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Biomedical subjects

T Kano

Publications and source records attributed to T Kano.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[An analysis of 117 cases of patients who died from tumor recurrence or from the progression of ovarian malignancies].

Out of 403 patients with ovarian with malignancies during 1978 to, 1985, 117 (29.0%) died from the progression of a non-curative cancer (56 cases, 47.9%) or from a cancer recurrence (61 cases, 52.1%). The mean survival rate 117 cases was 13.4 months, of which 103 (88.0%) cases concerned patients who died within 2 years and 114 (97.4%) who died within 3 years. A histological analysis revealed that patients with a serous or an endometrial cancer had a longer survival rate than others. Among 61 recurrent cases, 59 (96.7%) fell into recurrence within 2 years. Regarding the relationship between a recurrent of cancer and its prognosis, patients with a recurrence of an ascitic or a metastatic disease had a poorer prognosis than patients with a pelvic or an abdominal mass. An aggressive operation, such as a resection of a recurrent tumor, even if small in volume, led to a better prognostic result than no therapy.

Female↗
PubMed1986

Binding of [3H]nitrendipine to cardiac and cerebral membranes from normotensive and renal, deoxycorticosterone/NaCl and spontaneously hypertensive rats.

The properties of [3H]nitrendipine binding to cardiac and cerebral membranes from normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and renal (RHR), deoxycorticosterone/NaCl (DOCA-HR) and spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats were investigated. The maximal numbers of binding sites (Bmax) in the striatum, thalamus and hippocampus for SHR increased by 21.4-40.0, 28.1-40.4 and 21.4-34.1% of the numbers in WKY, but the apparent dissociation constants (KD) in the cerebral membranes differed very little between WKY and SHR. In the cardiac membranes, KD and Bmax values differed very little between WKY and SHR. In the RHR and DOCA-HR, the Bmax values in the striatum, thalamus and hippocampus were similar to those of WKY. These findings suggest that the increase in Bmax of [3H]nitrendipine in the striatum, thalamus and hippocampus of SHR may play a part in the development and maintenance of high blood pressure in SHR.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Effect of cyclosporin A on the membrane-associated events in human leukocytes with special reference to the similarity with dexamethasone.

The effect of an immunosuppressive drug, cyclosporin A, and dexamethasone was assessed on the enzymatic reactions of membrane phospholipid in normal human lymphocytes and neutrophils. Incubation for 20 min with cyclosporin A markedly suppressed, in a dose dependent manner, phospholipase A2 activity and the release of prostaglandin E2 in lymphocytes, and slightly those in neutrophils, while no inhibition of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)-N methyltransferase activity was observed. Choline phosphotransferase (CPT) activity was not inhibited by the drug, either. These inhibitory effects on enzyme activities of membrane phospholipid are similar to those of dexamethasone, although different incubation time of the drug was required to induce inhibitory effects. These findings suggest that cyclosporin A acts upon early membrane events in the activation of cells involved in inflammatory reactions; they further suggest that suppression of immune response by cyclosporin A is at least partly due to inhibition of phospholipase A2 in the plasma membrane of inflammatory cells. This inhibition reduces the production of cell membrane lyso-phosphatidylcholine (PC) and arachidonic acid from PC, which is produced by transmethylation of PE and cytidine diphosphate (CDP) choline pathway of which the last reaction to PC is mediated by CPT.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1986

Exacerbation of pemphigus by rifampicin.

Rifampicin therapy caused exacerbation of skin lesions, rising serum pemphigus antibody titres, and decreased serum betamethasone levels in a 59-year-old man with pemphigus vulgaris. Exacerbation of pemphigus was confined to the period of rifampicin therapy and seems to be best explained by the effect of rifampicin on the metabolism of betamethasone. Physicians prescribing rifampicin for the treatment of tuberculosis should be aware of its potential to produce such an important adverse reaction.

Betamethasone↗
PubMed1986

External pH dependency of delayed afterdepolarization in rabbit myocardium.

Effects of changing external pH on delayed afterdepolarization (DAD) induced by a train of electrical stimuli in the rabbit ventricular papillary muscle fibers were examined using a conventional microelectrode technique in vitro. Preparations were superfused with Tyrode solution containing norepinephrine (3 X 10(-6) M), and the external pH was decreased. After a train of driven action potentials, DAD was induced at pH 7.0 in the presence of norepinephrine. The amplitude of the DAD induced by norepinephrine at pH 7.0 increased as the stimulus cycle length was shortened and as the number of applied stimuli increased. The increase in the amplitude of DAD resulted in yielding one or multiple nondriven action potentials. DAD, thus initiated, was completely suppressed by a further decrease of external pH to 6.7-6.0. Lidocaine and adriamycin depressed the amplitude of DAD, but verapamil did not. The results imply that only slight lowering of the external pH induced by ischemic conditions or by other means would provoke DAD which, in turn, would result in triggered activity in situ.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Calcium channel, Ca++ mobilization, and mechanical reactivity of estrogen- and progesterone-treated rat uterus.

Properties of [3H]nitrendipine binding, high K+- and Ca++-induced contractions and the inhibition of high K+-induced contractions by verapamil were investigated in the uterine preparations isolated from rats treated with estrogen or progesterone or both. In [3H]nitrendipine binding experiments using crude membrane fractions, treatment with estrogen alone or estrogen+progesterone significantly lowered the KD; There was very little change in the Bmax. In the Ca++-depleted, high K+-containing medium, only the progesterone-, and estrogen----progesterone-treated uteri produced contractions. The estrogen-, estrogen----progesterone-, and estrogen+progesterone-treated uteri showed decreases in concentrations of Ca++ required for the maximal contractions. In the estrogen- and estrogen+progesterone-treated uteri, the dose-response curves by verapamil were shifted to the left in a parallel manner. These findings suggest that estrogen appeared to increase the affinity of calcium channels and increase transmembrane influx of Ca++, leading to enhancement of contractions, whereas progesterone might increase the Ca++ storage in the intracellular sites.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Embryonal carcinoma (Higuchi, Kato) of the ovary, clinical analysis and recent improvement of treatment using alpha FP as a tumor marker].

Forty-one cases of embryonal carcinoma were analyzed from a clinico-pathological point of view. The clinical stages of the patients were: 21 cases in stage I, 8 in stage II, 11 in stage III and 1 in stage IV. Survival curves were compared in accordance with clinical stages. A statistically significant difference was demonstrated between stages I and III, and a significant difference was demonstrated between stages I and II. Embryonal carcinoma in a narrow sense and yolk sac carcinoma were compared in survival curve but there were no significant differences between the two. Cases were divided into two that were pure embryonal carcinoma and embryonal carcinoma with other constituent mixtures. A comparison of these two showed that the mixed type had a better survival curve than the pure type. Effects of treatment in two different periods were compared patients who were treated in 1971-1979 belong to the 1st period group and those treated in 1979-1985 to the 2nd period group. A comparison of these two showed a much better survival curve in the 2nd period group. This difference can be attributed partly to a VAC combination chemotherapy and its maintenance for two years and partly to improvements in the operating technique such as added omentectomy and or the introduction of a second look operation. By measuring alpha FP over the whole clinical course, alpha FP was shown to be a good tumor marker reflecting the patient's condition and aggravation of the patient's condition frequently occurred around or somewhat after 15 weeks after primary surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[The determination of thymidylate synthetase inhibition for testing fluoropyrimidines--pharmacokinetics and metabolism of carmofur (HCFU) in patients with gynecologic malignancies--Tokai HCFU Study Group for Gynecologic Malignancies].

The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of carmofur (HCFU) were studied. Sixty-six patients were administered 100 mg of HCFU orally, and the plasma levels of the HCFU fraction (HCFUf) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FUra) were determined at 0, 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours. The average half-life of HCFUf and 5-FUra were 1.05 and 1.31 hours, and the average areas under the curves (AUC) of the plasma concentration were 6.51 hr X mcg/ml and 0.46 hr X mcg/ml, respectively. Surgical specimens of the tumors were obtained about three hours after the administration and assayed for HCFUf. 5-FUra fluorodeoxyuridine-monophosphate (FdUMP), deoxyuridine-monophosphate (dUMP), total thymidylate synthetase (TS total), and non-FdUMP-bound free enzyme (TS free). The TS inhibition rate (IR) was calculated by the follow method: IR = (TS total-TS free)/TS total X 100 levels of the TS total varied from not-detected (less than 0.10 pmol/g) to 20.5 pmol/g. The average FdUMP: dUMP ratio was 3.44 X 10(3), However, more than 80% inhibitions of TS were observed in nine cases (21.4%). The correlation indicates between TS IR and tissue FdUMP level or FdUMP: dUMP ratio were 0.57 and 0.62 in ovarian malignancies respectively. No significant correlations were observed between TS inhibition and levels of tissue 5-FUra or AUC of 5-FUra.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1986

[Effect of immunotherapy using the non-specific immunopotentiator OK-432 in malignant ovarian tumors--selecting appropriate cases for immunotherapy].

Immunotherapy for malignant ovarian tumors has been discussed in a number of recent studies. However, the effects of this therapy are produced by an indirect mechanism, and are, therefore, difficult to evaluated. In order to select appropriate cases for immunotherapy using OK-432 against malignant ovarian tumors, clinical and experimental studies were carried out. Clinically patients with ovarian cancer were divided into two groups; OK-432 treated group and no immunotherapy groups. As a parameter of immunoresponse to OK-432, PHA and Su-PS skin tests were performed periodically. Natural killer (NK) cell activity was also measured before and after administration of OK-432. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were analysed by using monoclonal antibody and a laser flow cytometer. Finally tumor growth velocity was evaluated in tumor transplanted nude mice. The survival rate was used as an index for evaluation. The survival rate of the OK-432 treated groups was better than the control groups in advanced cases, but a statistically significant difference was found between the two groups. Among fundamental studies which were carried out to select appropriate cases, Su-PS skin test, the NK response of OK-432 seemed to be actually utilized.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Fluctuation in plasma ADH levels during and after surgery of esophageal cancer].

The purpose of this study is to analyze the causes of elevation of plasma antidiuretic hormone (ADH) level during surgery and the relationship between urinary volume and plasma ADH level by measuring plasma ADH level of patients undergoing operation for esophageal cancer. The results obtained were as follows: The plasma ADH level was 4.0 pg/ml before surgery, 59 pg/ml after skin incision, 190 pg/ml after thoracotomy, and 276 pg/ml after vagotomy (right esophageal branch). Elevation of the plasma ADH level was partially suppressed by epidural analgesia combined with GOF anesthesia. The main factors that elevate plasma ADH level during surgery were pain at the skin incision, the manipulation of the pleura and vagotomy. The plasma ADH level was high (114 pg/ml) just after surgery and decreased to a normal level (4.3 pg/ml) in the morning of the 2nd postoperative day. Urinary volume was 74 ml/h before surgery, 95 ml/h just after surgery and 40 ml/h in the morning of the 1st postoperative day, and then, continued to gradual increase. There was no correlation between urinary volume and plasma ADH level during surgery until the 1st postoperative day. Elevation of plasma ADH level was not a primary factor of oliguiria during and just after surgery.

Aged↗