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T Kaku

Publications and source records attributed to T Kaku.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[A case report of diabetic scleredema in a patient with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus].

A 70-year-old Japanese man with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus showed scleredema diabeticorum. The patient complained of edematous feelings on his hands, both arms and face. The time of onset of these symptoms was not known. He had typical clinical and histopathological findings of diabetic scleredema. His diabetic control was poor and HbA1c level was 8.2% under insulin treatment. The patient had many complications such as diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy with benign nephrosclerosis, hyperlipidemia accompanied with a low level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol, hypertension and coronary heart disease. There were no abnormal laboratory findings except the diabetic controls and mild abnormal renal functions; however erythrocyte sedimentation rate was high.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

The prognostic significance of tumor-associated antigen 22-1-1 expression in adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix.

We previously established (K. Sonoda et al., Int. J. Oncol., 6: 1099-1104, 1995) a novel monoclonal antibody, 22-1-1, generated from adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix, and 22-1-1 antigen (Ag) was expressed in cancer cells derived mainly from the uterus and ovary. In this report, a relationship between 22-1-1 Ag expression and clinicopathological variables and the prognostic significance of 22-1-1 Ag were immunohistochemically investigated in adenocarcinoma of the cervix. Of 56 cases, the 22-1-1 Ag was negative in 7, 1+ in 14, 2+ in 26 and 3+ in 9 instances. The 22-1-1 Ag existed both in the cytoplasm and on the membrane of cancer cells. There was no correlation between 22-1-1 Ag expression and age, stage, grade, myometrial invasion, lymph-vascular space invasion, lymph node metastasis, and parametrial invasion. The estimated 5-year overall survival (OS) of patients with low 22-1-1 Ag expression (-/+) and high 22-1-1 Ag expression (++/ ) were 90.5 and 71.4%, respectively. Patients with high 22-1-1 Ag expression had significantly worse OS than those with low 22-1-1 Ag expression (log-rank test, P = 0.0193). In addition, lymph-node metastasis, age, and clinical stage were significantly related to OS in univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis for OS revealed a prognostic significance in 22-1-1 Ag expression, stage, age, and grade. These data suggest that 22-1-1 Ag expression may be related to prognosis in adenocarcinoma of the cervix.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

Angiogenesis in adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix.

BACKGROUND: Angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth, progression, and metastases. Microvessel density (MVD), a measure of tumor angiogenesis, has been found to have prognostic significance in many tumor types for predicting metastasis and survival. METHODS: Between 1979-1989, 56 cases of FIGO Clinical Stage I and II adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix treated by hysterectomy were reviewed histologically. All hysterectomy specimens were stained immunohistologically for factor VIII-related antigen. MVD was counted in a x200 field (0.785 mm2 per field) in the most active area of neovascularization. Results were expressed as the highest number of microvessels identified within any single x200 field. MVD and several other prognostic parameters were examined for correlation with progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) by a multivariate analysis according to the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: In early adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix, MVD was increased significantly in invasive areas compared with adjacent nonneoplastic areas (median: 62.5 [range, 30-105] vs. median: 36.5 [range, 23-47]; P=0.0003). MVD also was significantly correlated with ascites cytology (P=0.0377). There was no correlation between microvessel count and lymph node status, depth of invasion, disease stage, lymph-vascular space invasion, grade, or parametrial involvement. Patients with high MVD (> or=75) had significantly worse PFS and OS than those with low MVD (< 75) (log rank test, P=0.0180 and 0.0199, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that MVD correlated significantly and independently with PFS and OS. CONCLUSIONS: In adenocarcinoma of the cervix, MVD is an independent prognostic factor for PFS and OS.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

Identification of persistent trophoblastic diseases based on a human chorionic gonadotropin regression curve by means of a stepwise piecewise linear regression analysis after the evacuation of uneventful moles.

Among the 191 patients with complete hydatidiform moles who were diagnosed and treated at Kyushu University Hospital from 1982 until 1996, 167 patients were diagnosed with uneventful moles retrospectively. The serial beta human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) values in the 167 patients with uneventful moles were analyzed by a stepwise piecewise linear regression analysis in order to establish a normal regression curve of a human chorionic gonadotropin after a molar pregnancy. This normal regression curve is considered to be excellent regarding sensitivity (24/24-100%) and to be equivalent to the identification based on a plateau or a rise regarding specificity (156/167-93.4%). To distinguish patients with persistent trophoblastic disease (PTD) from uneventful moles, this normal curve is thus considered to be accurate since the accuracy was 180/191 (94. 2%). The weeks exceeding the normal regression curve in 24 PTD patients were 5.04 +/- 3.85 weeks and were also earlier than the weeks based on a plateau or a rise (P = 0.01). Within 7 weeks after evacuation, in 21/24 (87.5%) of the PTD cases, the beta-hCG values exceeded the normal range, while in only 14/24 (58.3%) the beta-hCG showed a change in the shape of a plateau or a rise. In addition, in 19/24 (79.2%) of the PTD patients, the time exceeding the normal range was shorter than the time exhibiting a plateau or a rise in the beta-hCG change. The above findings thus led us to conclude that this normal regression curve was useful for discriminating PTD from uneventful moles more precisely and more quickly than by identification based on a plateau or a rise.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1998

Activation of adenosine A2 receptors enhances high K(+)-evoked taurine release from rat hippocampus: a microdialysis study.

The present study was designed to examine which type of adenosine receptors was involved in enhancement of high K(+)-evoked taurine release from in vivo rat hippocampus using microdialysis. Perfusion with 0.5 or 5.0 mM adenosine enhanced high K(+)-evoked taurine release. Perfusion with 2 microM R(-)-N6-2-phenylisopropyladenosine (PIA), a selective adenosine A1 receptor agonist, did not modulate taurine release. Perfusion with 1 microM 1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine (DPCPX), a selective adenosine A1 receptor antagonist, increased taurine release. On the other hand, perfusion with 20 microM 2-[4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino]-5'-N-ethyl-carboxamide-adenos ine (CGS21680), a selective adenosine A2A receptor agonist, enhanced taurine release, while perfusion with 1 mM 3,7-dimethyl-propagylxanthine (DMPX), an adenosine A2 receptor antagonist, did not affect taurine release. These results demonstrate that adenosine enhances high K(+)-evoked taurine release via activation of adenosine A2A receptors from both neurons and glial cells of in vivo rat hippocampus.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1998

Pharmacokinetics of nimustine, methotrexate, and cytosine arabinoside during cerebrospinal fluid perfusion chemotherapy in patients with disseminated brain tumors.

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of anticancer drugs in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) perfusion chemotherapy. METHODS: We administered CSF perfusion chemotherapy with nimustine (ACNU), methotrexate (MTX), and cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) to three patients with disseminated malignant brain disease. The drugs were infused via Ommaya's reservoirs to the lateral ventricle and removed by drainage from the temporal lobe or lumbar spine. CSF and plasma concentrations of the anticancer drugs were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and fluorescence polarization immunoassay. RESULTS: The concentrations of anticancer drugs in the discharged CSF peaked about 40 min after the start of a 1-h CSF perfusion. After the perfusion, the drug level in CSF decreased exponentially in a monophasic manner. ACNU and Ara-C were not detectable in the discharged CSF in the temporal lobe at 6 h and 48 h after perfusion, respectively, but MTX was detectable at 48 h. The maximum concentration ratio of anticancer drugs and the duration of perfusion were inversely correlated. The plasma concentrations of anticancer drugs were much lower than those in CSF. The half-life of ACNU was very short (0.2-1.1 h), whereas the half-lives of MTX and Ara-C were relatively long (2.81-13.5 h and 1.84 6.25 h, respectively). The half-lives of the anticancer drugs in CSF tended to decrease with repeated CSF perfusion chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: Results suggest that CSF perfusion chemotherapy enables a high concentration of anticancer drug to be administered for dissemination in the spinal cord within a short period of time, with minimal adverse effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Emergence of higher levels of invasive and metastatic properties in the drug resistant cancer cell lines after the repeated administration of cisplatin in tumor-bearing mice.

To establish a more suitable model for reflecting biological aggressiveness in clinically recurrent cancers after chemotherapy, we made the in-vitro-established cisplatin-resistant cell lines, by exposing the parental tumor cell lines to cisplatin in a culture system, and also the in-vivo-established cisplatin-resistant cell lines by repeated cisplatin administration to parental tumor-bearing mice. Although both cell lines similarly demonstrated a clinically relevant low level of drug resistance (from 1.5 to 2.9 times more resistance to cisplatin than their parental cell lines), only the in-vivo-established cisplatin-resistant cell lines showed significantly enhanced metastatic properties with a 2.1- to 3.4-fold increase in the number of lung metastatic nodules. These enhanced metastatic properties were caused by tumor invasiveness in combination with various levels of enhancement of cell attachment, proteolytic enzyme activity and cell motility. We concluded that anticancer drugs such as cisplatin could promote tumor progression only in the drug-resistant cell lines established in vivo. As a result, these cell lines are considered to be a more faithful and useful model for expressing biological aggressiveness in clinically recurrent cancers after chemotherapy than the conventional drug-resistant cell lines established in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Development and histologic characteristics of synovitis induced by trauma in the rat temporomandibular joint.

Histopathological changes caused by trauma to the rat temporomandibular joint synovium were examined by light microscopy. The trauma was induced by forced hypermobility of the condyle. Pathological changes of the synovium were found primarily in the anterior pouch of the upper joint compartment. The main findings included surface cell proliferation, increased capillary hyperemia, fibrin deposits on the surfaces of inflamed synovial membranes, and fibrinous adhesion between closely opposed synovial membranes. A gradual change from fibrinous adhesion to fibrous adhesion was also seen.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Sclerosing stromal tumor of the ovary: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and cytogenetic analysis with special reference to its vasculature.

Sclerosing stromal tumor (SST) is a rare ovarian neoplasm occurring predominantly in young women and is histologically characterized by cellular heterogeneity, prominent vasculature, and a pseudolobular appearance composed of cellular and hypocellular areas. In the current study, three cases of SST were ultrastructurally examined and the tumors were found to be composed of several kinds of cells, i.e., luteinized thecalike cells, spindle-shaped fibroblastic cells, and primitive mesenchymal cells. These findings thus supported the ovarian stromal origin of SST. Twelve cases of SST also were analyzed immunohistochemically and demonstrated an expression of vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor (VPF/VEGF) in the luteinized thecalike cells and its receptor, fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (flt-1), in capillary to medium-sized blood vessels. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) also showed an expression of VPF/VEGF messenger RNA in SSTs. Accordingly, the characteristic vasculature and edema of SSTs were considered to be associated with the expression of VPF/VEGF. In addition, a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis also showed cells with three copy number of chromosome 12 in 13-21% of all examined SST cells, which suggested the presence of chromosome 12 trisomy in SSTs as well as in other ovarian stromal tumors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Basaloid-squamous cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa: report of two cases and study of the proliferative activity.

Two cases of basaloid-squamous cell carcinoma (BSC) of the oral mucosa are described. The first case occurred at the floor of the mouth in a 58-year-old man, and the second case occurred at the mandibular gingiva in a 79-year-old woman. The laboratory data of the first case showed a positive response to hepatitis C virus antibody. In the first case, the tumor mass measured 4 x 4 cm in size, and was located at the lingual side of the median mandible beside the sublingual gland. In the second case, the tumor mass measured 25 x 15 mm in size, and was located in the alveolar mucosa of the right mandible. Histologically, both tumors showed a neoplastic epithelium arranged in a solid pattern with evidence of peripheral palisading, central necrosis, and some squamous differentiation. The proliferative activities of the BSC were compared with conventional squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) in the oral floor and gingiva, respectively, by employing a sensitive argyrophilic nuclear organizer region (AgNOR) staining method. The number of AgNOR per nucleus of the BSC was higher than that of any other SCC cases. The results support the opinion that BSC of the oral mucosa has a worse prognosis than conventional SCC.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Human placental extract stimulates liver regeneration in rats.

The effect of human placental extract (HPE) on liver regeneration in rats was investigated. After intravenous administration of HPE to a-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-intoxicated rats, the labeling index in hepatocytes was significantly increased to a level 16.5 times higher than that of the control. A 1/500 dilution of HPE directly stimulated DNA synthesis of the hepatocytes in primary culture. HPE heated at 121 degrees C did not stimulate the labeling index in vivo or hepatocyte DNA synthesis in primary culture, suggesting that HPE contains heat-unstable but potent mitogens for hepatocytes. HPE contains hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), but the mitogenic effect of HPE cannot be explained by the effect exerted by HGF alone, since both the labeling index in vivo and hepatocellular DNA synthesis in vitro stimulated by HPE were much higher than those stimulated by HGF alone when the applied doses of HGF were set to be almost the same level between each case. When HPE was fractionated on a heparin-sepharose column, the mitogenic effect of HPE was found to be located mainly in the heparin-bound fraction. Hepatocyte DNA synthesis induced by this fraction was enhanced cooperatively by the heparin-unbound fraction, suggesting that there are some modulators in the heparin-unbound fraction which enhance the proliferative activity of the heparin-bound fraction by a synergetic mechanism. Both HPE and heated HPE completely recovered the biochemical marker activity for liver function (glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, GPT; alkaline phosphatase, ALP; lactate dehydrogenase, LAP; gamma-glutamyltransferase, gamma-GTP activities and the bilirubin concentration) almost to the control level in the serum of ANIT-intoxicated rats, indicating that HPE also contains a heat-stable fraction which repairs liver function.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Tumor-associated antigen 22-1-1 expression in the uterine cervical squamous neoplasias.

We have reported that a novel tumor-associated antigen (Ag), 22-1-1, was expressed in cancer cells derived mainly from the uterus and ovary [K. Sonoda et al., Cancer (Phila.), 77: 1501-1509, 1996]. The 22-1-1 Ag existed not only in adenocarcinomas but also in squamous cell carcinomas in the uterine cervix. Here, a relationship between tumor progression and invasion and 22-1-1 Ag expression was investigated in squamous cell neoplasms of the uterine cervix using immunohistochemical staining. The 22-1-1 Ag was not detected in normal uterine cervix (0 of 10 total cases) and dysplasias (0 of 47 total cases). However, 20% of carcinoma in situ (4 of 20 total cases) and 16.7% of microinvasive carcinomas (2 of 12 total cases) stained positively for 22-1-1 Ag. Moreover, areas depicting microinvasion on histology in uterine cancers (stage Ia) were more strongly stained than carcinoma in situ lesions. 22-1-1 Ag expression was found to be more frequent in invasive squamous cell carcinomas (82.6%; 57 of 69 total cases). The 22-1-1 Ag existed both in the cytoplasm and on the membrane of cancer cells. These findings suggest that 22-1-1 Ag expression might be related to tumor cell progression and invasion in the uterine cervical squamous cell epithelium.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1997

Alteration of proto-oncogenes during apoptosis in the oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line, SAS, induced by staurosporine.

Staurosporine (ST) has been reported to induce apoptosis in many kinds of cultured cells. The pathway of the apoptosis induced by ST is still not clear. Certain proto-oncogene expressions have been shown to be involved in the apoptotic pathway. The present study characterized apoptosis induced by ST in the oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line, SAS, focusing on the alteration of proto-oncogene expression. SAS showed typical apoptotic features upon exposure to ST. We compared the level of gene expression in apoptosis induced by ST with that by withdrawal of serum, which is a common system to induce apoptosis. By RT-PCR analysis, ST-induced apoptosis showed c-fos and c-jun up-regulation, whereas serum withdrawal-induced apoptosis showed c-jun up-regulation and the same levels of p21/waf-1 and c-myc. These results indicate that ST can rapidly induce apoptosis in SAS, possibly via a c-fos and c-jun pathway.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed1997

Angiogenesis in endometrial carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Tumor angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth and metastases. Recently, microvessel density (MVD), a measure of tumor angiogenesis, has been found to have prognostic significance for predicting metastasis and survival in many tumor types. This study was conducted to determine how MVD was related to several clinicopathologic parameters and correlated with metastasis and survival in patients with endometrial carcinoma. METHODS: From 1979 through 1989, 85 cases of clinical Stage I and II endometrial carcinomas treated initially by hysterectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection were reviewed histologically. All hysterectomy specimens were stained immunohistologically for factor VIII-related antigen. MVD was counted in a x200 field (x20 objective lens and x10 ocular lens, 0.785 mm2 per field) in the most active area of neovascularization. Results were expressed as the highest number of microvessels identified within any single x200 field. Statistical analysis included the Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test of variance, and the Spearman rank correlation test. Survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and differences in survival were analyzed using the log rank test. MVD and several other prognostic parameters were examined for their correlation with progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) by a multivariate analysis according to the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: MVD was significantly correlated with tumor grade (P = 0.0281), myometrial invasion (P = 0.0282), and lymph-vascular space invasion (P = 0.0073). There was no correlation between microvessel count and lymph node status and stage. Patients with a high MVD (> or =60) had significantly worse PFS and OS than those with a low MVD (<60) (log rank test, P = 0.0116 and P = 0.0096, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that MVD correlated significantly and independently with PFS and OS. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, MVD was found to be an independent prognostic factor for PFS and OS in patients with endometrial carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix with predominantly villogladular papillary growth pattern.

We reviewed the clinical and pathological features of seven cases of adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix with predominantly villogladular papillary growth pattern. The patients, who ranged in age from 33 to 54 (mean, 45) years, underwent radical hysterectomy. In all seven cases, the tumors were papillary exophytic architecture lined by stratified epithelial cells with mild to moderate nuclear atypicality. In one of seven cases, the majority of the tumor showed villogladular papillary component, but the small foci of small cell carcinoma was present in the endocervical end of the tumor. The lymph vascular invasion was demonstrated in two of seven cases, and these two had pelvic lymph node metastases. One of these two patients had recurrence 30 months after the initial treatment and died of disease after 46 months. The follow-up ranged from 9 to 169 (median, 46) months. The presence or absence of lymph vascular invasion and minor components of this tumor such as small cell carcinoma, serous cell carcinoma, and clear cell carcinoma with a poor prognosis may be important histological findings before deciding to manage this tumor by the conservative treatment.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Relationship between pelvic lymph node involvement and other disease sites in patients with ovarian cancer.

In 109 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer, 25 (23%) had pelvic lymph node (PLN) metastasis. Positive rates of PLN metastasis according to the clinical stage based on disease distribution except retroperitoneal lymph node were 2% for stage I, 6% for stage II, 44% for stage III, and 64% for stage IV. The nine disease sites, such as subdiaphragmatic surface, liver and spleen capsule, intestine and mesentery, omentum, pelvic peritoneum, sigmoid colon and rectum, uterus and tubes, peritoneal cytology, and paraaortic lymph node (PAN), were found to have a statistically significant relationship with PLN metastasis by univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis using a logistic regression model selected the omentum and PAN as independent factors with a statistical significance. The incidence of PLN metastasis in epithelial ovarian cancer with the above two parameters can be assumed to be greater than that without the two parameters by 42.6 times. The present data suggested that for the disease with PAN and/or omental metastasis, removal of the PLN may be mandatory from the standpoint of cytoreduction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Early adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of the tumor depth, horizontal spread, and volume in early cervical adenocarcinoma while excluding adenocarcinoma in situ. Thirty cases who had been treated at our institution having cervical adenocarcinoma with a tumor depth of less than 5 mm were clinicopathologically reviewed. The volumes were estimated based on the portion with the largest tumor surface area by multiplying three dimensions: depth, horizontal spread, and a third dimension. The third dimension was calculated by the method of Burghardt to be 1.5 times the largest measured depth or spread. Two of the 30 patients recurred in the vagina at 18 and 163 months after the initial operation; the former patient died of disease 87 months postoperatively. The remaining 28 patients are all doing well without recurrence (range of follow-up from 24 to 232 months; median 79 months). No pelvic or paraaortic lymph node metastases were seen in 25 and 22 cases, respectively. None of the 21 cases with a lesion measuring less than 3 mm in depth had recurrence. On the other hand, 1 of 23 with a tumor volume up to 500 mm3 had recurrence. The estimated 5-year progression-free survival rates for patients with cervical adenocarcinoma with a depth of less than 3 mm and those with a depth of more than 3 mm were 100 and 88.89%, respectively (P = 0.116). The depth of stromal invasion may therefore be a good predictor of lymph node metastasis and recurrence in early cervical adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗