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Biomedical subjects

T K Hunt

Publications and source records attributed to T K Hunt.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Insulin-like growth factor-I reverses the impairment of wound healing induced by corticosteroids in rats.

Corticosteroids are widely used therapeutic agents that have as a major side-effect the impairment of wound healing. Two hypotheses were tested: 1) that antiinflammatory corticosteroids decrease the local insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) response to injury; and 2) that locally administered IGF-I would overcome methylprednisolone-mediated suppression of healing. The IGF-I concentration was measured in fluid from wire mesh cylinder wounds in rats given saline or methylprednisolone im. Rats receiving 8 and 16 mg had decreased wound IGF-I levels of 32% and 56%, respectively, compared to the saline-injected controls. IGF-I was infused (15 micrograms/day) by osmotic minipumps into wire mesh cylinder wound chambers of methylprednisolone (8 mg)-treated rats for 7 and 14 days. Methylprednisolone decreased wound DNA to 21%, hydroxyproline to 30%, and total protein to 5% of the values found in saline-infused controls. A 14-day treatment with IGF-I completely reversed the effect of methylprednisolone and increased DNA, hydroxyproline, and total protein to 216%, 109%, and 96% of saline control values, respectively. In conclusion, corticosteroids depressed wound IGF-I concentrations in rats, and an infusion of IGF-I into wound chambers reversed the corticosteroid-induced impairment of wound healing, as determined by the DNA, hydroxyproline, and total protein contents in wound chambers.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1992

Low-dose ultrasound effects on wound healing: a controlled study with Yucatan pigs.

This study reports on the effect of low-dose ultrasound in accelerating wound healing in matched pairs of surgically induced incisions and full-thickness and partial-thickness lesions in 11 Yucatan mini-pigs after 7 days of healing and 5 days of sonation. Tensile strength, collagen deposition (hydroxyproline), reduction in wound size (full-thickness lesion), and mast-cell degranulation were significantly greater in the sonated lesions than in the sham-treated controls (p = 0.01). Sonation enhanced strength by 24% and collagen deposition by 29%, when compared with controls. There were no significant differences in the quality of healing as measured by an ordinal scale. The results suggest that within the first week of healing, low-dose ultrasound facilitates wound healing. More research is needed to confirm the most effective dose, frequency, and treatment duration and intervention time for maximum healing.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Peptides from live yeast cell derivative stimulate wound healing.

Live yeast cell derivative is an alcoholic extract from yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) that has previously been shown by three groups of workers to stimulate wound healing. Live yeast cell derivative is a complex mixture, and it was not known which of its many components was responsible for the biological activity. This study describes the separation and analysis of the major components, one of which is a peptide fraction that stimulates wound healing. The fraction consists of a mixture of peptides from 6000 to 17,000 d. It causes angiogenesis in a chick embryo yolk sac membrane assay and in a rabbit cornea assay, and it dramatically stimulates wound healing in the "Schilling/Hunt" wire mesh cylinder model at concentrations 25-fold lower than those required for the intact live yeast cell derivative.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Self-surgery.

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Abdomen↗
PubMed1979

Deficient collagen formation by obese mice in a standard wound model.

Poor healing was demonstrated in two different experimental models of diabetes mellitus. In one model, there was an absolute lack of insulin and in the other, a resistance to insulin. A review of the history of the results of surgery in diabetic patients shows that in the clinical situation, wound failure is associated with both a lack of insulin and a resistance to insulin. Thus, the causes of wound failure in diabetic patients include a failure of insulin to perform its normal role in healing. This does not exclude other causes such as "small vessel disease" as etiologic factors, but it does suggest that control of metabolic derangements is beneficial to healing in diabetic patients who undergo operation.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Wound healing and aging.

There are "natural delays" in the healing of older individuals. Open wounds contract more slowly and incised wounds gain strength more slowly. Experimental studies indicate that cellular proliferation, wound metabolism, and collagen remodeling occur later in old animals. Clinical studies show, however, that operations can be performed safely in elderly patients and that the major increased risk to these patients is of nonwound medical complications that affect the wound.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Anaerobic metabolism and wound healing: an hypothesis for the initiation and cessation of collagen synthesis in wounds.

The implanted cylinder model was used to measure LDH activity and lactate and pyruvate concentrations in the extracellular fluid of wounds and wound tissue. Total LDH activity corresponded directly to lactic acid concentration and inversely to oxygen availability. LDH isoenzymes in wound fluid were in an anaerobic pattern soon after injury and evolved toward the aerotic pattern as oxygen supply more nearly matched metabolic capacity. Lactate levels in the wound space are elevated soon after wounding and remain elevated far above those in blood. These data again indicate that wound metabolism is characterized by a relatively poor oxygen supply. Current data from several sources indicate that lactate found in the hypoxic area of the wound may stimulate collagen synthesis in fibroblasts lying in the high lactate environment. We postulate that elevated concentration of lactate in wounds is a major signal for collagen synthesis and repair.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1978

Conversion of jejunoileal bypass to gastric bypass to maintain weight loss.

We have performed jejunoileal bypass procedures in 114 patients during the last nine years. Seven of these patients have had complications develop that required restoration of normal gastrointestinal continuity. In the last four patients in our series, we have performed a gastric exclusion operation at the same time that normal anatomy of the small intestine was restored. These operations lasted only three and one-half hours and were performed without difficulty and without postoperative coomplication. The metabolic derangements have been corrected and weight loss has been maintained. We believe that the gastric bypass provides the surgeon with an effective additional option in managing patients with serious complications of their jejunoileal bypass that necessitates restoration of intestinal continuity.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Antimicrobial systems of the surgical wound. I. A comparison of oxidative metabolism and microbicidal capacity of phagocytes from wounds and from peripheral blood.

Oxygen consumption glucose oxidation via the hexose monophosphate shunt, and superoxide production by resting and stimulated leukocytes derived from rabbit blood and from experimental rabbit wounds five to seventeen days old were measured and compared. In vitro killing of staphylococci by blood and wound leukocytes was also measured. In all of these studies there were no significant functional differences between blood and wound cells. The data presented suggest that under the same in vitro conditions, blood and wound leukocytes are functionally equivalent, that tissue mobilization does not cause alteration of wound leukocytes, and that aging of the wound does not impair the microbicidal capacity of wound leukocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Antimicrobial systems of the surgical wound. II. Detection of antimicrobial protein in cell-free wound fluid.

Human wound fluid contains heat-stable proteins with moderate antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and different heat-labile proteins with antibacterial activity against E coli. Blood serum also contains heat-labile antibacterial substances, but little heat-stable activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Both blood serum and wound fluid have bacteriostatic activity against S epidermidis, and early growth of Streptococcus fecalis occurs in serum and wound fluids. The concentration or activity of antimicrobial proteins increases during the first week in the fresh wound and then decreases as the wound matures.

Blood Bactericidal Activity↗
PubMed1977

Evidence for the involvement of microtubules in wound contraction.

Many theories have been proposed for the mechanism of wound contraction, that phenomenon of wound closure in which the skin surrounding the tissue defect is drawn into the open wound. When agents that inhibit microtubular function, such as vinblastine and colchicine, were topically applied to actively contracting wounds, contraction stopped. Cytochalasin B, an agent that reportedly disrupts microfilaments, did not alter contraction. These results suggest that wound contraction is related to the functioning of microtubules in fibroblasts within the wound and is proceeding at its maximal rate. The results tend not to support the theory that the microfilament components of cells are involved in wound contraction.

Animals↗