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Biomedical subjects

T Katayama

Publications and source records attributed to T Katayama.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Remarkable pain relief in the treatment with high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate in advanced prostatic carcinoma].

A 60-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of lumbago due to a metastatic bone tumor that originated from the prostate. Previously, he had been treated with 500 mg/kg of diethylstilbestrol diphosphate and 75 mg/day of chlormadinone acetate. At our hospital, he was given 470.1 mg/day of estramustine sodium phosphate and a bilateral orchiectomy was performed. However, he felt increased lumbago. Thus, a dose of 1200 mg/day of medroxyprogesterone acetate was started. Although the histology of his prostate and bone scintigram did not change, the patient no longer felt lumbago from about 2 weeks after the start of this treatment. Six months later, he remains free of lumbago. In this report, we describe the effect of high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate on the clinical course, and the plasma and urine levels of the hormones.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1989

Adenomatoid tumor of the epididymis with special reference to immunohistochemical study of 3 cases.

Three cases of epididymal adenomatoid tumor are presented. The adenoid compositions of the tumors lined by epithelial cells showed a canalicular pattern with large vascular spaces, tubular pattern with glandlike regions or plexiform pattern with connective tissue strands. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated positive cytoplasmic staining for keratin, but negative for carcinoembryonic antigen and factor VIII-related antigen in each neoplastic tissue. These findings support the mesothelial origin of the epididymal adenomatoid tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Pain relief by high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate in advanced prostatic cancer].

The effect of high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate was studied in 7 patients with advanced prostatic cancer. Results in 7 patients were no change (NC) in 5 (71%) and progressive disease (PD) in 2 patients (29%). However, pain relief was obtained in 6 of the 7 patients (86%). As side effects, 2 patients (29%) showed moon-face and 2 patients weight gain (29%). These results indicate that treatment of high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate is useful for pain relief in patients with advanced prostatic cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) on ocular inflammation in rabbit ocular tissue].

Intravitreous injection of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) induced ocular inflammation in albino rabbits. Protein amounts and cell numbers in aqueous humor were measured. The effect of VIP on the release of cyclic AMP (cAMP) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) from the isolated albino rabbit irides was investigated. Mydriatic response was obtained by intravitreous injection of 0.5 microgram or less VIP. 5 microgram or more of VIP induced miosis and breakdown of the blood aqueous barrier. Intravitreous injection of VIP induced on increase of cAMP in the aqueous humor dose-dependently and a slight increase of PGE2. VIP induced a dose-dependent increase of cAMP release and slightly inhibit PGE2 release from isolated irides. In this study, a large quantity of VIP was injected intravitreously induced breakdown of the blood aqueous barrier. The effect of VIP on isolated irides was to activate the release of cAMP and to inhibit that of PGE2.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical study of large doses of vecuronium; duration of initial and additional doses].

Neuromuscular blockade by large doses of vecuronium was investigated clinically and the duration of action of initial doses (0.2 mg.kg-1 and 0.3 mg.kg-1) and additional doses (0.01 mg.kg-1 and 0.02 mg.kg-1) were measured under enflurane-nitrous oxide anesthesia using a neuromuscular transmission monitoring system (Accelograph). In group A (initial dose = 0.2 mg.kg-1, additional dose = 0.02 mg.kg-1), the time of spontaneous recovery to 25% of control twitch height (T25) and 50% of control (T50) were 63.1 and 82.0 minutes respectively. The T50 interval of the two adjacent added doses (given at the time point of 50% recovery from the previous dose) was 31.1 minutes. Reversal time from TOF ratio = 25% to 75% after administration of edrophonium was 6.1 minutes. In group B (initial = 0.3 mg.kg-1, add. = 0.01 mg.kg-1), T25, T50, T50 interval and reversal time were 122.6, 159.4, 39.2 and 4.6 minutes respectively. In group C (initial = 0.3 mg.kg-1, add. = 0.02 mg.kg-1), above values were 119.2, 145.8, 48.4 and 6.7 minutes respectively. In this study there was no obvious side effect associated with administration of large doses of vecuronium. These methods will be very useful for long surgical procedures.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Identification of irradiated pepper with the level of hydrogen gas as a probe.

A novel method to detect whether or not a particular pepper has been irradiated has been developed which is based on the fact that H2 is formed in organic substances irradiated with ionizing radiation. Following gamma irradiation, black and white peppers were ground to powder in a gastight ceramic mill. By gas-chromatographic analysis of the gas in the mill, we observed that H2 had been released from the irradiated pepper grains. Curves plotting the H2 content vs storage time at storage temperatures of 7, 22, and 30 degrees C showed that the higher the temperatures, the smaller the H2 content, and that identification of irradiated pepper was possible for 2-4 months after 10 kGy irradiation.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1989

[Two cases of pathological dilatation of seminal duct end].

Two cases of male infertility due to pathological dilatation of seminal duct end are reported. One patient was 33 years old. He was diagnosed with azoospermia by semen analysis. The cystic wall of the seminal duct end was incised by a cold knife on the urethral scope. After the operation, 100,000-500,000/ml sperms were found in his semen. The other patient was 31 years old. He was diagnosed with severe oligoasthenozoospermia. He was operated on in a similar operation. After operation, the findings of his semen analysis improved exceedingly, and his wife became pregnant.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Anaphylatoxin in the aqueous humor of rabbit with endotoxin induced endophthalmitis].

Anaphylatoxin-activated complement fragment is an important mediator of inflammation. In this study, trends of anaphylatoxin in clinical and experimental endophthalmitis was evaluated. The level of anaphylatoxin (C3a, C4a and C5a) and protein of human aqueous humor aspirated from patients with senile cataracts before surgery was measured. As a model of acute endophthalmitis, endotoxin-Lipopolysaccharide from E. coli (LPS) was used intravitreously in albino rabbits. The level of anaphylatoxin of aqueous humor was measured by radioimmunoassay. The level of C3a was 44.0 +/- 13.4 ng/ml in aqueous humor of cataract patients. An increase of cell count and protein was demonstrated in the aqueous humor of rabbits 24 hrs after endotoxin injection. The level of C3a increased remarkably with time. It was suggested that C3a in aqueous humor of the rabbit eye with endotoxin-induced endophthalmitis plays an important role in chemotaxis and in mediating the inflammatory process.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Multiple classes of binding sites for palmitic acid on the fatty acid-binding protein molecule.

Binding characteristics of fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) toward palmitic acid were studied. On the analysis of the interaction between FABP and [3H]palmitic acid over a wide range of concentrations of the fatty acid, at least three saturation plateaux were observed. By Scatchard-plot analysis, it appeared that FABP possesses three classes of binding sites for palmitic acid with different affinities [Kd1 = 1 x 10(-6) M (N = 1), Kd2 = 4 x 10(-6) M (N = 2), Kd3 = 2 x 10(-5) M (N = 10)]. Results of both sedimentation analyses and chromatofocusing of FABPs labeled with various concentrations of [3H]palmitic acid suggested that the FABP used was homogeneous. These results indicate that several classes of binding sites for palmitic acid with different affinities are present on the FABP molecule.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Induction of rhythmic jaw movements by stimulation of the mesencephalic reticular formation in the guinea pig.

This study was designed to investigate whether stimulation of the mesencephalic reticular formation (MRF) induces rhythmic jaw movements (RJMs) and, if it does so, to determine the RJM-inducing region in the MRF in ketamine-anesthetized guinea pigs. The results were as follows: (1) Repetitive electrical stimulation of the MRF at the level of the red nucleus induced rhythmic EMG bursts in the anterior digastric muscle (DIG). (2) The duration and cycle time of the rhythmic DIG EMG burst induced from the medial MRF were longer than those induced from the lateral MRF. (3) Repetitive MRF stimulation after paralysis still induced rhythmic multiple-unit activities in the anterior digastric motoneuron pool. (4) Neither precollicular decerebration nor cerebellectomy affected the MRF induction of RJMs. (5) Transverse hemisection at the rostral border of the pons abolished the RJMs induced from the contralateral, but not ipsilateral, MRF. Midline section of the midbrain abolished RJMs induced from the MRF on either side. (6) A lesion in the pontine pyramidal tract abolished the RJMs induced by stimulation of the ipsilateral cortical masticatory area (CMA), but not those induced from the contralateral MRF. (7) A unilateral lesion of the oral portion of the gigantocellular reticular nucleus, where the rhythm generator for the CMA-induced RJMs is located, abolished RJMs induced from not only the CMA, but also MRF on the contralateral side. (8) Microinjection of L-glutamate into the lateral, but not medial, MRF induced RJMs similar to those elicited by repetitive electrical stimulation of the same site.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Ocular penetration of dexamethasone sodium phosphate via soft contact lenses].

The ocular penetration of dexamethasone sodium phosphate was measured by HPLC and RIA, and the concentrations in the aqueous humor and iris of a soft contact lens (SCL) group and eyedrop-only group of white rabbits were compared. The efficacy of dexamethasone phosphate eyedrops in eyes of white rabbits with SCL was also investigated using protein in the aqueous humor of the eyes of rabbits with experimental endophthalmitis induced by endotoxin and prostaglandin E2 as an index. The concentration of dexamethasone sodium phosphate transferred to the aqueous humor and irises in the SCL group was significantly higher than that in the eyedrop-only group. SCLs containing dexamethasone sodium phosphate was effective against experimental endophthalmitis, and the protein in the aqueous humor was significantly lower in the SCL group than in the controls.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment of thoracic empyema in recent 6 years; analysis of 944 cases in Japan].

944 cases of thoracic empyema were treated surgically in a 6-year period (from 1981 through 1986) in 37 institutions under supervision of Ryoken. Preoperative backgrounds, operative modes and surgical results are evaluated. Preoperative backgrounds are as follows; Acute cases comprised only 5.5% of the total. Primary cases outnumbered postoperative ones, the former occupying 65.8% of the total. Fistulous empyema comprised 68.6% of the total. Extension of the empyema; total empyema 56.0%, partial empyema 44.0%. Concerning respiratory reserve, those with FEV1/VCpr (to be denominated RI) less than 40 comprised 44.3% of the total. As to bacteriological findings; positive 49.9%, negative 40.0%, unknown 10.1%. Surgical modes; Pleuroresection 20.8%, decortication 22.4%, space-reducing 28.6%, air-plombage 9.7%, open drainage 6.8%, closed drainage 4.3%, others 7.4%. Overall results; success 83.8%, unsuccess 11.5%, death 4.7%. Those with positive microorganisms and RI less than 40 fared most poorly; success 73.2%, unsuccess 19.7% death 7.1%. Those with negative microorganisms and RI more than 41 fared most well; success 97.9%, unsuccess 1.5%, death 0.5%. Success rate with regard to surgical modes; air-plombage 95.7%, decortication 95.3% pleuroresection 92.6%, space-reducing 80.0%, closed drainage 68.3%, open drainage 29.7%.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Characterization of fibronectin metabolites in normal rat urine.

Fibronectin fragments showing immunoreactivity against an anti-rat plasma fibronectin antibody were detected in normal rat urine. Untreated urine showed immunoreactivity and this reactivity could not be dialyzed. These rat urinary fibronectin-related substances (RUF) were adsorbed on heparin-immobilized gel but hardly at all on gelatin-immobilized gel. They were separated into three fractions by DEAE-Sephadex ion exchange chromatography and each fraction was further purified by heparin-Sepharose affinity chromatography. The partially purified preparations, RUF-1, RUF-2 and RUF-3, were analyzed by the sandwich-type enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, and it was found their maximum reactivities were about 30%, 45% and 20% that of the intact plasma fibronectin, respectively. Plasma fibronectin was digested with elastase and then analyzed by the ELISA method to elucidate the patterns shown by the fragments. The fragments showed almost the same patterns on ELISA analysis, and the maximum immunoreactivity decreased in parallel with the degradation. On SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the RUF preparations were found to be composed of multiple forms of molecules, Mr 15,000-100,000, which reacted with the antibody. These results suggest that various forms of fibronectin metabolites are excreted in normal rat urine.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Synergism of phosphorylation of 46K protein(s) and arachidonate release in the induction of superoxide anion production in guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

The phosphorylation of 46K protein(s), which was generally observed in parallel with an activation of NADPH oxidase of guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) in our previous studies (N. Okamura et al. (1984) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 228, 270-277; T. Ohtsuka et al. (1987) J. Biochem. 101, 897-903), was increased by treatment with 1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol (OAG), even at low concentrations at which both superoxide anion (O2-) production and arachidonate release were little induced. On the other hand, exposure of PMNL to low concentrations of a calcium ionophore, A23187, stimulated arachidonate release without causing substantial O2- production and increase in phosphorylation of 46K protein(s). Simultaneous addition of the above-mentioned suboptimal concentrations of both OAG and A23187 markedly enhanced O2- production in PMNL. This enhancing effect may be ascribable to the increase in the phosphorylation of 46K protein(s) and arachidonate release, which are induced by the addition of OAG and A23187, respectively. Another arachidonate-releasing agent, N-formyl-methionylleucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), also stimulated O2- production in accordance with an increase in the arachidonate release and protein phosphorylation. Simultaneous addition of OAG significantly enhanced the FMLP-induced O2- production, presumably by maintaining the 46K protein phosphorylation which would facilitate the effect of arachidonate released by FMLP. Thus, the present results suggest that phosphorylation of 46K protein(s) and arachidonate release synergistically induce O2- production in PMNL, although either of them alone hardly induces the production.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Changes of vasoactive substances following embolization for renal cell carcinoma.

Renal arterial embolization and subsequent nephrectomy or nephrectomy alone were performed in 34 patients with renal cell carcinoma. Renal arterial embolization caused a blood pressure elevation concomitant with an increase in plasma renin activity (PRA), urinary aldosterone excretion or urinary prostaglandin (PGE2) excretion. Subsequent nephrectomy normalized hypertension and reduced the levels of these vasoactive substances. There were significant relationships between the increase in mean blood pressure and the increase in PRA, the increment in mean blood pressure and the increment in urinary aldosterone excretion, and the increase in PRA and increase in log urinary PGE2 excretion following embolization. These evidences suggest that enhancement of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system participates in the development of hypertension following embolization, and increased PRA may play an important role in the release of urinary PGE2.

Aged↗