[Dieulafoy's ulcer of intestine].
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Arteriovenous Malformations↗
Biomedical subjects
T Kajiwara
Publications and source records attributed to T Kajiwara.
[Study on intratumor administration of lentinan--primary changes in cancerous tissues].
Lentinan was administered for gastric cancer in order to determine what type of changes would occur as a consequence. In an experimental study, the intraperitoneal administration of lentinan on cancerous tissues caused a marked development of reticular fibers, along with an enhanced interstitial response. Findings which support the relationship between a marked development of reticular fibers and an anti-tumor effect, were also obtained. Furthermore, lentinan was administered for human gastric cancer to evaluate whether or not an increase in interstitial response would be observed. As a result, reticular fibers developed in tumor sites with a resultant fragmentation of cancer cell nests. Many T lymphocytes infiltrated cancer sites where the lentinan was administered. These findings suggest that the intratumor administration of lentinan enhanced an interstitial response and also activated an anti-tumor immune response in the human gastric cancer tissues.
Animals↗
The state of recurrence and the role of hepatectomy in hepatocellular carcinoma.
The subjects involved in the present study were 113 patients with hepatocellular carcinomas who had undergone hepatectomy in our hospital during the past 10 years. During the surveillance, 79 of the 113 patients (69.9%) had recurrence in the residual liver. The cumulative non-recurrence rate at 2 and 5 years was 48.4% and 18.1%, respectively and the cumulative survival rate at 2 and 5 years was 83.8% and 47.5%, respectively. The recurrence in the residual liver tended to occur in the group with the larger tumor size, in the single nodular surrounding proliferative types and in the aneuploid types. There were no differences in the recurrence rate and state relating to the operative procedure. To improve the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, it is necessary to consider the hepatic functional reserve after hepatectomy, and to make plans for multidisciplinary therapy, including such further treatment as transcatheter arterial embolization, infusion chemotherapy and preoperative percutaneous ethanol injection.
Adult↗
[Phase II study of CGS16949A, a new aromatase inhibitor--a dose finding study].
A dose finding phase II study of a novel aromatase inhibitor CGS16949A was performed in postmenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer. The daily dose of 1 mg (0.5 mg b.i.d.), 2 mg (1 mg b.i.d.) or 4 mg (2 mg b.i.d.) CGS16949A was administered orally for 8 weeks or more on dose escalation schedule. The response rates (CR+PR) in the evaluable cases were 13.6%, 22.0% and 13.3% in 1 mg/day group (1 mg group), 2 mg/day group (2 mg group) and 4 mg/day group (4 mg group), respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the response rates among the three treatment groups. Median time to the onset of PR was 99, 113 and 114 days in 1 mg, 2 mg and 4 mg group, respectively, and the median duration of response was 276 days, 391 days and 277 days in 1 mg, 2 mg and 4 mg group, respectively. Five patients in each treatment group showed prolonged stabilization of disease ("long NC", lasting > or = 6 months). Median durations of stabilization were 223 and 241 days in 2 and 4 mg group respectively. The incidence of adverse effects were 11.9%, 7.5% and 13.0% in 1 mg, 2 mg and 4 mg group respectively, and 30 out of 33 symptoms (90.9%) were of mild. Laboratory abnormalities were observed in 12.2%, 22.9% and 23.8% in the respective groups of 1, 2 and 4 mg, and no patient experienced clinical symptoms related to these changes. Plasma estradiol concentration at one month after initiation of the treatment decreased significantly in comparison with pretreatment levels, and was slightly exceeding the limit of detection. Plasma cortisol was not changed. As shown in this results, CGS16949A showed sufficient efficacy and good tolerability in postmenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer. It was considered that the optimal dose in clinical use judged as 2 mg/day.
Administration, Oral↗
[Clinical evaluation of CGS16949A in advanced or recurrent breast cancer--a multi-institutional late phase II clinical trial].
A multi-institutional late-phase II clinical trial of CGS 16949A was conducted at the dose of 1 mg twice daily in postmenopausal patients with advanced or recurrent breast cancer. Seventy patients entered into the study; 65 were eligible and 53 were complete cases. There were 3 CR, 11 PR, 10 long-NC, 14 NC and 25 PD with an overall response rate of 22.2% in 63 evaluable cases. The median period of overall duration of responses was 327.5 days. There were 22 cases that drug was found useful or better, and global usefulness rate was 33.8%. Forty six (76.7%) of patients experienced no side effects in this therapy. Grade 2 toxicities included anorexia (1 pt.), feeling of distension of abdomen (1 pt.), vomiting (1 pt.), fatigue (1 pt.), and only one patient experienced Grade 3 toxicity (anorexia). Grade 2 laboratory abnormalities were confirmed in two patients; one with elevated gamma-GTP and another with elevated LDH, and both were in the absence of liver metastasis. From these results, it is concluded that CGS16949A seemed to be a useful hormonal agent in the treatment of postmenopausal breast cancer.
Administration, Oral↗
Breast cancer in a male patient with prolactinoma.
A 68-year-old man was diagnosed as having left primary breast cancer. Systemic bone roentgenography showed no evident metastasis, however, skull roentgenography revealed ballooning of the sella turcica, suggesting a pituitary tumor, which was subsequently confirmed by computed tomography. Because there was a high serum prolactin level, the pituitary tumor was diagnosed as a prolactinoma. A modified radical mastectomy was performed for the breast cancer, and bromocriptine therapy given for the prolactinoma. Prolactin is known to initiate and promote breast cancer in mice and rats but little is known about its role in human breast cancer. If hyperprolactinemia plays an important role in the tumorigenesis of human breast cancer as it does in mice and rats, the incidence of breast cancer in patients with hyperprolactinemia may be high. To our knowledge, however, only four such cases have been reported. The present rare case of male breast cancer with prolactinoma is discussed with reference to the literature.
Aged↗
The presence of a common antigen between human gastric cancer cells and OK-432.
Twenty two surgical specimens of gastric cancer resected after administration of OK-432 for the skin reaction test were examined to determine whether the cancer cells had the same antigens as OK-432, a product of hemolytic streptococcus cells. When the tissues were stained by the PAP method with anti-Su streptococcus antibody used as the primary antibodies, the common antigens were demonstrated in 10 (45.5%) of the 22. The presence or absence of the common antigens was independent of the degree of skin reaction to OK-432, and the relations of the common antigens to other host responses were not clear in this study. This is the first report for the presence of such common antigens between human gastric cancer and OK-432.
Adult↗
An analysis of sit-to-stand movements.
We analyzed the movements involved in rising from a knee-high chair in 12 healthy men weighing within +/- 10% of standard body weight. A regular series of transition points was observed in the angles of the hip, knee, and ankle joints throughout the sit-to-stand movement, which was classified into six stages. As the duration of sit-to-stand movements increased, the duration of Stage 2 decreased, whereas Stage 3 grew longer. The durations of stages 4 and 5 remained constant. We also calculated the minimum unilateral hip and knee extension torque per weight in kilograms required for natural sit-to-stand movements, or N-Stand (1.7-2.3 seconds), and found that minimum hip extension torque was 0.7Nm and minimum knee extension torque was 0.9Nm. The minimum hip and knee extension torque required for N-Stand corresponds to a mean 27% and 30%, respectively, of the actual maximum hip and knee extension torque.
Adult↗
Rapid degradation of cucumber cotyledon lipoxygenase.
The lipoxygenase activity from cucumber cotyledons grown with their embryonic axis was separated into two fractions having M(r)s of 90,000 and 96,000, respectively, by hydrophobic chromatography. However, from de-embryonated cucumber cotyledons, only one form of lipoxygenase having a M(r) of 90,000 was purified. The three lipoxygenases could not be distinguished from each other either immunologically or by their enzymatic properties. Furthermore, peptide maps of the 90,000 and 96,000-lipoxygenases were identical. In a crude homogenate of cucumber cotyledons, the 96,000-lipoxygenase was rapidly degraded to the 90,000-form. Thus, it was inferred that the 90,000-lipoxygenase was probably the 96,000-form which had lost a peptide fragment of 6,000. It is suggested that there is a specific proteolytic activity for the degradation of 96,000-lipoxygenase. Estimation of changes in the proteolytic activity during seedling growth suggests that the activity at least partly contributes to the rapid in vivo degradation of cucumber cotyledon lipoxygenase.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Detection of the testis determining factor in an XX man.
An XX male patient was examined for the presence of 25 loci on the Y chromosome. Only 2 loci, the proximal border of the pseudoautosomal region Y and the sex determining region Y, were detected in this patient. The other 23 loci, including the zinc finger protein Y, were absent. We presume that a crossing over between the X and Y chromosomes occurred at the region proximal to the sex determining region Y but distal to the zinc finger protein Y during meiosis of the father.
Adolescent↗
Successful gonadotrophin treatment of hypogonadism in postoperative patients with macroprolactinoma and persistent hyperprolactinaemia.
We report on two males with prolactinoma in whom hyperprolactinaemia and hypogonadism persisted for several years postoperatively despite the administration of a dopamine agonist or bromocriptine. In these patients, a GnRH test revealed no response in the levels of serum LH or FSH. An hCG stimulation test provoked no response in the serum levels of testosterone. Case 1, who was 28 years old at the first visit, received parenteral testosterone and appreciable virilization of the genitalia was noted within a few months. When he married and desired to father a child, the treatment was switched to hCG/hMG combined therapy and spermatozoa appeared subsequently in the ejaculate, although their numbers were low. His wife conceived and delivered a healthy baby girl. Case 2 was a single young man who presented with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism and hyperprolactinaemia. He was started on hCG injections three times per week and the maturation of his genitalia was advanced rapidly. Semen analyses showed sperm concentration and motility to be within the normal range. Post-treatment GnRH test revealed no improvement in gonadotrophin responses for LH or FSH. In both cases, the hCG test repeated after the gonadotrophin treatment showed normal basal and stimulated testosterone levels. During the course of gonadotrophin treatment in these cases, serum prolactin levels remained elevated, and it is suggested that, in the two cases, the hypothalamo-pituitary function was disturbed by the tumour or its manipulation and the capacity of the pituitary gland to secrete gonadotrophin was impaired. Under such circumstances with persisting hyperprolactinaemia, hCG and/or hCG/hMG combination treatment can induce normal virilization and advance spermatogenesis sufficiently to achieve fertility.
Adult↗
[Surgical stress and lymphocyte function. Effects of PSK to prevent cellular immunosuppression].
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Antineoplastic Agents↗
[A giant esophageal ulcer in a hemophiliac with HIV infection].
A 21-year-old man with hemophilia B and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was admitted with hematemesis and melena. After admission, esophagogram and endoscopy showed a single giant ulcer with ovoid shape and slightly irregular margins in the middle esophagus. Biopsy specimens of the esophageal ulcer showed non-specific granulation and etiology was unknown. Therapeutic trails of famotidine, sodium alginate, acyclovir, and amphotericin B did not result in favorable response. With a combination therapy of dexamethasone and sucralfate, the swallowing pain was rapidly disappeared with gradual improvement of the ulcer. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a giant esophageal ulcer in a HIV infected patient in Japan.
Administration, Oral↗
[The pension system for mentally disabled persons--a questionnaire study on the application form to the disability pension and the pension-less].
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Adult↗
Molecular cloning of chalcone synthase cDNAs from Pisum sativum.
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Acyltransferases↗
Complete disappearance of metastatic abdominal tumors from gastric cancer after treatment with irsogladine maleate.
A 60-year-old woman with gastric cancer had undergone partial gastrectomy in September 1989. Pathological examination revealed a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of pT3pN3pM0 (not resected for cure), stage IV. Postoperative adjuvant therapy comprised 1-(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-5-fluorouracil plus uracil and OK-432. On 11 August 1990, two forefinger-tip-sized tumors were palpated beneath the operation scar. They increase in size, the superior tumor reaching 4x3 cm, the inferior tumor 5x3 cm on 5 September. Then, on 17 September, the inferior tumor was resected but the superior tumor remained; the histological type was poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. After the operation, from 20 September, she was given 4 mg irsogladine maleate orally every day. On 8 October, there was no increase in the size of the superior tumor. By 29 October, the superior tumor had disappeared and no further tumor appeared thereafter; the patient showed no sign of relapse.
Abdominal Neoplasms↗
A study of right unilateral spatial neglect in left hemispheric lesions: the difference between right-handed and non-right-handed post-stroke patients.
We report 20 cases of right unilateral spatial neglect caused by lesions in the left cerebral hemisphere. Differences in neuropsychological symptoms and lesions sites are discussed in connection with handedness. Of the right-handed patients, 6 had severe aphasia, 4 had Gerstmann's syndrome, and 1 had pure agraphia, but unilateral spatial neglect in these cases disappeared after a number of months. Six of the non-right-handed patients had moderate-to-severe aphasia, while the other 3 cases had no aphasia at all. Eight of the 9 cases in this group continued to have right unilateral spatial neglect for more than 6 months. Lesion site as determined by CT differed as to hemisphere, but all fell into the common area previously mentioned in connection with such disorders: i.e., the temporal, parietal and occipital lobes.
Adult↗
Des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (PIVKA-II) and alpha-fetoprotein-producing IIc-type early gastric cancer.
We describe the case of a 56-yr-old man with primary gastric adenocarcinoma, who had an extremely high plasma level of des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (2.45 AU/ml) and of serum alpha-fetoprotein (2810 ng/ml). Histopathologically, the gastric cancer was a IIc type of early cancer which consisted of a combination of a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and a well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. The association of a hepatic tumor including hepatocellular carcinoma or liver metastasis was ruled out by ultrasonography, computed tomography, radiocolloid liver scan, magnetic resonance imaging, and angiography. Foci strongly resembling hepatocellular carcinoma (hepatoid differentiation) were noted in the gastric tumor. Localization of des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin and alpha-fetoprotein within the tumor cells, especially within the hepatoid differentiated foci, was demonstrated by the immunohistochemical staining of tissue obtained at biopsy and the resected specimen. This case seems to be the first case reported in which des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin was produced by the gastric cancer. This finding supports the theory of hepatoid differentiation of a gastric cancer.
Adenocarcinoma↗