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Biomedical subjects

T Kawabe

Publications and source records attributed to T Kawabe.

213 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Effects of captopril (SQ 14, 225) on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in normal rats.

High doses of captopril (SQ 14, 225) (120-160 mg/kg/day) were administered orally to normal rats, and the effects on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system were observed. Plasma angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity was elevated significantly on the 3rd, 7th and 30th days of captopril administration. ACE activity in the lung and the kidney was significantly decreased on the 1st day then gradually increased, becoming significantly higher than that of controls by the 30th day. Plasma renin activity (PRA) was significantly elevated on the 1st day and remained at a high level until the 30th day. Renal renin content was found to be significantly lower on the 1st and 3rd days. Plasma aldosterone concentration was not affected by captopril treatment, whereas serum potassium concentration was found to be significantly lower on the 1st, 3rd and 30th days. It is suggested that besides its inhibitory action on ACE, captopril has a direct or indirect stimulating action on ACE production as well as on renin release.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1980

Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity as an indicator of prognosis in sarcoidosis.

The relationship between the clinical course of sarcoidosis and serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (EC 3.4.15.1) activity was analyzed by observing 51 patients with sarcoidosis during a period of more than 1 yr. The patients were grouped into 3 categories irrespective of treatment: (1) sarcoid lesions in the chest disappeared within 1 yr, (2) sarcoid lesions remained for more than 1 yr with little improvement, (3) sarcoid lesions disappeared within 1 yr, but then relapsed. In group 1 (33 cases), the serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity decreased from 35.9 +/- 2.0 to 22.0 +/- 1.3 nmol/ml/min after the chest roentgenogram cleared (P less than 0.005). In group 2 (12 cases), the mean serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity after treatment was not significantly reduced, paralleling the lack of improvement. In group 3 (6 cases), a good correlation was observed between serum enzyme activity and clinical course. These findings indicate that serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity is an indicator of the clinical course of sarcoidosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Hyperthyroidism in the elderly.

In 65 elderly hyperthyroid patients (age range 50-78 years), sex differences, signs and symptoms and thyroid function were studied and the data were compared with those on 48 young hyperthyroid patients (age range 20-29 years). The incidence of hyperthyroidism was 3.5 times higher in females than in males among the young patients, whereas it was approximately equal in males and females among the elderly patients. Signs and symptoms conformed with the textbook description in the young subjects but not in the elderly ones. Measurements of serum triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) proved useful in preventing false diagnoses in elderly patients with atypical symptoms. In some elderly subjects with marginal increases of serum T3 and T4 concentrations, measurement of serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) after administration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) was required to achieve an accurate diagnosis. Serum T3 and T4 levels and the thyroidal uptake of radioiodine were slightly but not significantly lower in the elderly than in the young patients. A high titer of circulating thyroid auto-antibody in the elderly may be related to this slight decrease in thyroid function. Serum T3 levels were significantly lower in the elderly than in the young subjects; this suggests impairment of peripheral monodeiodination of T4. Any abnormal serum levels of T4, T3, and TSH before and after administration of TRH could easily be restored to normal by treatment with antithyroid drugs in the elderly patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Response of urinary noradrenaline excretion to reserpine administration in normal and hypertensive subjects.

Reserpine was administered in purpose to determine the "Noradrenaline store" in sympathetic nerve endings. The marked increase of urinary noradrenaline excretion was observed by reserpine 0.4 mg/day administration. Total amount of noradrenaline in urine for first three days of 0.4 mg/day of reserpine administration was considered as a good indicators of "Noradrenaline store". There was no difference of "Noradrenaline store" between normal and hypertensive subjects. The increase % of urinary noradrenaline was higher in labile hypertension than in established hypertension as well as in normal subjects. Though the relationship between "Noradrenaline store" or the increase % of noradrenaline and sympathetic nerve activity was not clear, it is suspected that the releasable noradrenaline in sympathetic nerve granule was higher in labile hypertension than in established hypertension or normal subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Studies on the mechanism of goitrogenic action of diphenylthiohydantoin.

Diphenylthiohydantoin (DPTH) is a potent goitrogenic compound and produces goiters in rats. Like methimazole, DPTH depresses plasma T4 and T3 concentrations and elevates plasma T4 and T3 concentrations and elevates plasma TSH concentration. Unlike methimazole, however, DPTH does not suppress thyroidal radioiodine uptake and thyroid hormone synthesis, although the monoiodotyrosine to diiodotyrosine ration is elevated by DPTH. DPTH does not inhibit thyroidal radioiodine release or augment the degradation of thyroid hormone. DPTH depresses an increase of plasma T4 and T3 in thyroidectomized rats maintained on T4 or T3 by augmenting fecal excretion of hormones. In addition, DPTH decreases conversion of T4 to T3 in vitro. It is suggested that DPTH is a unique goitrogen which acts at two different extrahyroidal sites, viz. fecal loss of thyroid hormone and conversion of T4 to T3.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Complications following balloon-occluded arterial infusion chemotherapy for pelvic malignancies.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence and causes of complications associated with balloon-occluded arterial infusion chemotherapy (BOAI) for pelvic malignancies. METHODS: In 34 courses of BOAI in 22 patients with pelvic malignancies, we analyzed the incidence of complications as well as the effect of the dose of the anticancer drugs, the infusion site, and the number of BOAI administrations on these complications. Complications were divided into two categories: cystitis-like symptoms and neurological complications such as pain, numbness, and paresthesia of the lower extremities and the hip. RESULTS: Eleven patients (50%) suffered from complications, seven (31.8%) from neurological complications and four (18.2%) from cystitis-like symptoms. The complications appeared in 14 courses (42. 4%) of BOAI, neurological complications in 10 (30.3%) and cystitis-like symptoms in four (12.1%). A high dose of anti-cancer drugs and infusion from the anterior division tended to induce neurological complications more frequently; however, the cystitis-like symptoms were not related to any factors. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that a smaller dose of anti-cancer drugs should be infused from the bilateral internal iliac arteries for safer pelvic BOAI.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prognostic significance of TEL/AML1 fusion transcript in childhood B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

PURPOSE: A retrospective study was conducted to investigate the prognostic significance of TEL/AML1 fusion resulting from a cryptic t(12;21) in Japanese patients with childhood B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Leukemic samples from 144 children with newly diagnosed ALL (104 with CD10-positive B-precursor ALL, 11 with CD10-negative B-precursor ALL, 5 with B-ALL, and 24 with T-ALL) were analyzed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: The frequency of patients with TEL/AML1 was 16% (23 of 144) and all patients with TEL/AML1 also had CD10-positive B-precursor ALL. TEL/AML1 was not found in any samples from the patients with T-ALL, B-ALL, or CD10-negative B-precursor ALL. Among patients with CD10-positive B-precursor ALL, age, initial white blood cell count, and immunophenotype did not differ with TEL/AML1 positivity, although the patients were predominantly male (p < 0.01). Clinical outcomes of 94 patients treated with recent protocols were analyzed. Five of the 21 (23.8%) patients with TEL/AML1 relapsed and 4 of these relapsed > 24 months after diagnosis. Although the overall 5-year survival rate was better among patients with TEL/AML1 fusion transcript than among those without it (87.3 +/- 8.7% versus 75.9 +/- 5.8%, respectively), the 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates of patients with TEL/AML1 fusion transcript and those without it were similar (64.0 +/- 13.5% versus 69.1 +/- 6.3%, respectively). However, for 57 patients treated with the latest intensive protocol, the 4-year DFS rate was much higher for the patients with TEL/AML1 fusion transcript than for those without it (100.0% v.s. 69.6 +/- 8.4%, respectively, p = 0.1472). CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed that TEL/AML1 gene fusion is the most common genetic event in pediatric ALL in Japan and is restricted to CD10-positive B-precursor ALL. Moreover, it was associated with an improved survival rate among patients treated with intensive therapy. Therefore, these data suggest that the patients with TEL/AML1 may not necessarily be candidates for less aggressive treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cholestatic hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosed by deposits of Lipiodol and treated by combination of endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage and transcatheter arterial embolization.

Cholestatic hepatocellular carcinoma, which grows into the bile duct and causes obstructive jaundice, is rare and difficult to diagnose. A case is presented in which cholestatic hepatocellular carcinoma was detected by deposit of Lipiodol. This is also the first case that was successfully treated by endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage and transcatheter arterial embolization.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Application of self-expanding metallic stents to malignant stricture following mechanically stapled esophagojejunostomy: report of two cases.

Several types of self-expanding metallic stents (SEMS) were placed in two patients suffering from severe malignant stricture at the site of a mechanically stapled esophagojejunostomy used for the treatment of recurrent gastric cancer. Following modified Gianturco stent placement with limited success in one of the patients, an additional Ultraflex stent (Boston Scientific Co., Boston, USA) failed to expand satisfactorily at the outlet of the second stent. In the other patient, since the proximal end of an additional covered Ultraflex stent (Boston Scientific Co.) inserted through the first one failed to expand satisfactorily at the level of severe stenosis because of the extreme rigidity caused by the mechanical staples, a spiral Z-stent was inserted to dilate it. The cases reported here raise some problems associated with the treatment of severely malignant stricture accompanied by extreme rigidity following mechanically stapled esophagojejunostomy with SEMS.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗