Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to T Kanehisa.
The present study demonstrated that a decreased frequency of HLA-BW52 was a common characteristic shared by the patients with Graves' disease and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with juvenile onset among Japanese.
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Echocardiography was performed in 18 patients with the aortitis syndrome and in 20 age-matched normal volunteers. The aortic root dimension, the aortic dimension at the level of the sinotubular ridge, the aortic arch dimension, the left ventricular internal dimension, the left atrial dimension, the interventricular septal thickness, and the left ventricular posterior wall thickness were measured. All measurements, except for the left atrial dimension, were significantly greater in patients with aortitis syndrome than in the control subjects. We concluded (1) that the patients with the aortitis syndrome may have an enlarged or narrowed aorta, a dilated left ventricle and left atrium, and a thickened interventricular septum and left ventricular posterior wall; (2) that the incidence and the degree of these abnormalities depend on the presence of complications such as aortic regurgitation and arterial hypertension; and (3) that M-mode as well a cross-sectional echocardiography plays an important role in the assessment of the aorta and heart in the aortitis syndrome.
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Microinjections of 0.4 microgram of carbachol into the amygdala caused a rise of corticosterone (CS) in the morning when the prestimulating level of CS was lower. But the same procedure with a larger dose had no effect in the afternoon, when the prestimulating level of CS was higher.
The frequency of HLA BW54 and B5 in Japanese patients with JOD is increased and decreased, respectively. In JOD patients without a family history of MOD, the frequency of BW54 is significantly increased, whereas in JOD patients with a positive family history the frequency was not increased in a statistically significant manner.
A possible association between the HLA antigens and immune responsiveness to SK/SD was studied in 90 healthy Japanese volunteers. No association was found between the HLA antigens, including B5, and SK/SD stimulated blastoid transformation. There was a week indication of an association between Bw22 and responses to SK/SD. But this was not statistically significant as far as the corrected P value was concerned.
The possibility that intraventricular administration of 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine (5,6-DHT) can cause a development of denervation hypersensitivity to central 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) was examined in rats with special reference to the pituitary-adrenocortical functions. Pretreatment with intraventricular injection of 5,6-DHT itself did not affect the basal concentrations or stress-induced increases of plasma B. The same pre-treatment, however, elicited augmented responses to subcutaneous injection of 5-HTP, i.e. there was a significant rise in the concentrations of plasma B as compared with those in the controls. These results suggest a development of denervation hypersensitivity to 5-HT following intraventricular injection of 5,6-DHT.
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Chick liver nuclear 5.0 S RNA, which stimulates RNA synthesis on chromatin, binds preferentially to the deoxyribonucleoprotein in homologous chromatin. The proteins found in the isolated deoxyribonucleoprotein-5.0 S RNA complex are total amount of both H4 and H3 histone, about 20% of nonhistone protein and about 50% of both H2a and H2b histone found in the original chromatin. Cesium chloride equilibrium centrifugation of the deoxyribonucleoprotein-5.0 S RNA complex after fixation with formaldehyde shows that the 5.0 S RNA is bound to certain proteins (acid-soluble and -insoluble) in the complex. The stimulation of RNA synthesis by the nuclear RNA fraction is due to the conversion of inaccessible region of DNA to RNA polymerase into an accessible one and presumably not due to an increase in the number of binding sites for RNA polymerase in the chromatin. The release of non-histone protein from chromatin following the addition of the nuclear RNA fraction is also briefly discussed.
The stimulatory mechanism of RNA synthesis of calf-thymus chromatin by nuclear 4.5 S RNA from the homologous tissue was investigated by using exogenously added Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. The RNA synthesis was initiated at low concentration of salt, and then the chain elongation was achieved at high concentration of ammonium sulfate in the presence of polyvinyl sulfate. Under these conditions the number of binding sites of RNA polymerase on chromatin which were capable of initiating RNA chain was increased by the addition of the 4.5 S RNA. This stimulation was presumed to result from the release of template restriction in chromatin. The polyvinyl salt minimized ribonuclease activity without changing the RNA polymerase activity bound to the template. Neither rearrangement nor release of chromatin proteins affected the amount or size of RNA produced. Preliminary analysis suggested that the molecular species of RNA produced upon the addition of the 4.5 S RNA from various tissues seemed to be heterologous.
A 47-year-old man who had cerebellar ataxia and low plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels is reported. His tendon reflexes were hyperactive and the plantar responses were extensor. There was no acanthocytosis. Total lipids (380 mg/dl), total cholesterol (106 mg/dl), esterified cholesterol (74 mg/dl), triglyceride (58 mg/dl), phospholipids (124 mg/dl) and free fatty acids (303 muequiv./l) were generally decreased. A disturbance of lipid absorption due to a defect of chylomicron formation and hepatic steatosis were also disclosed. On lipoprotein electrophoresis, prebetalipoprotein was very faint and migrated more slowly than normal. Betalipoprotein and alphalipoprotein were moderately reduced in concentration but migrated normally. The concentration of isolated VLDL was only one-tenth of that in normal subjects and it migrated as slow prebetalipoprotein. Although the lipid composition of VLDL was similar to that of normal VLDL, the lack of minor components was disclosed by SDS-PAG electrophoresis. Incorporation of [1-14C]acetate into VLDL lipids was significantly reduced to a greater extent than that of LDL and HDL. From these findings, we discuss the possibility that hypobetalipoproteinemia results from impaired VLDL synthesis.
Thirty-three Japanese patients with Graves' disease and 106 healthy controls living in the Kagoshima area, the southernmost part of the Japanese mainland, were HLA typed by the NIH method. None of them were related to each other. The only antigen showing an increased frequency in Japanese patients with Graves' disease was HLA-BW35 (corrected P less than 0.02). A decreased frequency of B5 in the patients was also statistically significant (corrected p less than 0.02).
Chronic effects of propranolol on plasma lipids and lipoprotein composition were examined in ten patients who had previous strokes and normal plasma lipids. Although plasma triglyceride and total cholesterol were not affected by propranolol, a slight decrease of free cholesterol and phospholipids and a significant increase of free fatty acids were observed in the eighth week of propranolol treatment. Reciprocal changes were observed in lipoprotein composition; these were an increase in lipids of very low-density lipoprotein and a decrease in lipids of both low-density and high-density lipoproteins. Postheparin lipolytic activity was significantly suppressed by the administration of propranolol. Inhibition of lipoprotein lipase by propranolol was considered to have played a role in the reciprocal changes of lipoprotein composition.
His bundle electrographic examination was performed during carotid sinus compression as well as atrial pacing in a patient who exhibited intermittent left bundle branch block (LBBB) and first degree A-V block. LBBB was observed at the corrected RR intervals below 920 msec and above 1600 msec. The QRS complexes showed normal intraventricular conduction between these 2 values. The critical cycle lengths could not be determined when ordinary RR intervals were used. The HQ interval remained constant at 70 msec regardless of the pattern of intraventricular condution. It was demonsrated that the patient had both tachycardia- and bradycardia-dependent LBBB with first degree A-V block due to HV block. The authors believe this to be the first case of tachycardia- and bradycardia-dependent bundle branch block studied by His bundle electrography. The important role of His bundle recordings and carotid sinus compression in the diagnosis of rate dependent intraventricular conduction disturbance was stressed and possible mechanisms underlying this rare condition were discussed.