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Biomedical subjects

T J Sinton

Publications and source records attributed to T J Sinton.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Pathogenesis of postoperative hyponatraemia following correction of scoliosis in children.

Eight paediatric patients undergoing major surgery for correction of scoliosis who were treated postoperatively with hypotonic saline and 5% dextrose have been studied. Plasma sodium, renin and aldosterone, and urine volume, sodium and osmolality were measured. These patients had an impaired ability to excrete a sodium-free water load. In the first 60 h urine volume remained reduced, while in the first 36 h urine sodium remained concurrently high. If the first 36 h postoperation are considered, the sodium-free water given was quantitatively retained and the serum sodium at 36 h was significantly correlated with the amount of free water given (P less than 0.01). To minimize postoperative hyponatraemia and the associated shift of water into the brain causing cerebral oedema, it is recommended that no more than 50 ml/kg sodium-free water be given until urine sodium falls and volume increases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Comparison of 51Cr EDTA clearance with formulae in the measurement of glomerular filtration rate.

The need exists for a fast and accurate method of estimating glomerular filtration rate (GFR). A number of nomograms and formulae which estimate GFR on the basis of a plasma creatinine level have appeared in the literature. We examined some of these nomograms and formulae and showed that when the formula published by Cockcroft and Gault was compared with the GFR as estimated by 51Cr EDTA clearance, the coefficient of correlation was better than 0.94. We also compared creatinine clearance with the Cockcroft and Gault formula, and the Siersbaek-Nielsen nomogram. In each case, the correlation coefficient was less than that for the Cockcroft and Gault-51Cr EDTA comparison. Because of the inherent difficulties in making accurate 24 h urine collections, and problems associated with 51Cr EDTA studies, it is suggested that the formula prediction of GFR is more reliable than a GFR estimate using a 24 h collection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Reference intervals for calcium, phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase as derived on the basis of multichannel-analyzer profiles.

In an attempt to demonstrate a rapid and economical approach to deriving reference intervals, we analyzed data on plasma calcium and phosphate from a multichannel analyzer for more than 20 000 subjects and data on alkaline phosphatase from more than 10 000 subjects. Subjects were selected by the criterion, that their results for constituents other than the one of interest were within current reference intervals. Thus we have been able to include older patients who have diseases that accompany old age, but that do not affect test results. The mean concentrations of calcium and phosphate decreased with increasing age in both sexes, except for an abrupt increase for women about the time of reaching menopause. Similarly, the mean alkaline phosphatase activity increased with age in both sexes, reflecting a skewed frequency distribution. Here also, there was an abrupt increase in the modal value for women near menopause.

Adult↗