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T Jauhiainen

Publications and source records attributed to T Jauhiainen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Effect of ingesting sour milk fermented using Lactobacillus helveticus bacteria producing tripeptides on blood pressure in subjects with mild hypertension.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is important in the regulation of blood pressure (BP). Two tripeptides that inhibit ACE, isoleucyl-prolyl-proline (Ile-Pro-Pro) and valyl-prolyl-proline (Val-Pro-Pro), have been isolated from certain sour milks. The aim of the study reported was to evaluate the effect on BP in subjects with mild hypertension of a new sour milk containing tripeptides. The initial number of subjects was 60 (36 men, 24 women). Among the criteria for inclusion in the study were systolic BP (SBP) between 140 and 180 mmHg and/or diastolic BP (DPB) between 90 and 110 mmHg, without antihypertensive drug therapy. There were two study periods with a washout period between. All subjects were given 1.5 dl per day of a placebo (regular sour milk) or of the active product, a milk that had been fermented with Lactobacillus helveticus bacteria and contained 2.4-2.7 mg of Ile-Pro-Pro and 2.4-2.7 mg of Val-Pro-Pro per 1.5 dl. In the first phase, SBP fell 16 mmHg from baseline in the active group, 2 mmHg more than in the placebo group (P=0.0668) and no difference in DBP (P=0.92). There was a statistically significant downward trend both in SBP and DBP (P=0.0001). During the second phase, SBP fell 11 mmHg in the active group (P=0.008). The reduction in SBP was significantly larger in active than placebo group (P=0.012). In the crossover analysis combining both phases, SBP fell on average 2.6+/-15.9 mmHg more on the active product compared with the placebo product, but this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.3111). The difference in DBP, 1.0+/-8.3 mmHg between the two test products was not significant either (P=0.4431). In conclusion, the ingestion of sour milk fermented by L. helveticus bacteria and that containing ACE inhibitory tripeptides seems to lower BP modestly.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2002

Evaluation of methods for MR imaging of human right ventricular heart volumes and mass.

PURPOSE: To assess the utility of two different imaging directions in the evaluation of human right ventricular (RV) heart volumes and mass with MR imaging; to compare breath-hold vs. non-breath-hold imaging in volume analysis; and to compare turbo inversion recovery imaging (TIR) with gradient echo imaging in RV mass measurement. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined 12 healthy volunteers (age 27-59 years). Breath-hold gradient echo MR imaging was performed in two imaging planes: 1) perpendicular to the RV inflow tract (RVIT view), and 2) in the transaxial view (TA view). The imaging was repeated in the TA view while the subjects were breathing freely. To analyze RV mass using TIR images, the RV was again imaged at end-diastole using the two views. The RV end-diastolic cavity (RVEDV) and muscle volume as well as end-systolic cavity volume (RVESV) were determined with the method of discs. All measurements were done blindly twice to assess repeatability of image analysis. To assess reproducibility of the measurements, 6 of the subjects were imaged twice at an interval of 5-9 weeks. RESULTS: RVEDV averaged 133.2 ml, RVESV 61.5 ml and the RVmass 46.2 g in the RVIT view and 119.9 ml, 56.9 ml and 38.3 g in the TA view, respectively. The volumes obtained with breath-holding were slightly but not significantly smaller than the volumes obtained during normal breathing. There were no marked differences in the RV muscle mass obtained with gradient echo imaging compared to TIR imaging in either views. Repeatability of volume analysis was better in TA than RVIT view: the mean differences were 0.7 +/- 4.0 ml and - 5.4 +/- 14.0 ml in end-diastole and 1.6 +/- 3.1 ml and - 1.5 +/- 13.9 ml in end-systole, respectively. Repeatability of mass analysis was good in both TIR and cine images in the RVIT view but slightly better in TIR images: - 0.5 +/ -2.4 g compared to 0.8 +/- 2.9 g in cine images. Reproducibility of imaging was good, mean differences for RVEDV and RVESV were -1.0 +/- 4.8 ml and -0.8 +/- 2.8 ml, respectively. Mean difference for RVmass was -0.9 +/- 2.6 g. CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that gradient echo MR imaging is well applicable to RV volume and mass measurements. The best imaging plane for volumetric analysis seems to be the TA plane and there was no significant difference between breath-hold and conventional imaging. To assess RV mass, we recommend RVIT view; the TIR sequence quickly produced images of better quality compared to gradient echo images but no significant difference between masses was found and repeatability of analysis was equally good with both methods.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Progression of sensorineural hearing impairment in aided and unaided ears.

The possibility of "adult onset auditory deprivation" has been proposed as a condition of extensive deterioration of speech discrimination in unaided ears. Pure tone thresholds and speech discrimination were studied in a follow-up examination on 500 patients using hearing aids unilaterally. The follow-up time ranged from 5 to 24 years. In average the same amount of deterioration was obtained in both ears. Deterioration in pure tone thresholds increased after the age of 80 years and speech discrimination after 65 years respectively. The results obtained gave no support to the concept of adult onset auditory deprivation in unaided ears.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Hearing impaired children in developing countries.

The majority of hearing impaired children live in the developing countries. Limited resources are available for screening, prevention, diagnosis and intervention. These problems were the topic for discussion in a special session in the Congress.

Child↗
PubMed2001

[Tinnitus].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Humans↗
PubMed1998

Behavioural observation audiometry in testing young hearing-impaired children.

The aim was to examine the accuracy of unconditioned behavioural observation audiometry (BOA) in predicting hearing acuity in children and the validity of test results at various frequencies. The study was designed to longitudinally compare each child's best BOA response level (at the age >12 months) with the conclusive pure-tone threshold of the better ear. The subjects were 119 children derived from a material of 353 children fitted with a hearing aid at Helsinki University Central Hospital. BOA was carried out on 119 children, 19 of whom did not respond to frequency-specific stimuli. The predictive power of BOA depended on the severity of hearing loss. At the hearing level of 30-39 dB, BOA registered 10-15 dB poorer levels than the pure-tone audiometry. The pure-tone averages (0.5, 1, 2 kHz) of 50-69 dB agreed best with the BOA responses. In severe impairments (more than 70 dB HL), the BOA registered too good hearing. Correlation of the results from the two modes to measure hearing level was highly significant (r = 0.71, p = 0.000), and the pure-tone hearing level agreed with that of BOA at the frequencies 0.5 to 4 kHz. Our results show that BOA averages < or =30 dB rarely indicate hearing loss demanding fitting of a hearing aid.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Hearing disability assessment in evaluating hearing aid benefit.

The aim was to study the applicability of an eight-item questionnaire in evaluating the benefit derived from hearing-aid use. Since 1977, 3402 hard-of-hearing patients have been fitted with a hearing aid for the first time and followed up for 3 months in the Helsinki University Central Hospital. The questionnaire included eight situation-specific items in hearing: speech face-to-face, speech in a small and large group, loud speech, in telephone and radio/TV, doorbell, telephone signal. The scoring ranged from 0 to 16. After a 3 months' use of amplification, the questionnaire was completed again. The median (interquartile range) and arithmetic mean (standard deviation) of the prefitting scores were 5.0 (4.0-6.0) and 5.3 (2.33). The postfitting scores were 1.0 (0.0-2.0) and 1.1 (1.17), respectively. The difference was highly significant. An eight-item questionnaire in the evaluation of hearing problems provided a reliable numerical score of disability. Follow-up is important to secure satisfactory results in rehabilitation, especially in old age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Oral glycerol and intravenous dexamethasone in preventing neurologic and audiologic sequelae of childhood bacterial meningitis. The Finnish Study Group.

To assess the value of adjunctive intravenous dexamethasone (DXM) and oral glycerol (GLY) for the treatment of bacteriologically proved bacterial meningitis, 122 infants and children with bacterial meningitis were randomly assigned to receive DXM intravenously (n = 32), GLY orally (n = 30), DXM plus GLY (n = 34) or neither (n = 26) of these drugs. All patients were treated with the same antimicrobial agent, ceftriaxone. The patients were followed neurologically for as long as 6 months. A thorough hearing evaluation was performed routinely 2 months or more after discharge from hospital. Overall 4 (7%) of the GLY-treated patients, compared with 11 (19%) of those not given GLY, developed audiologic or neurologic sequelae (P = 0.052), the relative risk of sequelae being 2.94 (95% confidence interval, 0.99 to 8.72). The patients who had received GLY showed less severe or profound bilateral hearing impairment than those not given GLY (0 vs. 7%, P = 0.049), and none of them had other neurologic abnormalities 3 or 6 months after discharge, compared with 5 (9%) of those not treated with GLY (P = 0.024). The DXM recipients showed only a tendency to less severe hearing impairment than those not given DXM. In conclusion oral GLY prevented neurologic sequelae in infants and children with bacterial meningitis more effectively than intravenous DXM.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

Interference of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in IgA antibody determinations of Chlamydia pneumoniae by microimmunofluorescence test.

In the microimmunofluorescence test for measuring immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies against Chlamydia pneumoniae, removal of interfering IgG antibodies made IgA antibody reactivity patterns in 952 serum samples easier to interpret, prozone effects disappeared, and titers increased, especially in the sera with high IgG titers. IgA rheumatoid factors did not interfere in the assay.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Cochlear implants, vibrators and hearing aids in the rehabilitation of postlingual deafness.

Three groups of postlingually deaf adults were formed by non-random selection. The subjects with some residual hearing were fitted with a powerful hearing aid (HA group, n = 10). The others received either a single-channel vibrotactile aid (V group, n = 8) or a single-channel intracochlear implant (CI group, n = 10). Training containing individual counselling and rehearsal in small groups was arranged. During the follow-up (CI group 2.0 yrs, V group 1.8 yrs, HA group 2.6 yrs), the subject's achievement was assessed by a repetition of audiological testing and written questionnaires. Whereas the HA group obtained the highest scores in the audiological tests, the CI group found the implant most beneficial in everyday life. No significant improvement in the test scores was observed during the follow-up. The extent of personal training, after an initial training period and motivation of the user, did not affect the test scores or the subjective evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The Otorhinolaryngology Department in Helsinki: organization and otologic research.

The organization and the otologic research in the Otorhinolaryngology Department of the University of Helsinki are described. The department has 4 surgical wards, each with 22 beds, and a new surgical wing with 6 full-sized operating rooms. The ear research is centered on middle ear histopathology and immunology, focusing especially on secretory and chronic otitis media. There is an audiological and vestibular unit, the latter is expanding rapidly. Acoustic neuroma surgery is performed as team work with a neurosurgeon. The department takes part in a cochlear implant and Audiant prosthesis program.

Audiology↗
PubMed1988

Correlations between meatocisternography and audiological tests in suspected eight nerve tumors.

92 cases of suspected eight nerve tumors are analysed. Correlations between the findings in audiological and vestibular tests, patient histories and findings in conventional x-ray examinations and on the other hand those obtained in meatocisternography with air contrast in computerized tomography are drawn in order to see whether specific features of audiological tests can predict the meatocisternographic finding. The cases with positive findings are verified at surgery.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1988

Associated handicaps in children with hearing loss.

In the differential diagnosis as well as in the rehabilitation of hearing impaired children other disorders affecting language aquisition and speech development need to be taken into account. The rehabilitation programme is highly dependent on the early diagnosis of these additional disorders such as dysphasia, mental retardation of various degrees, cognitive disorders such as dyslexia and dysgraphia, dyspractic and dysarthric disorders of speech production, cleft palate and other anomalies of articulatory organs, autism and other abnormal features of psychic and personality development. In addition children with multiple disorders like malformations, visual disorders, epilepsy, CP and other diseases and handicaps, even though they may not influence language and speech development directly, may still be deprived of possibilities to aquire adequate verbal stimulation. The paper presents a material of 200 children whose hearing loss was diagnosed at the preschool age. Major associated handicaps were found in 35.5% of cases and in 26% they were complicating rehabilitation and development of the child. The frequency of associated disorders and their effect on language and speech development, learning ability and social development is being more closely analysed and discussed.

Adolescent↗