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Biomedical subjects

T Katayama

Publications and source records attributed to T Katayama.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Relationship between reactivation and tumor markers in prostatic cancer].

Twenty-seven cases of reactivated prostatic cancer between 1979 and 1990 were investigated. Reactivation took place in the form of local aggravation in 3 cases, occurrence or aggravation of metastasis to bones in 8 cases, and in both forms in 16 cases. The elevation of tumor markers preceded the clinical findings in 11 cases (41%). In 75% of the cases with occurrence or aggravation of metastasis, the elevation of tumor markers preceded the clinical findings. This showed that tumor markers were useful in most cases for early detection of reactivation. However, in 3 cases with local aggravation, the clinical findings preceded the elevation of tumor marks. Therefore, it is also important to check the clinical findings at the follow-up. At the time of reactivation, positive rates of prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) and prostatic specific antigen (PA) were 78%, 83% and 80%, respectively. Thus gamma-Sm and PA appeared to be more reliable than PAP for monitoring of prostatic cancer.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1991

[The role of surgery in cases of diagnostic difficulty].

Pulmonary resections for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis are decreasing, and nowadays most of them are for the open lung biopsy to make histological diagnosis, because differentiation between tuberculosis, AM and lung cancer is critical. In 1980-1990 forty-three patients, in whom the diagnosis was not established by conventional diagnostic methods, had pulmonary resections for open lung biopsy because of abnormal chest X-ray shadows. Of these, 31 (72%) were non-tuberculous (lung cancer 8, hamartoma 7, lung abscess 5, fungus infection 3, sclerosing hemangioma 2, bronchogenic cyst 2, and others 4, and 12 (28%) were tuberculous or AM. The type of chest film abnormality was solitary pulmonary nodule (coin lesion) in 9 out of 12 patients with tuberculosis or AM, in all eight patients with lung cancer and in 14 out of 23 patients with other diseases. In patients with coin lesions, the incidence of lung cancer was as high as 50% when the diameter was more than 21mm, while it was only 11% when it was 20mm or less. 24 patients with tuberculosis or AM complicated by lung cancer or other diseases were resected. There were 8 smear or culture positive patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis (or AM) (Group 1), of whom 7 had lung cancer and 1 pneumothorax. Of 8 patients who were wrongly diagnosed as active pulmonary tuberculosis (Group 2), there were 5 lung cancers and 3 other diseases. In the remaining 8 patients (Group 3) both old tuberculosis and lung cancer coexisted and in 3 they were found in the same lobe.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Humans↗
PubMed1991

[Treatment of male infertility: current situation and problems].

We evaluated the results of treatment for male infertility in 883 patients who visited our clinic. The efficacy rate and pregnancy rate after varicocele operation were higher than those after drug therapy. Drug therapy was effective only in patients with a sperm count of 10-40 x 10(6)/ml. The percentage of swollen sperm in hypoosmotic swelling test elevated after operation in varicocele patients. The hypoosmotic swelling test seems to be useful to show the improvement of sperm function by treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Pharmacokinetics of BHAC, VP-16 and Ara-C derived from BHAC in a hemodialysed patient with AMMoL].

Although recently the occurrence of a malignant neoplasma as a complication of uremia is becoming more frequently, pharmacokinetics of antitumor agents are not precisely studied in patients with impaired renal function. In this report we investigated pharmacokinetics of enositabine (BHAC), arabinosylcytosine (Ara-C) and etoposide (VP-16) in a patient on maintenance hemodialysis who suffered from acute myelomonocytic leukemia and treated by BHAC-EV regimen. Pharmacokinetic parameters of BHAC in uremia were not different from that in patients with normal renal function, and hemodialysis did not affect on the plasma level of BHAC. No significant accumulation of Ara-C was seen in uremia, but there remained the possibility that Ara-C could be removed by hemodialysis. So BHAC was able to be used in uremic patients safely. Since VP-16 was proved to be not a hemodialyzable but an accumulative substance and prolongation of plasma half life was prompt in uremia, VP-16 should be administered to uremic patients very cautiously. From these results BHAC-EV regimen was presumed to be a safely, well tolerated and beneficial regimen in uremic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Concentration of thrombin antithrombin III complex and plasmin alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor complex in nephrotic syndrome].

Plasma concentration of fibrinogen (Fbg), plasminogen (PLG), antithrombin III (AT III), alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor (alpha 2-PI), thrombin antithrombin III complex (TAT) and plasmin alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC) were evaluated in 23 nephrotic patients with proteinuria more than 3.5 g/day, including 4 cases with clinical evidence of thromboembolism. Among patients without thromboembolism, concentration of PLG and AT III was in the normal range but that of Fbg and alpha 2-PI was significantly elevated (p less than 0.01 for Fbg and p less than 0.001 for alpha 2-PI respectively). Also there was a positive relationship between AT III and serum albumin (p less than 0.05). Two fifth of these patients had an had an increased level of TAT, and also had a higher level of PIC compared with normal control (p less than 0.01). There was a positive relationship between TAT and PIC, TAT and Fbg (p less than 0.05), PIC and Fbg (p less than 0.01). TAT and PIC levels were markedly elevated in the patients with thromboembolism. From aforementioned data, it was suggested that patients with nephrotic syndrome would be in the prethrombotic state and the increased level of Fbg is one of the major risk factors of thromboembolic complications in these patients. Furthermore measurement of TAT and PIC are the useful means for the diagnosis of these complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Primary testicular carcinoid tumor with teratoma: a case report].

We report a case of primary testicular carcinoid with teratoma and review the literature. A 68-year-old man was hospitalized with an asymptomatic left testicular mass. Left radical orchiectomy was performed under a diagnosis of testicular tumor. Histologically, the tumor showed a typical appearance of teratoma with carcinoid components. Barium studies, computed tomographic scan could not demonstrate any other tumor anywhere else. He is now being followed at our clinic without any evidence of recurrence.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[The effect of interleukin-1 on ocular inflammation in rabbit ocular tissue].

IL-1 (Interleukin-1) has attracted attention not only as a mediator of the immunological response but as a substance involved in acute and chronic inflammatory responses. The author induced endophthalmitis by intravitreous injection of IL-1 into rabbit eyes. The inflammation model was characterized by the indicators of aqueous humor protein and PGE2 levels, and IL-1 and PAF were investigated as possible mediators of inflammation in IL-1 induced endophthalmitis. A prostaglandin (PG) synthetase inhibitor suppressed both the protein level and PGE2 level, while a PAF antagonist acted to inhibit the increase in the protein level in aqueous humor but did not inhibit the rise in PGE2. Combined administration of the PAF antagonist and the PG synthetase inhibitor further reduced both the protein and PGE2 levels. These findings suggest that PAF may be a mediator of endophthalmitis due to IL-1, and that IL-1 induced endophthalmitis is also modified by other factors in addition to PAF.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[The surgical treatment of chronic empyema--from the stand point of preservation and improvement of pulmonary function].

During the period of 1978 to 1990, 247 patients with chronic empyema were operated. The cure rate was 88.3%. The operation was not successful in 29 patients (11.7%), of whom 19 were operative death and 10 were those whose condition never improved to the level of discharge. The pulmonary function improved post-operatively in those patients who underwent decortication and air-plombage, but not in those who underwent pleuropneumonectomy and thoracoplasty (modification of Grow's method). Most remarkable changes of pulmonary function were seen in patients who underwent thoracoplasty. Air-plombage was found effective in controlling empyema and for the preservation and improvement of post-operative pulmonary functions.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1991

[Ureteral stenosis due to endometriosis: a case report].

A 37-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital to examine left hydronephrosis. Retrograde pyelography showed left lower ureteral stricture. Abdominal CT scan revealed a tumor 1 cm in diameter in the left lower ureteral stricture. The diagnosis of left hydronephrosis and hydroureter due to left lower ureteral stricture was made, and left uretero-ureterostomy was performed. The histological findings revealed extrinsic type ureteral endometriosis. The present case, and the cases reported in the Japanese publications are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

cDNA-derived amino acid sequence of L-histidine decarboxylase from mouse mastocytoma P-815 cells.

The primary structure of L-histidine decarboxylase (HDC: L-histidine carboxy-lyase, EC 4.1.1.22) from mouse mastocytoma P-815 cells has been determined by parallel analysis of the amino acid sequence of the protein and the nucleotide sequence of the corresponding cDNA. HDC contains 662 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 74017, which is larger by about 21,000 Da than that of the previously purified HDC subunit (53 kDa), suggesting that HDC might be posttranslationally processed. The HDC cDNA hybridized to a 2.7 kilobase mRNA of mastocytoma cells. Homology was found between the sequences of mouse mastocytoma HDC and fetal rat liver HDC.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Identification of membrane anchoring site of human renal dipeptidase and construction and expression of a cDNA for its secretory form.

The chemical properties of human renal dipeptidase (hrDP) purified from the membrane fraction of kidney have been characterized. When treated with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C, hrDP was released from renal membrane fractions. After digestion with trypsin, carboxyl-terminal peptide was isolated employing anhydrotrypsin-agarose column chromatography and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. The amino acid sequence of the peptide was identified at positions 363-369 in the primary structure deduced from the cDNA sequence (Adachi, H., Tawaragi, Y., Inuzuka, C., Kubota, I., Tsujimoto, M., Nishihara, T., And Nakazato, H. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 3992-3995). Further examination of the chemical composion of the peptide showed that it contained, respectively, 2, 1, 5, 1, and 1 mol of ethanolamine, glucosamine, mannose, inositol, and phosphate in addition to amino acids. These results suggest that the mature hrDP molecule lacks the carboxyl-terminal hydrophobic peptide extension predicted from the cDNA sequence and is anchored at Ser369 via glycosylphosphatidylinositol to the membrane. To characterize further the action of the enzyme, we have established expression systems for both secretory and membrane anchored forms of hrDP using COS-1 cells and found that both recombinant forms were as active as natural enzyme. Our expression system made it possible to prepare large amounts of soluble enzyme, and will contribute toward elucidation of the physiological roles of the enzyme.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Hepatitis C viral cDNA clones isolated from a healthy carrier donor implicated in post-transfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis.

Using a specific hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody assay, positive blood donors responsible for the transmission of post-transfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis (PT-NANBH) were identified. cDNA fragments were isolated from one of the plasma samples of such healthy HCV carriers by using polymerase chain reactions. Nucleotide (nt) sequence analyses of the cDNA from three different regions of the viral genome revealed that they were derived from a Japanese HCV isolate that was similar but not identical to the prototype HCV previously isolated from a chronically infected chimpanzee. Homology at the nt and amino acid levels was comparatively lower in the presumed structural region than in putative nonstructural regions. This result not only confirms that HCV antibody-positive blood contains infectious HCV, but suggests the existence of different type(s) of HCV.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Effect of glutaraldehyde on NADPH oxidase system of guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

In an attempt to elucidate properties and activation mechanisms of the NADPH oxidase system, which is known to be responsible for the production of superoxide anion (O2-) in cell membranes of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL), intact guinea pig PMNL were treated with glutaraldehyde, a protein crosslinking reagent, before or after stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). Then, PMNL were disrupted and NADPH oxidase activity was measured. After the treatment of resting PMNL with glutaraldehyde, NADPH oxidase was no longer activated by PMA. On the other hand, the NADPH oxidase activity enhanced by PMA in advance was markedly retained by the glutaraldehyde treatment of such PMA-stimulated PMNL as compared to that in untreated cells. Similar retention by glutaraldehyde of the stimulated NADPH oxidase activity was observed in PMNL stimulated by formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and cytochalasin D. Furthermore, the oxidase activity of glutaraldehyde-treated PMNL was stable during incubation at 37 degrees C, the half life of the oxidase activity of the treated PMNL being more than 90 min whereas that of the untreated PMNL is about 15 min. This ability of the glutaraldehyde treatment to retain the activity was also observed against inactivation by high concentrations of NaCl and by positively charged alkylamine.

Aldehydes↗
PubMed1990

Inhibition of angiogenesis by vitamin D3 analogues.

The effects of vitamin D3 and two analogues on embryonic angiogenesis were studied in 4.5-day-old chick embryo chorioallantoic membranes. The active metabolite of vitamin D3, 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, and a synthetic vitamin D3 analogue, 22-oxa-1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, inhibited angiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner, the inhibition occurring in the picomolar range. In contrast, vitamin D3 was not effective. The results suggest that these two vitamin D3 analogues might be promising anti-angiogenic agents for controlling the angiogenesis which occurs in several pathological conditions, including tumor development.

Animals↗