Biomedical subjects

T Kameya

Publications and source records attributed to T Kameya.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

PubMed1992

A case report of inflammatory pseudosarcoma of the urinary bladder.

A case of inflammatory pseudosarcoma of the urinary bladder in a 35-year-old Japanese male is presented. This benign lesion can easily be mistaken for spindle cell sarcoma since it consists of rhabdomyoblast-like elongated strap cells showing infiltrative growth, and whether it is benign or malignant is difficult to determine by microscopic examination. In this case, spindle cell proliferation extended among bundles of the superficial muscle layer. However, no abnormal mitoses, severe nuclear atypia or cellular pleomorphism could be seen, thus indicating inflammatory pseudosarcoma. Although the lesion was not completely resected, no recurrent disease has been clinically observed for two years following transurethral resection. Urologists and surgical pathologists must be able to detect this lesion in order to avoid unnecessary surgical procedures.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Immunohistochemical studies of Merkel cell carcinoma of the eyelid.

Merkel cell carcinoma of the eyelid is a rare malignant tumor. Immunohistochemical studies can be helpful in establishing the diagnosis of this tumor. We encountered a case of Merkel cell carcinoma of the eyelid and conducted an immunohistochemical analysis for clarification of its cell properties. The patient in this study was a 78-year-old man who noted a small mass on his right upper eyelid, which was subsequently removed. However, the lesion recurred and progressively enlarged. The results of a biopsy indicated the possibility of a highly malignant tumor. The lesion was removed by orbital exenteration. Merkel cell carcinoma was finally diagnosed by using light and electron microscopy. In immunohistochemical studies, the tumor cells showed both neuron-specific enolase and cytokeratin. Most of the cells were also labeled with antibodies against the protein gene product 9.5, endocrine granule constituent and chromogranin A. However, no neuropeptides were labeled. The properties of the tumor cells appeared virtually the same as those of normal human Merkel cells.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

Pulmonary blastoma. Comparison between its epithelial components and fetal bronchial epithelium.

Three cases of pulmonary blastoma exhibiting biphasic epithelial and stromal patterns, and a case of fetal lung-type adenocarcinoma, were examined by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy (EM) and compared with fetal bronchial epithelium in order to explore the multidirectional differentiation of their epithelial components. The glandular cells of all four tumors resembled fetal bronchial epithelial cells in the pseudoglandular stage. Neuroendocrine (NE) cells were also present; they were argyrophilic and expressed pan-NE markers, neurosecretory granules and peptide hormones. The neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) was strongly expressed on the cell membranes of glandular cells, as in the case of proximal bronchial epithelial cells at the pseudoglandular stage in fetal lung. Sialosylated Lewis X was also expressed, indicating that the epithelial cells were possibly of endodermal origin. Two of the four cases showed considerable immunoreactivity for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). The epithelial cells of pulmonary blastomas may occasionally de-differentiate into cells functionally resembling fetal hepatic, foregut and yolk sac cells expressing AFP. Tumor examination by immunohistochemistry and EM suggested that the glandular cells of the tumors may differentiate to some extent like those of fetal large bronchi at the pseudoglandular stage, but there was concordance and discordance in the expression of neuroendocrine and oncofetal markers between blastomatous tumors and fetal bronchial epithelium.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

The AMeX method: a multipurpose tissue-processing and paraffin-embedding method. Extraction of protein and application to immunoblotting.

The authors have previously reported a new fixation and paraffin-embedding method (the AMeX method), which preserves many antigens as well as high molecular-weight DNA and RNA that are normally destroyed by the routine formalin fixation and paraffin-embedding process. In the present study, the authors analyzed the preservation of protein suitable for sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and immunoblotting in tissue fixed by the AMeX method. The method used for extraction of protein from AMeX-processed tissue sections after deparaffinization was the same as that for extraction from fresh tissues. The total amount of protein extracted from 50-mg (wet weight) AMeX-processed mouse liver tissue was the same as that from fresh tissue. The electrophoretic mobility and staining intensity of protein on SDS-polyacrylamide gel, and the immunoblotting pattern and staining intensity with several antibodies, were identical for both AMeX-processed and fresh tissue. Degradation of protein was minimal for storage periods of 2 years in paraffin block. The authors also showed that pellets of cultured cells can be processed by this method for immunologic analysis. This new fixation and paraffin-embedding method is a useful tool for obtaining information on correlations between morphologic features and immunochemical and molecular biological data.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Pitfalls in the double labelling immunoelectron microscopy using one face of the grid.

We compared two procedures in the double labelling immunoelectron microscopic method of hormone-storing cells: one-faced and two-faced procedures. With the two-faced procedure we got convincing results consistent with morphological finding, while we often got false results with the one-faced procedure. By the misleading one-faced procedure, the cell storing any one hormone will be misinterpreted as a multihormone storing cell. Therefore, it is concluded that the two-faced method is safer for the double labelling immunoelectron microscopic study.

Amylases↗

PubMed1992

Concentrations and molecular forms of C-type natriuretic peptide in brain and cerebrospinal fluid.

To develop a radioimmunoassay (RIA) specific for human C-type natriuretic peptide (hCNP), we used a highly specific antiserum raised in rabbits. Quantitative inhibition tests with various natriuretic peptides demonstrated that the 50% inhibitory dose of hCNP was 15 fmol, whereas those of other natriuretic peptides were 10(5)-fold higher, indicating a specificity satisfactory for determining concentrations of hCNP in tissues. Using this antiserum, we detected immunoreactive hCNP (ir-hCNP) in various regions of human brain and spinal cord, as well as in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The ir-hCNP concentrations in human neural tissues were approximately 10-fold higher than those of immunoreactive human atrial natriuretic peptide (ir-hANP). The mean (+/- SD) concentration of ir-hCNP (72.0 +/- 17.8 ng/L) in CSF also was 10-fold higher than that of ir-hANP (5.2 +/- 2.1 ng/L). Using gel-permeation chromatography, we identified two molecular forms of ir-hCNP in brain and CSF: a 2-kDa form corresponding to mature hCNP, which is composed of 22 amino acid residues (hCNP-22), and a 5- to 6-kDa form corresponding to an N-terminally extended molecule (hCNP-53). The latter form was predominant in brain; the former was the main constituent of hCNP in CSF. These results support the hypothesis that hCNP is a major natriuretic peptide, is synthesized in human brain, and functions in human central nervous tissues.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

[A case of granulomatous hypophysitis].

The patient was an unmarried, 25-year-old woman who presented herself with amenorrhea and lactation as her chief complaints. Radiography revealed a tumor in the sella turcica. Upon neurological examination at the time of admission, there were no abnormal findings affecting the field of vision or visual acuity, and no abnormalities were seen in the fundus oculi. In endocrinological tests, the basal plasma values of pituitary hormones were normal except for that of prolactin, which was 69.1 ng/ml. The preoperative diagnosis was nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma, and this neoplasm was resected by the transsphenoidal approach. Postoperative histological investigation showed vermiculous destruction of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, and also scattered lymph follicles accompanying infiltration by numerous lymphocytes and multinucleated foreign-body giant cells, and deposition of calcium. These findings, together with the epithelioid cells gathered around them, pointed to a diagnosis of granulomatous hypophysitis. The causes of granulomatous hypophysitis are known to include syphilis, tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, mycotic granuloma, and foreign-body granuloma due to the rupturing of a Rathke's cleft cyst, but no evidence of any of these was found in this patient. Another known source of inflammatory lesions in the hypophysis is lymphocytic hypophysitis, which resembles Hashimoto's autoimmune disease of the thyroid gland, and which is characterized both by the formation of lymph follicles and by extensive lymphocyte infiltration. In relation to the cause of granulomatous hypophysitis, thinking that it might possibly be an autoimmune disease, we conducted an immunological investigation, and also made a serological study of autoantibodies, but obtained no positive results.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Brain natriuretic peptides in human plasma, spinal cord and cerebrospinal fluid.

In cases of heart failure, the plasma level of immunoreactive human brain natriuretic peptide (IR-hBNP) measured by radioimmunoassay increased 6- to 46-fold over normal level (4.1 +/- 1.0 pg/ml), depending upon the severity. These levels did not significantly correlate to the levels of IR-human atrial natriuretic peptide in individuals. A 4-kDa IR-hBNP, corresponding to authentic hBNP (1-32), was predominant in normal plasma. In cases of cardiac disease, larger molecules which were assumed to be precursors of the 4-kDa form were accumulated in plasma. IR-hBNP was detected in spinal cords (7-24 pg/mg protein) and cerebrospinal fluid (8-19 pg/ml) of patients with noncardiac diseases. The major molecular form corresponded to the hBNP (1-32).

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Meningiomas differentiating to arachnoid trabecular cells: a proposal for histological subtype "arachnoid trabecular cell meningioma".

Three cases of meningiomas which had abundant small vacuoles in the tumor tissue are reported. By electron microscopy, the tumor cells exhibited long and thin processes, the tips of which were united by desmosomes. The tumor tissue was revealed to have wide extracellular spaces which corresponded to the vacuoles observed by light microscopy. In previous literature, various terms have been used when referring to this meningioma, such as microcystic meningioma or vacuolated meningioma. Since the ultrastructure of the tumor showed similarity to that of normal arachnoid trabecular cells, we propose to call the tumor "arachnoid trabecular cell meningioma" denoting its morphological nature clearly.

Cell Differentiation↗

PubMed1991

Plurihormonal adenomas. Analysis of 62 cases.

This paper deals with the cytological features of pituitary plurihormonal adenomas based on 62 cases examined by histology, immunohistochemistry, ultrastructural study and post-embedding immunogold electron microscopy, including double labeling. In GH-cell containing adenomas, there were 9 adenomas consisting of exclusively GH and PRL cells. The other 39 adenomas contained other hormones as well as GH and PRL. Other nine combinations of pituitary hormones or alpha-subunit were observed. Special emphasis was laid on the fact that a greater part of GH-producing adenomas (74% by immunostain) were PRL-producing, although the ratio of GH-cells to PRL-cells widely varied from case to case. Concerning the double labeling study on mixed GH-PRL secreting adenomas, we recognized the existence of secretory granules containing GH only, those containing PRL only, those containing both GH and PRL and those containing neither.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1991

Adrenocortical oncocytoma. A true nonfunctioning adrenocortical tumor.

We studied three cases of adrenocortical neoplasms that were detected incidentally after radiological examination of the abdomen. These cases did not demonstrate any clinical evidence of adrenocortical abnormalities, such as virilization. Macroscopically, the tumors were light to dark tan on cut surface. Light-microscopic examination revealed compact cells with abundant lipid-sparse eosinophilic cytoplasm and occasional enlarged nuclei. In one case, ultrastructural observation demonstrated abundant mitochondria. Immunohistochemical examination of all of the adrenocortical steroidogenic enzymes showed that none of the cases had immunoreactivity. No mitotic activity and no vascular invasion was observed. The postoperative course were uneventful. The follow-up interval varied from 8 to 27 months. These three neoplasms apparently represent the first reported cases of adrenocortical oncocytoma. They can be considered true nonfunctioning adrenocortical neoplasms because steroidogenic enzymes required for corticosteroid biosynthesis were not expressed in the tumor cells.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗

PubMed1991

A pulmonary large cell carcinoma cell line expressing neuroendocrine cell markers and human chorionic gonadotropin alpha-subunit.

A cell line producing the neuroendocrine cell surface antigen and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) alpha-subunit, designated as KTA7, was established from human large cell carcinoma using a serum-free medium, ACL-3. KTA7 continued to grow in the ACL-3 medium, showing the morphological characteristics of large cell undifferentiated carcinoma. The KTA7 cells reacted with antibodies such as 6H7 and MOC1 directed against the cell surface antigens and PGP9.5 directed against a cytoplasmic protein of neuroendocrine cells but did not possess either most epithelial markers other than low-molecular-weight keratin (Cytokeratin) or neuron-specific enolase. The KTA7 cells, by immunostaining with anti-hCG subunit antibodies, were shown to produce hCG alpha- but not beta-subunit. Northern blot analysis showed KTA7 RNA to synthesize hCG alpha-subunit mRNA but not that of the hCG beta-subunit. Thus, the hCG alpha-subunit alone was independently expressed in KTA7. Chromosome analysis showed loss of alleles of chromosome 3p and 17 in KTA7 cells but not loss of 13q. KTA7 was considered to be derived from large cell undifferentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation (large cell neuroendocrine tumor) and thus may fine use in studies on the pathobiology of large cell-type neuroendocrine tumors since it expresses at the same time marker substances of neuroendocrine differentiation and the hCG alpha-subunit.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗

PubMed1991

Sequence analysis of a mitochondrial DNA fragment isolated from cultured cells of carrot cytoplasmic male-sterile strain.

2.0 kb Hind III fragment isolated from cytoplasmic male-sterile carrot mitochondria, designated PKT5, was hybridized to ORF13 which is the coding region of a unique polypeptide in maize CMS (Dewey et al., 1986). Sequence analysis indicated that PKT5 is consisted of 3 domains. Domain 1 was identical to the 5'-flanking region of atp6 in maize CMS-TURF2H3 sequence (Dewey et al., 1986). Domain 2 contained a novel ORF encoding 72 amino acids, which was extremely homologous to the amino-terminal 67 amino acids of the unique ORF13 in maize CMS. Domain 3 except an amino acid change (Ile87 = ATT for Asn87 = AAT), was identical to ORF25 polypeptide in maize CMS. Connective sequences of these 3 domains were also highly homologous to the maize CMS-TURF2H3 sequence. Out of 7 recombination points in maize CMS-TURF2H3 sequence, at least 4 points were conserved in PKT5 sequence.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed1991

[Correlations between nuclear DNA content and nuclear morphometry versus histological grading of prostatic carcinoma].

The nuclear area, N/C ratio and anisonucleosis by morphometry and the DNA content by image photo-cytometry of paraffin-embedded tissues of 9 cases of prostatic hypertrophy and 48 cases of carcinoma obtained by open surgery, needle biopsy or by autopsy were correlated with histological grading. In histological grading, in addition to 9 benign hypertrophy cases, 11 were classified as well differentiated adenocarcinoma, 19 as poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and 1 as small cell carcinoma. All 14 tumors taken from distant metastasis were classified as poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Correlation of the data by tumor cell morphometry with those of nuclear image photo-cytometry was carried out on surgical materials alone. In autopsy materials, DNA ploidy patterns were compared between primary lesions and metastases. The DNA histogram patterns of most cases were classified into 4 groups. Hypertrophy was differentiated from carcinoma by the histogram patterns. There were significant correlations between mean DNA value and morphometric factors. One of the 4 histogram patterns had a higher mortality than others. The DNA histograms did not distinguish between the primary and metastatic lesions of the same patients. However, the DNA histograms constructed from metastasis frequently showed a single stem-line of the primary lesion. This study disclosed several correlations between histological grading and morphometrical factors.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1991

[Histopathological study of aortic wall dissection].

To determine the etiology of aortic wall dissection, a histopathological study of the aorta in 20 cases with dissecting aortic aneurysm (DA), 3 cases with Marfan syndrome and 3 cases with annulo-aortic ectasia (AAE) was performed. Controls consisted of 348 cases of normally-aging aorta. In cases with aortic wall dissection, the histopathological changes in the undissected media were also carefully examined. In Marfan syndrome and AAE, there was a marked accumulation of acid mucopolysaccharide (AMPS) and its distribution in the wall was diffuse in patients under 50 years old, resulting in changes in elastic fibers including fragmentation, elastolysis and reticulation. In contrast, DA was histopathologically characterized by zonal fibrosis and abnormally-dilated vessels in the aortic media. These lesions were found in 8 (40%) of the 20 DA cases. The remaining 12 cases also had increased vascularization and fragmentation of elastic fibers. This medial fibrosis and increased vascularization were particularly marked in older patients. Among the 3 diseased entities responsible for aortic wall dissection, DA differed distinctly from Marfan syndrome or AAE as to the amount and site of AMPS accumulation in the media as well as fibrosis and hypervascularity in the outer half of the aortic media. In conclusion, aortic wall dissection in younger patients may be etiologically associated with the increased AMPS accumulation in the aortic media which may always be accompanied by degeneration of elastic fibers in this study, however, in older patients zonal fibrosis and abnormal vessels developing in the media are responsible for the dissection.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[Studies on plasma immunoreactive human brain natriuretic peptide (hBNP) levels in patients with congestive heart failure and present forms of hBNP in human cardiac ventricle].

By using a specific radioimmunoassay (RIA) for human brain natriuretic peptide (hBNP), we measured immunoreactive hBNP (ir-hBNP) in plasma from patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). There appeared to be relationship between the enhanced ir-hBNP secretory activity and the severity of the failing heart as well as that of immunoreactive human atrial natriuretic peptide (ir-hANP). However, the secretion of ir-hBNP was augmented much more than that of ir-hANP in sever CHF patients. Gel permeation chromatography coupled with the RIA revealed that ir-hBNP in human ventricle is composed with gamma-hBNP and hBNP (1-32) as well as that of human atrium. However, we found differences of the gamma-hBNP/hBNP (1-32) ratio in atrial and ventricular tissues. These findings suggest that the hBNP secretion mechanism differ in the two areas of human heart.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Pleuropneumonectomy with combined resection of diaphragma, superior vena cava, and pericardium, for invasive thymoma with pleural dissemination].

A 63-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with chief complaint of exertional dyspnea. Right massive pleural effusion was found. After chest drainage was performed, chest CT scan and MRI showed several masses in the anterior mediastinum and on the diaphragma. Mesothelioma was suspected for needle biopsy. Pleuropneumonectomy with combined resection of diaphragma, superior vena cava and pericardium was performed. Histologically, the Tumor was mixed thymoma. She is well and alive for three years after operation. Pleuropneumonectomy may be a choice of effective treatments for invasive thymoma with pleural dissemination.

Diaphragm↗

PubMed1991

[A specific and highly sensitive radioimmunoassay of human brain natriuretic peptide].

We established specific and highly sensitive radioimmunoassay (RIA) for the detection of human brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and confirmed the presence of BNP-like immunoreactivity (BNP-LI) in human circulating blood and the heart. The antibody used in this RIA did not react any known human atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). Gel permeation chromatography coupled with the RIA revealed that BNP-LI in atrium is composed with high molecular BNP and low molecular BNP. Furthermore, dominant form of BNP-LI in human plasma was thought to be low molecular BNP. Mean concentration of BNP-LI in plasma from normal subjects was 5.9 pg/ml, which was about 5 times lower than that of ANP-LI. Mean concentration of BNP-LI in human cardiac atrium was 45.6 ng/mg protein, which was about 40-fold lower than that of ANP-LI. Furthermore, concentration of BNP-LI in human cardiac ventricle was in a range of 0.1-4.8 ng/mg protein, being about 1/20 that of cardiac atrium. These data suggest that BNP synthesized in human heart and secreted into circulation.

Heart Atria↗