage caused by fractionated radiation therapy. The endpoint was a visible increase in lung density within the irradiated volume on a computed tomographic (CT) examination as observed independently by three diagnostic radiologists. Fifty-four patients with various malignancies of the thorax completed the study. CT chest scans were taken before and at preselected times following radiotherapy. To represent different fractionation schedules of equivalent biological effect, the estimated single dose (ED) model, ED = D X N-0.377 X T-0.058 was used in which D was the average lung dose within the high dose region in cGy, N was the number of fractions, and T was the overall treatment time in days. Patients were grouped according to ED and the percent incidence of pulmonary damage for each group was determined. Total average lung doses ranged from 29.8 Gy to 53.6 Gy given in 10 to 30 fractions over a range of 12 to 60 days. Five patient groups with incidence ranging from 30% (ED of 930) to 90% (ED of 1150) were obtained. The resulting dose-response curve predicted a 50% incidence level at an ED value (ED50) of 1000 +/- 40 ED units. This value represents fractionation schedules equivalent to a total average lung dose of 32.9 Gy given in 15 fractions over 19 days. Over the linear portion of the dose-response curve, a 5% increase in ED (or total dose if N and T remain constant), predicts a 12% increase in the incidence of acute radiation-induced pulmonary damage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Antibodies to spermatozoa: XI. The use of immunobeads for the detection of sperm antibodies in serum.

Two procedures were developed and evaluated that used either larger or smaller volumes for the detection of sperm antibodies in serum by means of an indirect immunobead test (IBT). The immunobeads, coated with rabbit antibody to each of the major human immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, or IgM), were mixed with preparations of donor sperm, onto which antibody had been coated by passive transfer from various serum samples. The results of the IBT could be evaluated in various ways: (1) positive or negative; (2) if positive, whether binding is to the tail, the head, or the head and tail of the sperm cells; (3) if positive, whether binding is by IgG, IgA, or IgM. The diverse IBT results were obtained from a group of 50 serum samples; these sera were also tested by two sperm agglutination methods; the gelatin agglutination test (GAT) and the tube-slide agglutination test (TSAT). There was an excellent agreement between the IBT and the GAT; it was not as good between the IBT and the TSAT. However, considering both agglutination methods together, 90% of the IBT-positive sera were agglutination-positive. In terms of morphological sites, tail binding occurred in 27 of 31 sera, head binding in 12 of 31 sera, and head-tail binding in 15 of 31 sera. The number with tail binding was very close to the number that were GAT-positive (26). As for the immunoglobulins, the most frequent class was IgG. IgA was 83% as frequent and IgM was only 25% as frequent as IgG.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antibodies↗
PubMed1984

Results and toxicity of the treatment of anal canal carcinoma by radiation therapy or radiation therapy and chemotherapy.

The results of treating anal canal carcinoma by radical external beam radiation alone (RT) or by combined 5-fluorouracil, mitomycin C and radiation (FUMIR), were compared in nonrandomized groups of patients treated in a single center. In each treatment regimen, surgery was reserved for those patients with residual carcinoma. The uncorrected 5-year survival rate in each group was approximately 70%, but primary tumor control was achieved in 93% (28/30) with FUMIR compared to 60% (15/25) treated with RT. Acute hematologic and enterocolic toxicity with uninterrupted external beam radiation courses of 5000 cGy in 4 weeks plus chemotherapy led to the adoption of split-course treatment. Serious late toxicity requiring surgical intervention occurred in 3 of 25 following RT, and in 5 of 30 following FUMIR. Colostomies were needed as part of treatment for residual carcinoma or for the management of treatment-related toxicity in 11 of 25 treated by RT and have been required to date in 4 of 30 treated by FUMIR. The improvement in the primary tumor control rate and the reduction in the number of patients requiring colostomy when compared with the results of RT favor combined chemotherapy and radiation as the initial treatment for anal canal carcinoma.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1984

Primary radiation therapy for juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.

Evidence is presented of the effectiveness and relative lack of serious toxicity of external beam megavoltage radiation therapy (RT) as primary treatment for juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. The importance of careful radiological evaluation of tumor extent prior to irradiation is stressed, and only moderate dose RT is required. Fifty-five patients have been treated by RT and followed for from 3 to 26 years. Forty-four of 55 patients (80%) had permanent tumor control following a single course of 3000 cGy to 3500 cGy over 3 weeks. Surgical resection or a second course of RT controlled the tumor in all 11 patients in whom regrowth occurred. Angiofibromas involute slowly after RT so that 50% of patients still had visible masses in the nasopharynx 12 months after treatment, but only 10% had any visible abnormality 36 months after RT. Retreatment was necessary only if symptoms recurred, and continued follow-up showed that most asymptomatic nasopharyngeal masses resolved completely. Acute and late toxicity rates were low. Two patients developed tumors in the head or neck following RT. There was no significant clinical impairment of growth or endocrine function. A single course of external beam megavoltage radiation to 3000 cGy in 3 weeks is an effective first treatment for patients with juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Human soluble antigens and their use in sperm antibody testing.

Efforts were made to disrupt and solubilize human sperm cells and to evaluate the product for its content of infertility antibody-related antigens. In the procedure that was developed, a well-washed sperm sample is treated with 0.1 M dithiothreitol for 60 min, followed by trypsin at 0.1 mg/ml for 30 min, and then by soybean trypsin inhibitor. A mixture of DNAses I and II are added. After centrifuging, the resuspended pellet (RP) and the final supernatant (FS) show several degrees of cellular breakdown. Immunological evaluation was done with a strongly positive human serum containing sperm-head antibody. From the inhibition of sperm agglutination, we could conclude that the desired soluble antigen was obtained in the FS fraction.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1980

Primary carcinoma involving the temporal bone: analysis of twenty-five cases.

Twenty-five patients with primary carcinoma involving the temporal bone were reviewed. Pain and discharge were the most common complaints. A history of previous otitis media was found in 64% of the patients. On clinical and radiological assessment, 18 cases were deemed surgically resectable and 7 unresectable. Analysis of treatment revealed 3 groups of patients: an unresectable group of 7 patients treated by primary radical radiation therapy in which there were no long-term survivors; another group received primary radiotherapy with surgery reserved for residual or recurrent disease--4 of this group of 12 survived 4 years or longer; and the remaining group had primary surgery with radical postoperative radiation therapy--4 of this group of 6 patients survived 4 years or longer despite incomplete surgical removal of tumor in all except 1 patient. The results and possible reasons for failure are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Radiotherapy of early glottic cancer.

Patients (383) with stage Tis, Tla and Tlb NoMo glottic cancer are reviewed. Radiotherapy cured 93% of Tis patients and 86% of Tla and Tlb cases. Of all recurrences, 63% were cured. No patient with stage Tis died as a result of tumor and only 5% of stage Tla and Tlb died from tumor. Involvement of the anterior commissure or both vocal cords did not influence control rates by radiotherapy. Mobility of the vocal cord and size of radiotherapy field were significant factors influencing control by radiotherapy. Late recurrences and/or second primaries in the larynx following radiotherapy are rare. Second primaries in the respiratory tract (especially lung) are common and are as important a cause of death as laryngeal cancer in T1 cases. It is concluded that moderate dose radiotherapy with surgery for salvage is a highly effective method of management for early glottic cancer.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗