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T Kakegawa

Publications and source records attributed to T Kakegawa.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[A case of superficial spreading esophageal cancer with a long sclerosis of the esophageal wall and dysphagia].

This report describes a rare case of superficial spreading esophageal carcinoma with a long sclerosis of the esophageal wall and dysphagia. The patient was a 64-year-old male with dysphagia. An esophagogram showed a long sclerosis from the upper-third to the lower-third of the esophagus. An esophagoscopy revealed a small ulcerative tumor (approximately 3 cm in size) at the level of 33 cm from the incisor teeth, and intraepithelial spread, 16 cm in length. However, esophageal stricture was not found in preoperative examinations. Histopathologically, most of the cancerous lesions were mucosal cancers with severe lymphocyte infiltration and the marked thickening of muscularis mucosa. These findings suggest the possibility that the sclerosis of the esophageal wall and esophageal dysfunction may be caused by these pathological changes.

Deglutition Disorders↗
PubMed1994

Decrease in spermidine content during logarithmic phase of cell growth delays spore formation of Bacillus subtilis.

Bacillus subtilis 168M contained a large amount of spermidine during the logarithmic phase of growth, but the amount decreased drastically during the stationary phase. The extracts, prepared from B. subtilis cells harvested in the logarithmic phase, contained activity of arginine decarboxylase (ADC) rather than the activity of ornithine decarboxylase. In the presence of alpha-difluoromethylarginine (DFMA), a specific and irreversible inhibitor of ADC, the amount of spermidine in B. subtilis during the logarithmic phase decreased to about 25% of the control cells. Under these conditions, spore formation of B. subtilis 168M delayed greatly without significant inhibition of cell growth. The decrease in spermidine content in the logarithmic phase rather than in the stationary phase was involved in the delay of sporulation. Electron microscopy of cells at 24 hrs. of culture confirmed the delay of spore formation by the decrease of spermidine content. Furthermore, the delay of sporulation was negated by the addition of spermidine. These data suggest that a large amount of spermidine existing during the logarithmic phase plays an important role in the sporulation of B. subtilis.

Arginine↗
PubMed1994

[Influence of liver function on stereotactic microwave tissue coagulation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma].

We studied 21 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma with liver cirrhosis to investigate the influence of liver function on stereotactic microwave tissue coagulation therapy. The cases were divided into three groups by the operation. The first group received only hepatectomy, the second hepatectomy and coagulation therapy for any remaining tumor, and the third group received only coagulation therapy. In group one, the average value of ICG R15 increased from 26.6% to 33.8%. In group 2, the average value of ICG R15 increased from 18.9% to 32.1%. And in group 3, the initial ICG R15 was 26.1%; after four weeks, the ICG test was 25.4%. These results showed that coagulation therapy alone had less influence on hepatic function. We propose that the coagulation therapy should be selected for cases of HCC with liver cirrhosis which have a poor liver function.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Alcohol consumption and risk of esophageal cancer in Japan: a case-control study in seven hospitals.

In a multi-center case-control study, we evaluated the risk of esophageal cancer in the Japanese population. All patients and controls were inpatients in the surgical departments of seven hospitals nationwide. Patients eligible for the study were those newly diagnosed as having primary esophageal cancer. One control per case was selected from among patients admitted to the same hospital, and 141 male pairs were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. The results showed dose-response relation between the risk of esophageal cancer and both the quantity (g/week) and frequency (times/week) of alcohol drinking (P value for trend = 0.0001). Although a statistically significant risk increase was shown among moderate to heavy smokers (15 < or = cigarette/day < 25) (odds ratio, 4.35:95% confidence interval, 1.81-10.49), the dose-response for cigarette smoking was unclear (P value for trend = 0.07). No combined effect of alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking was found. A frequent intake of fruit was associated with a decreased risk (P value for trend = 0.02). After adjustment for alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking and fruit intake were found not to be associated with the risk, whereas a preference for high-temperature food and drink showed a statistically significant positive association (P value for trend = 0.02). Drinkers who consumed shochu most frequently showed a three-fold increased risk over that for beer consumers, although the association disappeared after adjusting for the amount of alcohol consumed. The present results confirm alcohol intake and a preference for high-temperature food to be associated with an increased risk of esophageal cancer and show the amount of alcohol consumed, rather than the type of alcoholic beverage, to be the main risk determinant.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1994

A case of radiation-induced rectal cancer developing after a long-term follow-up.

A case of radiation-induced rectal cancer is presented. In November, 1971, a 58-year-old woman had a stage II squamous cell carcinoma in the uterine cervix. She underwent a hysterectomy and postoperative radiotherapy. External pelvic irradiation of 10 MV x-ray was carried out in 15 fractions of 2 Gy daily, with a total dose of 30 Gy, and intracavitary radium insertion with a total dose of 960 mg hours (20 mg x 48 hours). She had been followed-up in our department since 1972, when rectal bleeding occurred. Proctoscopy and periodical biopsies were performed when the patient visited our hospital. There was no evidence of malignant tumor cells nor of recurrent cervical cancer from 1973 to 1989. In August, 1990, a biopsy specimen taken from a rectal ulcer revealed a malignant mucinous adenocarcinoma. The time interval between the radiotherapy and the development of the rectal cancer was 19 years. Microscopically, the main lesion was situated in the granulation tissue covered with the regenerating mucosal epithelium, and histologically was found to be a mucinous adenocarcinoma. Other radiation damage was additionally found including colitis, endarteritis and intestinal wall fibrosis. The evidence strongly suggested the present case to be one of radiation-induced rectal cancer.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1994

A retrospective study of 66 esophageal reconstructions using microvascular anastomoses: problems and our methods for atypical cases.

We have studied 66 patients who underwent esophageal reconstruction using microvascular anastomoses. This series comprises 28 patients with reconstruction using a free jejunal interposition between the pharynx and the cervical esophagus following pharyngolaryngoesophagectomy for hypopharyngeal carcinoma and 38 atypical patients in whom other methods of reconstruction were used. Successful transfer was achieved in 98.5 percent (65 of 66). Issues concerning atypical reconstruction and our procedures in these cases are discussed. In order to obtain adequate tension in the jejunum on the anal side, in particular, since the anastomosis is located in a deep or narrow space, autosuture instruments were used. The anastomotic leakage rate was 2.8 percent (1 of 36); the stenosis rate was 2.8 percent (1 of 36). To prevent necrosis in the trachea, a greater omentum flap was used in three patients, a mesenterium flap in two, and a pectoralis major musculocutaneous flap in one. There were no significant complications. In patients with a short gastric pedicle or in those in whom a double cancer occurred in the hypopharynx and thoracic esophagus, a gastric pedicle and a free jejunum flap were used together. As a result of this method, the incidence of any reflux of digestive juice was reduced to 0 percent (0 of 6). To reduce the possibility of an ischemic complication at the oral end of the colonic pedicle, we added a microvascular anastomosis of the colonic pedicle, thereby reducing both leakage [0 percent (0 of 9)] and necrosis [0 percent (0 of 9)]. These procedures involving microvascular anastomoses have reduced the incidence of complications in esophageal reconstructions.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1994

[Surgical treatment of gastric cancer with hepatic cirrhosis].

42 cases of gastric cancer associated with hepatic cirrhosis were reviewed retrospectively. These patients represented 2.8% of 1496 patients with gastric cancer who were treated over the 13 years period from 1980 to 1992. The male to female ratio was 3.7:1. On the basis of a detailed classification of the preoperative hepatic function into three risk groups, we have established a preoperative means of assessing surgical indication. Among the 42 patients, four patients were inoperable, and thirty-eight patients underwent gastric resection. One patient was died due to postoperative complication. In the preoperative assessment of operative risk, K-ICG was the most important factor.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Evaluation of the exercise capacity recovery process after lung cancer surgery by exercise test and expire gas analysis].

This study was conducted to evaluate the numerical changes and the recovery process in exercise capacity over time, and to establish new criteria that will objectively evaluate the recovery in exercise capacity after lung surgery using an expired gas analysis incorporating an exercise test. The subjects consisted of 47 patients that underwent curative resection (only lobectomy) for lung cancer in the four years from 1989 to 1992 that were able to undergo expired gas analysis incorporating an exercise test before and after surgery. The expired gas analysis were performed within one week prior to surgery and over a period from 14 to 449 days after surgery, maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) and anaerobic threshold (AT) measured, and the VO2max/m2 and AT/m2 were calculated as an index by dividing by the body surface area (m2). In addition, in order to examine the changes in exercise capacity after surgery, the presurgical values were used as 100, and the rate of change after surgery found. These rate were divided into the following measuring times, and the postsurgical changes over time analyzed. The postsurgical measuring times were divided into five groups from 14-30 days (n = 11), from 31-90 days (n = 25), from 91-180 days (n = 8), from 181-270 days (n = 19), and greater than 271 days (n = 8) after surgery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Experimental studies on immunotargeting therapy for esophageal carcinoma].

We produced two types of murine monoclonal antibodies, KYSM-1 and KIS-1, against human squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus for quantitative diagnosis and optimum therapy. The isotypes of KYSM-1 and KIS-1 were IgM and IgG1, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that both antibodies strongly reacted with human carcinoma cell lines of the esophagus, lung and oral cavity. Fluorescence activated cell sorter analysis demonstrated that each antigen of KYSM-1 and KIS-1 exposed to cellular membrane of squamous carcinoma cells and molecular weights of these antigens detected by KYSM-1 and KIS-1 were 60 kDa and 90 kDa, respectively, in non-reduced condition. These 2 monoclonal antibodies were labeled with 125I by the Iodogen method, and each antibody was injected into nude mice with human squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Regarding in vivo accumulation of 125I-labeled antibodies, however, KIS-1 alone showed significantly high values in the tumor at 5 and 7 days after the injection. From this result, KIS-1 was labeled with 131I and injected into the tumor-bearing mice with a dose of 200 microCi. Moderately effective results were found in the tumor by 14 days after the injection. Furthermore, KIS-1 was also conjugated to peplomycin (PEP). In in vitro and in vivo effects of targeting chemotherapy, the conjugates killed human squamous carcinoma cells and tumor-implanted nude mice. These results suggest that the 131I-labeled KIS-1 and/or KIS-1-PEP conjugate may provide a targeting therapy in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

3.4-Billion-year-old biogenic pyrites from Barberton, South Africa: sulfur isotope evidence.

Laser ablation mass spectroscopy analyses of sulfur isotopic compositions of microscopic-sized grains of pyrite that formed about 3.4 billion years ago in the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa, show that the pyrite formed by bacterial reduction of seawater sulfate. These data imply that by about 3.4 billion years ago sulfate-reducing bacteria had become active, the oceans were rich in sulfate, and the atmosphere contained appreciable amounts (>>10(-13) of the present atmospheric level) of free oxygen.

Geologic Sediments↗
PubMed1993

Periventricular nucleus lesioning modulates specific somatostatin binding in various brain regions and anterior pituitary.

The effects of periventricular nucleus (Pe) lesioning on the plasma growth hormone (GH) levels and the anterior pituitary (A.P.) and brain somatostatin (SRIF) receptors were studied. A transient significant increase in plasma GH level in lesioned rats was detected 1 day after the operation. This elevated level of plasma GH started to decrease 3 days after lesioning. These changes were paralleled by an increase in binding of 125I-Tyr11-SRIF-14 to the A.P. 1 day after lesioning. This result could further confirm that the SRIF inhibitory action on GH release takes place at the A.P. level. Also, a transient increase in binding of the radioligand was detected in some brain areas 1 and 4 days after the lesion. However, the mechanism by which this increase takes place remains to be elucidated.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Pituitary adenomas of patients with acromegaly express thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor messenger RNA: cloning and functional expression of the human thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene.

We cloned a human thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor (TRH-R) gene and its pituitary cDNA, and examined whether TRH-R mRNA may be expressed and function in the GH-secreting pituitary adenomas of patients with acromegaly. The human TRH-R consists of 398 amino acids and is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family. The gene has a single intron in the coding sequence. An addition of TRH caused an obvious increase in intracellular calcium concentration in chinese hamster ovary cells expressing this receptor. Although highly homologous to the rat and mouse TRH-Rs, the human TRH-R has several differences in the carboxyl-terminal structure. The sequence and functioning analyses showed the same expression of TRH-R mRNA in the pituitary adenomas as that in the normal pituitaries, indicating that 1) some adenomas of patients with acromegaly express an intact and functional TRH-R, and that 2) the paradoxical response of GH secretion to TRH found in the patients might be a direct effect of TRH on TRH-R expressed in the adenoma.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1993

Effects of hypothyroidism with treatment of an anti-thyroid drug, propylthiouracil on immune responses in chickens.

The effect of a wide range of doses of propylthiouracil (PTU, 0.01-5%) on the immune responses of young male chickens was examined. One-day-old chickens were rendered hypothyroid by PTU supplemented in the feed for 4 weeks. At all doses PTU treatment caused a significant dose-related reduction in body weight (except at 0.01%) and in relative lymphoid organ weights. Skin response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was significantly greater in the chickens treated with low doses of PTU (0.01-0.1%) and significantly less in the chickens treated with high doses of PTU (1.5-5%) than that in control chickens. Number of splenic plaque forming cells (PFC) to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was significantly increased in the chickens treated with low doses of PTU. Concentrations of serum 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxin (T4) were significantly lower in the chickens treated with all doses of PTU. Addition of T3 to the feed supplemented with 0.01% PTU replaced the serum T3 concentration and reduced the skin response to PHA and the number of the splenic PFC. These data confirm our previous observations that a low dose of PTU enhances and a high dose suppresses the immune responses of young male chickens.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1993

Prognostic evaluation of perineural invasion in rectal cancer.

To evaluate whether perineural invasion (PNI) is an important prognostic factor in patients with rectal cancer, we reviewed the records of 373 patients who underwent curative surgery. Thirty-seven patients (9.9%) were identified as having tumors with PNI. The incidence of PNI was significantly increased in lesions categorized as stage III by the International Union Against Cancer (UICC) system (20%). There was a significant difference in local recurrence between patients with stage III lesions with PNI and those with stage III lesions without PNI (p < 0.005). Also, patients with PNI of stage III lesions had a significantly lower 8-year survival rate (26.7%, p < 0.001). We conclude that PNI is an important factor influencing the prognosis of patients with stage III disease. PNI should be classified as a subgroup of the clinical stage.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Production of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (92-kDa gelatinase) by human oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma in response to epidermal growth factor.

We demonstrated that four human oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell lines (TE8, TE9, TE10 and TE11) produced matrix metalloproteinase-1 (proMMP-1/tissue collagenase), 2 (ProMMP-2/'type IV collagenase'), 3 (proMMP-3/stromelysin), and 9 (proMMP-9/92-kDa gelatinase) as members of a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family, which degrades extracellular matrix macromolecules. Under normal culture conditions, in immunoblot analysis, proMMP-1 of M(r) = 53,00 was detected in one cell line (TE8), proMMP-2 of M(r) = 72,000 in three cell lines (TE9, TE10, and TE11), and proMMP-3 of M(r) = 57,000 in all four cell lines. In addition to these enzymes, in enzymography, a gelatinolytic activity around M(r) = 92-kDa, likely to be proMMP-9, was detected in only one cell line (TE10) under normal culture conditions. When these cell lines were treated with epidermal growth factor (EGF), however, the agent stimulated three cell lines (TE8, TE10 and TE11) to produce proMMP-9 in a dose-dose dependent manner. Oesophageal carcinoma-conditioned medium stimulated oesophageal fibroblasts to produce proMMP-1, -2, and -3, suggesting that the interaction between oesophageal carcinoma and stromal fibroblasts also plays a role in the production of MMPs by the latter. Our present study illustrates that oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma produces a variety of MMPs including proMMP-1, -2, -3, and -9 in vitro, suggesting that the ability of MMP production of the tumour may play an important role in its malignant behaviour and that the production of proMMP-9 may be regulated by EGF via overexpression of EGF receptors.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1993

Para-aortic lymph node dissection for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer.

Para-aortic lymph node (No. 16) metastasis has been accepted as a factor responsible for non-curability in gastric cancer surgery. Recently in Japan, after detailed experimental and clinical studies of the lymph flows from the stomach and/or perigastric nodes to these No. 16 nodes, it is now considered to be curable. From 5 autopsy cases, the mean number of No. 16 nodes has been determined to be 43. The frequency of positive No. 16 metastasis (No. 16(+)) was found to be 24%, occurring in 35 of 144 cases with advanced gastric cancer following R3 gastrectomy plus No. 16 dissection. The 5 year-survival rate of R3+ No. 16 dissection was 70.1% in n1(+), 49.8% in n2(+) and 24.3% in n3(+) and had better prognoses (by Kaplan-Meier statistics) than those without dissection of the No. 16 nodes. Only 37 patients in the Japanese literature have had No. 16 dissections, and were confirmed histologically to have had No. 16(+) and subsequently survived more than 5 years. The number of those surviving No. 16(+) can be expected to increase in the near future with the adoption of R3 gastrectomy plus No. 16 dissection.

Aorta, Abdominal↗