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Biomedical subjects

T Kajitani

Publications and source records attributed to T Kajitani.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Synergistic effect of radiation and N-nitrosoethylurea in the induction of lymphoma in mice: cellular kinetics and carcinogenesis.

The effect of a combined treatment with radiation and N-nitrosoethylurea (NEU), or a split administration of NEU in inducing lymphoma was studied in female C57BL/6N mice. A single intragastric administration of 5 mg of NEU was only slightly lymphomagenic, inducing thymic lymphomas in 20% of mice, while the incidence was elevated to 92% if the NEU treatment was preceded (by 5 days) by 400 rad of total-body X-irradiation, which alone is seldom lymphomagenic. A high yield of lymphoma (84-93%) was also obtained if 5 mg of NEU was delivered in two split doses of 4 mg and 1 mg with a 4 day interval. Drastic injury to both the thymus and bone marrow caused by either 400 rad total-body X-irradiation or the first dose of NEU (4 mg) was followed by a vigorous regeneration within a few days. The maximum induction rate of lymphoma was obtained when the subsequent dose of NEU (1 mg) was given at the peak of DNA synthesis in the bone marrow and thymus following the first treatment. The data indicate that the principal effect of the irradiation or the first dose of NEU was to provide a susceptible cell population, and that a high yield of lymphoma was brought about through the action of the subsequent dose of NEU on a sufficient number of target cells engaged in heightened DNA synthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The influence of family history of cancer, irradiation and anticancer medication (mitomycin C), on the occurrence of multiple primary neoplasms with breast cancer--statistical analysis by the person-year method.

The influence of family history of cancer, radiation therapy and anticancer drug therapy (mitomycin C) on the occurrence of multiple primary neoplasms, following treatment of a first primary cancer of the breast, was analyzed by the person-year method in 1,359 patients, in Japan. During 14,371.8 person-years of observation, 111 multiple primary neoplasms including bilateral breast cancers were found in 109 patients. The incidence rate of multiple primary neoplasms were 0.00772 per person-year. The incidence in patients with a family history of cancer was 1.29 times greater than that in patients without such a family history, and the incidence in patients with a family history of breast cancer was about three times greater than that in those without it (p less than 0.01). Radiation therapy raised the occurrence of subsequent primary neoplasms 1.28-fold (or 1.62 fold after 5 years), and mitomycin C (a total dose of 0.8 mg/kg) therapy caused no increase in the occurrence of subsequent primary cancers, after an observation of 10 years or so.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of 5-fluorouracil with ftorafur in adjuvant chemotherapies with combined inductive and maintenance therapies for gastric cancer.

A group of 243 patients with gastric cancer was subjected to a prospective randomized trial of adjuvant chemotherapy after curative gastrectomy. One of the three arms (regimen A) is induction therapy with a three-drug combination of mitomycin C (MMC), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) followed by intermittent oral administration of 5-FU for two years (MFC + F). In regimen B, 5-FU in regimen A is replaced by ftorafur, administered on the same schedule as regimen A (MF'C + F'). Regimen C is the control, in which patients are treated by surgery alone. Regimen A was proven effective for the suppression of relapse in the limited groups of moderately locally advanced cancer; five-year survival rates of the subset of stages I, II, and III were 72.1% with regimen A and 53.1% with regimen C (P less than .05). Regimen B yielded a better survival than the control, although the difference did not reach statistical significance. The results seem to favor 5-FU as adjuvant chemotherapy for gastric cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Effect of pre-operative biopsy for breast cancer on survival rate].

To study the effect of pre-operative biopsy for breast cancer on the 10-year-survival rate, 1123 cases with single cancer radically operated at the Cancer Institute Hospital between Jan. 1960 and Dec. 1969 were analyzed. The survival rate in 292 biopsied and non-biopsied patients with cancers less than 2 cm in diameter and no lymph node metastasis was not significantly different. There was no difference between incisional- and excisional-biopsied patients. However, the survival rates tended to decrease as the interval between biopsy and radical surgery increased. We conclude that pre-operative biopsy does not worsen the prognosis in patients with breast cancer. Early detection and treatment are of great importance.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1984

[Studies on carcinoma of the remnant stomach after distal gastrectomy].

Sixty-one patients with carcinoma of the remnant stomach after distal gastrectomy were admitted by the end of 1982. Twenty-six of them were gastrectomized for benign disease such as peptic ulcer and 35 for malignant disease such as gastric carcinoma. The age of the benign group was 58, and the average interval from the first operation was 19 years. The corresponding figures for the malignant group were 63 and 8 years, respectively. In the malignant group, the methods of anastomosis at the first operation were 18 cases of Billroth-I (B-I) and 17 of B-II. The lesion was located at the surgical stump in 7 patients and distant from the stump in 14 patients in this group. In the benign group, there were 10 cases of B-I and 16 of B-II, and no differences were seen in the location. Early carcinoma was noted in 11 patients, and 34 were advanced. Differentiated adenocarcinoma was observed in 25 cases and undifferentiated in 20 in the resected specimen. Although no metastases were seen in early cases, the rate of lymph node metastasis was 70%, and the five-year survival rate was 21% in advanced cases, and 80% in early cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Conditions suitable for the adjuvant chemotherapy of gastric cancer].

From a retrospective analysis of 1,169 cases of gastric cancer treated with curative gastrectomy and randomized controlled adjuvant chemotherapy of six different protocols from 1961 to 1981, good candidates for adjuvant chemotherapy were found to be those who had lymphatic spread of n1 to n2 or serosal involvement of S1 to S2 or stage II or III diseases. Multidrug combination therapy produced better survival than single drug therapy. Long term oral maintenance therapy was not yet concluded to be essential for the adjuvant chemotherapy of gastric cancer. Patients with relatively late stage disease should be treated earlier than two weeks after surgery.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1982

Characteristic echographic features of circumscribed cancer.

Of 964 amputated breast cancers which had been examined preoperatively by ultrasound and mammography, 147 breast (17.0%) contained macroscopically circumscribed tumors and 596 cases (69.0%) showed infiltrative tumors on examination of the cut surface. It is well known that infiltrative types of cancer show ultrasonic images that usually possess clear cut signs of malignancy, such as jagged augmented boundary echoes and acoustic shadows. On the other hand, circumscribed types of cancer do not usually show such signs, but exhibit lobulated shapes and strong, coarse and non-uniform internal echoes. These latter features are intermediate between those of infiltrative cancers and those of solid benign tumors. As such circumscribed cancers are often difficult to diagnose correctly by ultrasonic techniques. The diagnostic accuracy rates by ultrasound were 88.0% in the infiltrative types and 69.4% in the circumscribed types. The ultrasonic pictures of the 147 cases of such circumscribed tumors are classified and discussed.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1982

[Intramural injection of anticancer emulsion by gastroendoscopy].

Attempting to establish a topical chemotherapy for stomach cancer, injectable 5-FU emulsion (O/W type) has been developed. The distribution of 5-FU was analyzed by the procedures of quantification and X-rays. The combination of lipiodol having a contrast ability in the oil phase was studied. During the endoscopic examination before operation, 1.0 ml of 5-FU was injected at a site, a total of 50 ml at 2 to 4 sites in the submucosal tissue of the lesion. From the result of examination of 5-FU distribution in the extracted stomach and lymph node, it was confirmed that the drug was retained at the site of injection. In addition, 0.017-0.056 microgram/g on the average of 5-FU concentration was transferred to the secondary lymph node. At the same time, its distribution was monitored by X-rays. In those cases which received intermittent administration for twice or more before operation, the 5-FU concentration was detected at a higher rate than in cases receiving a single dose. This suggests that the therapy is markedly effective for stomach cancer and its metastasis to the lymph node as topical therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Febrile convulsions and rolandic discharges.

Clinical and electroencephalographic assessments were performed on 39 children with febrile convulsions showing EEG evidence of rolandic discharges and 23 epileptic children showing rolandic discharges with a preceding history of febrile convulsions. Ten families in which EEGs from the proband and his (or her) sibling or cousin demonstrated rolandic discharges were also described. The results of these studies stress a close genetic relationship between febrile convulsions with rolandic discharges and focal seizures or generalized convulsions that occur during sleep, namely, benign epilepsy of childhood with rolandic discharges. This indicates that the febrile convulsions with rolandic discharges constitute a particular subtype of febrile convulsions.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗