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Biomedical subjects

T Kanemaru

Publications and source records attributed to T Kanemaru.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Isolation of Clostridium perfringens from foals.

Clostridium perfingens was isolated from four of 29 healthy foals and from all twelve foals with gastrointestinal diseases. The range of viable counts of C. perfringens in the faeces was 10(1)-10(5)/g and in the intestinal specimens 10(1)-10(7)/g. Of 41 isolates of C. perfringens, 37 were considered to be type A. Enterotoxin of the organism was demonstrated in the intestinal contents of five of eight foals with enteric diseases. These findings suggested that C. perfringens is a likely pathogen of foal intestinal diseases.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Evaluation of metal implants coated with several types of ceramics as biomaterials.

The in vivo biocompatibility of metals coated with several different types of ceramics [alumina (alpha-Al2O3), titanium oxide (TiO2), titanium nitride (TiN), and hydroxyapatite (HAP)] was investigated. These composites had been devised for the purpose of incorporation into the stem of a total hip prosthesis. The materials were inserted into the mid-diaphyseal region of the femurs of adult dogs, and follow-up quantitative histological comparisons were performed for a period of up to 96 weeks. HAP-coated composites showed the best biocompatibility.

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMed1989

Morphological changes of the aorta and pulmonary artery in thoroughbred racehorses.

The aorta and extrapulmonary artery were examined pathologically in 33 thoroughbred racehorses ranging in age from 1 to 5 years. Many of the great vessels of these horses exhibited degenerative or sclerotic changes in the media with neither lipidosis nor deposits of cholesterol. The severe lesions were predominantly observed at the bifurcation of the pulmonary artery. The severity of the lesions in both the aorta and pulmonary artery appeared to be associated with the racing career of the racehorse rather than with increasing age. Histopathogenetically, the medial changes in the great vessels were probably initiated by ischaemia and/or oedema in their walls due to pathological disturbances of the vasa vasorum and their vasomotor nerves. Whether hypervitaminosis D plays a role in the condition in racehorses needs to be determined by further study.

Aging↗
PubMed1988

Clinical and virological observations on swine experimentally infected with Getah virus.

The pathogenicity of Getah virus for swine was examined. All 8 pigs (4 adults and 4 piglets) inoculated with Strains MIP-99 and MI-110 developed pyrexia ranging from 39.4 to 40.7 degrees C and anorexia. Mild depression and diarrhea were observed in 2 of the 4 piglets. These clinical signs were transient. Viremia occurred 1-2 days post-inoculation (p.i.) and the maximum titer was 10(3.0) TCID50 0.1 ml-1. The virus was recovered from a piglet autopsied on Day 3 p.i. from spleen and various lymph nodes. The maximum titer of virus (10(3.75) TCID50 0.1 g-1) was detected in the inguinal lymph node. Seroconversion was demonstrated in all the pigs on Day 6 p.i. These results suggest that Getah virus is mildly pathogenic for swine, which may play a role as an amplifying host in nature.

Alphavirus↗
PubMed1988

Transplacental infection in mice inoculated with Getah virus.

Transplacental transmission was demonstrated in pregnant mice subcutaneously inoculated with Getah virus. Viremia was shown in the infected dams, and high-titered virus was detected in the placenta and later in the fetus, suggesting virus invasion of the fetus through hematogenous infection of the placenta. High-titered virus was shown in the fetal brain and muscle and in the brain of the young dying soon after birth. Intrauterine infection resulted in a reduction of the litter size, number of young born alive and survival rate to 1 week of age. These results were further corroborated by necropsy performed several days after virus inoculation. The stage of gestation at the time of virus inoculation greatly influenced these results. Dams inoculated at 12 days of gestation delivered all dead babies, whereas virus inoculation at 5 days of gestation had no effect on the number of young born alive. The dams inoculated at 8 days of gestation had reduced litter sizes and those inoculated at 16 days of gestation produced slightly fewer live babies. Gestational stage at the time of virus inoculation also influenced viral growth in fetuses and placentas. The infection rate was low in dams inoculated at 5 days of gestation, high in dams inoculated at 8 or 16 days of gestation and 100% in dams inoculated at 12 days of gestation. High-titered virus was shown in placentas and fetuses of the dams inoculated at 8, 12 or 16 days of gestation. These results suggest that Getah virus may readily cross the placental barrier through hematogenous infection of the placenta in mice.

Alphavirus↗