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T J Liu

Publications and source records attributed to T J Liu.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Expression of basic fibroblast growth factor in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck is associated with degree of histologic differentiation.

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is a potent nitogen and angiogenic protein that may function as an autocrine growth regulator in a variety of malignancies. Expression of bFGF in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) was characterized by Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses. We found that the levels of bFGF in tumors were the same or reduced relative to non-malignant adjacent mucosa. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot transfer of mRNA derived from 7 SCCHN cell lines showed that the IIIb isoform of FGF-receptor 2 (FGFR2) was expressed at high levels, whereas the IIIc isoform and FGFRI were weakly expressed or not detected. No correlation was observed between levels of bFGF revealed by immunohistochemical staining and vascular counts in frozen sections derived from 11 different SCCHN tumors. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that all differentiated tumors exhibited high levels of bFGF immunoreactivity, while all poorly differentiated tumors exhibited low to nondetectable levels. This expression pattern is consistent with that observed in non-tumoral mucosa and suggests that other angiogenic factors must play a predominant role in the development of poorly differentiated SCCHN.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1995

In vivo molecular therapy with p53 adenovirus for microscopic residual head and neck squamous carcinoma.

Developing gene therapy strategies may allow contemporary medicine to reassess its management of solid malignancies. We have demonstrated previously that the wild-type p53 adenovirus (Ad5CMV-p53) suppressed the growth of established tumors of the head and neck. In this paper we develop a microscopic residual model which mimics the postsurgical environment of head and neck cancer patients with advanced disease. Using this squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck model, we prevented the establishment of tumors in nude mice in which tumor cells had been s.c. implanted by transiently introducing exogenous wild-type p53 via an adenoviral vector 2 days following tumor cell implantation. These effects were vector dose dependent but independent on the endogenous wild-type or mutated p53 status of the cells. Importantly, karyotypically normal and nontumorigenic fibroblast cell lines are inert to the p53 adenovirus treatment. These results pave the ground work for further development of molecular therapy for head and neck cancer and other solid malignancies.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1995

HER-2/neu oncogene characterization in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the HER-2/neu oncogene in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines and tumor tissue specimens. DESIGN: Molecular analysis of HER-2/neu oncogene amplification and expression in HNSCC cell lines by Southern, Northern, and Western blot techniques, and HER-2/neu oncoprotein expression in HNSCC tumor tissue sections by immunohistochemical analysis. SPECIMENS: Eleven HNSCC cell lines, eight paired samples of frozen HNSCC tumor tissue specimens and adjacent nonmalignant mucosa, and 38 paraffin-embedded slides derived from HNSCC tumor specimens (including those from which the cell lines were derived) were analyzed. RESULTS: Southern blot analysis showed twofold HER-2/neu gene amplification in two (18%) of the 11 HNSCC cell lines, MDA-1386 and Tu-167. Northern blot analysis showed messenger RNA overexpression in the same two cell lines, and to a lesser degree in MDA-1483. Western blot analysis showed high levels of HER-2/neu oncoprotein expression in two (18%) of the 11 cell lines (MDA-1386 and Tu-167), a moderate level of protein expression in one cell line (9%) (MDA-1483), and low levels of protein expression in eight cell lines (73%). Some HER-2/neu protein expression was seen in all of the HNSCC cell lines. Immunohistochemical analysis of the tumor tissue sections from which the cell lines were derived corroborated the Western blot results. Western blot analysis of frozen primary tumor specimens showed HER-2/neu oncoprotein overexpression in two (25%) of eight specimens. Immunohistochemical analysis showed high levels of protein expression in six (16%) of the 38 tumor tissue slides, moderate levels in 12 (31%), and low levels in 20 (53%). CONCLUSIONS: The HER-2/neu oncogene is overexpressed in a subset of HNSCC tumors and cell lines. The results from Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses underscore a variable HER2/neu oncoprotein expression in HNSCC. Gene amplification was observed in a few of the cell lines, suggesting a potential mechanism of oncoprotein overexpression. Messenger RNA overexpression, however, can be seen in the absence of gene amplification, indicating that transcriptional or posttranscriptional control mechanisms must be involved. Further studies are indicated to determine the biologic role of HER-2/neu expression in the clinical progression of these lesions and to further define the molecular basis regulating its expression.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for resectable large hepatocellular carcinoma: a reappraisal.

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) improves the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by causing tumour necrosis and shrinkage. Fifty-two patients with resectable large HCC (defined as a maximal tumour diameter of 10 cm or more) were prospectively randomized into two groups: group 1 comprised 24 patients who had 1-5 sessions of TACE before operation; group 2 consisted of the other 28 patients, on whom surgery was performed without delay. Tumour volume was reduced to a mean (s.d.) of 42.8 (15.3) per cent in 16 patients in group 1, but remained unchanged in four and increased in size in a further four. Patients in group 1 had a slightly longer operating time (5.5 versus 4.6 h, P = 0.09), a higher rate of concomitant resection of adjacent organs (58 versus 25 per cent, P = 0.03) and a higher rate of histological invasion to these organs (33 versus 4 per cent, P = 0.01). No difference was found between the two groups in operative blood loss, operative morbidity and mortality rates, and pathological staging. The disease-free survival rate in the two groups was similar, but the incidence of extrahepatic cancer recurrence was higher in group 1 (57 versus 23 per cent, P = 0.03). The actuarial survival rate was also significantly worse in group 1 when determined from the time of detection of the tumour (P = 0.03) or from operation (P = 0.01). It is concluded that preoperative TACE for resectable large HCC should be avoided because it does not provide complete necrosis in large tumours and results in delayed surgery and difficulty in the treatment of recurrent lesions, without any benefit.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1995

Definitive surgical treatment for cholelithiasis in selected patients with liver cirrhosis.

To determine whether definitive surgery such as cholecysectomy or extraction of bile duct stones is appropriate in cirrhotic patients the results of definitive surgery have been reviewed retrospectively in a group of 112 cirrhotic patients with cholelithiasis. Eighty-seven of these patients underwent definitive surgery for gallstones and the remaining 25 were treated conservatively. Child's criteria were applied to each patient. Patients with Child's grade A disease had fewer emergency procedures, operative blood loss and transfusion were less and they had a shorter hospital stay compared with patients with grades B and C. There were 4 deaths after definitive surgery for emergency conditions and these were all in Child's grade C. Of the 83 survivors after definitive procedures 78 patients (93.9%) were still alive 52.8 months later without any biliary tract symptoms. Of the 25 patients undergoing conservative treatment 2 were Child's B and 23 were Child's C grade. We suggest that definitive surgery can be carried out safely, in Child's A and B cirrhotic patients, either electively or as an emergency. However, a more conservative approach is advisable in Child C patients with acute conditions and definitive surgery is recommended as an elective procedure after the liver function has improved.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Transduction of normal and malignant oral epithelium by an adenovirus vector: the effect of dose and treatment time on transduction efficiency and tissue penetration.

We tested an adenovirus vector that carries a beta-D-galactosidase marker gene for its ability to transduce normal oral mucosa and oral carcinoma cells. Topical application of adenovirus to normal oral mucosa of mice at 1 x 10(10) plaque-forming units (pfu)/mL for 1 minute did not result in transduction of epithelial cells. Similarly, topical application to human oral mucosa ex vivo was not successful. However, systemic administration by intracardiac injection of hamsters did transduce normal oral mucosa effectively. To evaluate transduction of carcinomas, the Tu138 human oral cancer cell line was used. A single application of virus at 1 x 10(8) pfu/mL in vitro resulted in 30% of oral carcinoma cells expressing the marker gene, and 2 x 10(8) pfu/mL transduced 60% of cells. After two applications of virus at 2 x 10(8) pfu/mL with an interval of 18 hours, 100% of oral carcinoma cells expressed the marker gene. Topical application to a raft culture of Tu138 cells for 1 hour produced gene expression that penetrated up to four layers of cells. To emulate the effect of treating a carcinoma, Tu138 cells were implanted subcutaneously in nude mice, allowed to grow to a tumor 1 cm in diameter, and then injected directly with virus. This produced diffuse transduction of around 30% of cells in the tumor, and expression was seen in cells at a significant distance from the injection site. Adenovirus vectors are therefore capable of transferring novel genetic information to both normal and malignant oral mucosa. They may have potential for use in gene therapy in the prevention or treatment of oral squamous carcinomas.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1995

Isolated resection of proper caudate lobe for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic liver: a case report.

The caudate lobe of the liver is located between the hepatic hilum and the inferior vena cava. Resection of the caudate lobe alone, without sacrificing other parts of the liver, is a surgical challenge. An isolated resection of proper caudate lobe was accomplished here in a 64-year-old man with hepatocellular carcinoma complicated by liver cirrhosis. The post-operative course was uneventful. The patient remains free of disease two years after operation. The technique used is described to advocate isolated caudate lobectomy for a patient with cirrhosis with a caudate lobe hepatocellular carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1994

Growth suppression of human head and neck cancer cells by the introduction of a wild-type p53 gene via a recombinant adenovirus.

Mutations of the p53 gene constitute one of the most frequent genetic alterations in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). In this study, we introduced wild-type p53 into two separate SCCHN cell lines via a recombinant adenoviral vector, Ad5CMV-p53. Northern blotting showed that following infection by the wild-type p53 adenovirus (Ad5CMV-p53), cells produced up to 10-fold higher levels of exogenous p53 mRNA than cells treated with vector only (without p53). Western blotting showed that the increased levels of p53 protein produced in the Ad5CMV-p53-infected cells were a reflection of p53 mRNA expression. In vitro growth assays revealed growth arrest following Ad5CMV-p53 infection as well as cell morphological changes consistent with apoptosis. In vivo studies in nude mice with established s.c. squamous carcinoma nodules showed that tumor volumes were significantly reduced in mice that received peritumoral infiltration of Ad5CMV-p53. These data suggest that Ad5CMV-p53 may be further developed as a potential novel therapeutic agent for SCCHN since introduction of wild-type p53 into SCCHN cell lines attenuates their replication and tumor growth.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1994

The use of technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile breast scintigraphy to evaluate palpable breast masses.

Thirty-eight female patients (age range: 31-79 years) with breast masses underwent technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (99mTc-MIBI) breast scintigraphy in order to assess the value of this technique in the detection of breast carcinomas and in their differentiation from benign breast masses. The results showed that 27 of the 32 cases of breast carcinoma were detected by 99mTc-MIBI breast scintigraphy. In contrast, none of the six benign lesions could be detected by this method. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 84%, 100% and 87%, respectively, in the differentiation of malignant and benign breast masses. In conclusion, we consider 99mTc-MIBI breast scintigraphy is useful in distinguishing malignancies from benign breast masses.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Hepatocellular carcinoma with adjacent organ extension: the enhancement of preoperative transcatheter arterial embolization and the results of surgical resection.

A review was conducted on 93 patients with hepatocellular cellular carcinoma (HCC) who underwent a collective total of 98 resections. A total of 24 hepatic resections were performed on 22 patients who had a serosa-exposed tumor (group A), for which combined resection of the adjacent organs was also required due to gross tumor invasion. The tumors of the group A patients were larger, had a higher incidence of intrahepatic vascular involvement, and were in a more advanced stage than those of the other patients (group B). Nevertheless, there were no differences in operative morbidity and mortality between the two groups. Only ten of the group A patients, who each underwent one operation, had concomitantly resected adjacent organs histologically invaded by HCC, while histological examination revealed adhesions in the remaining surgical specimens of concomitantly resected adjacent organs. More of the group A patients had undergone a preoperative transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE), which may enhance the histological invasion of HCC to the adjacent organs. The median survival times of the group A and B patients were 15.3 months and 40.1 months, respectively (P < 0.05), although whether the concomitantly resected organs were truly invaded by HCC did not influence the prognosis. Thus, en bloc combined resection of HCC-invaded adjacent organs is still advocated even for recurrent tumors; however, for serosa-exposed HCC after TAE, earlier resection is recommended whenever possible to avoid invasion of the adjacent organs.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Pneumoperitoneum caused by spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: a case report.

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) rarely presents as pneumoperitoneum. Only four such cases have been reported in the English literature. This report concerns a 65 year-old male patient with SBP and pneumoperitoneum. He has had a history of peptic ulcer. However, upon examination, no associated diseases or compromised immunity was detected. He presented with acute abdominal pain and subphrenic free air. An emergency laparotomy was performed, under the impression of a perforated peptic ulcer. Yet, no intraabdominal pathology except 200 ml of purulent ascites was found. The ascites culture yielded E. coli, B. fragilis, and P. aeruginosa confirming the diagnosis of SBP. Antibiotics which are sensitive to gas-forming bacteria should be prescribed before the result of the ascites culture is known.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

The evaluation of gallbladder function by quantitative radionuclide cholescintigraphy before and after ESWL for gallstones: preliminary report.

We assessed changes of gallbladder function including concentration and contraction in patients with gallstones after extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL). The abilities of concentration and contraction were expressed as filling fraction (FF) at 90 min and ejection fraction (EF) at 30 min after a fatty diet by Tc-99m DISIDA cholescintigraphy. A total of 12 patients who had symptomatic gallstones without cholecystitis were included in our study. ESWL failed in three cases: FF decreased in two of three cases and increased in one of three cases, whereas EF decreased in two of three cases and increased in one of three cases. In another nine cases, ESWL was successful and the gallstones were fragmented. One month after ESWL, in three of these nine cases, the gallstones had completely disappeared. In the three cases at 1 month after ESWL, FF decreased in two of three cases and increased in one of three cases, whereas EF decreased in one of three cases and increased in two of three cases. In the remaining six cases after ESWL, there were still some residual stone fragments in the gallbladder. In these six cases after 6 months, no fragments were found in the gallbladders, the third Tc-99m DISIDA cholescintigraphy was performed. In these six cases, the changes of FF and EF, before ESWL, 1 month after ESWL, and 6 months after ESWL, were irregular and fluctuant. However, no significant improvement of gallbladder function was demonstrated even when ESWL was successful.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Preliminary results of hepatic resection for centrally located large hepatocellular carcinoma.

Resection of large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) located in the central portion of the liver remains a surgical challenge. Over a 2 year period, from July 1989, 19 HCC patients whose main tumour (mean diameter 11.3 cm, range 6-19 cm) was located in the central part of the liver (defined as Couinaud's segments IV, V, VIII) had liver resections. Liver cirrhosis was found in 14 patients (73.7%). Extended major hepatectomy could be performed in only three patients. The operative morbidity and mortality were 26.3% and 0%, respectively. The resection margin in 14 patients was less than 1 cm. At the time this paper was written 11 patients were alive and disease free, five patients survived longer than 30 months. The 1 year disease free rate and survival rate were 73.7% and 84.2%, respectively. The preliminary results reveal that with careful preservation of non-tumourous liver, resection of centrally located large HCC is still advocated even in a cirrhotic liver, and that the resection margin width should not be a major concern.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

A randomized controlled trial on the treatment for acute partial ischemic stroke with acupuncture.

The effectiveness of acupuncture in acute stroke remains largely untested and unproved. A randomized, controlled trial was carried out to study the feasibility of acupuncture in combination with conventional supportive treatment for acute stroke patients. A total of 30 patients, aged 46-74, with the onset of symptoms within 36 h were enrolled into the study after appropriate screening. All patients gave informed consent. Basing on the same supportive treatment, patients were randomly assigned to a treatment with or without acupuncture. The procedure and acupoint selection were discussed and decided through several meetings of a group of senior acupuncture doctors in Taiwan. Acupuncture was applied 3 times/week for 4 weeks. During the study period, there were no problems in conducting this trial in terms of patient availability and acceptance, and physician cooperation. A significantly better neurologic outcome was observed in the acupuncture group on day 28 and day 90. The improvement in neurologic status was greatest in patients with a poor neurologic score at baseline. There were no important side effects except for one episode of dizziness related to acupuncture treatment. The data and results of this study will be used as a guideline for planning a full-scale clinical trial, e.g. sample size calculation, method of randomization with stratification of prognostic factors, choosing acupuncture points and technique of acupuncture.

Acupuncture Points↗
PubMed1993

[Tumor necrosis factor gene expression in cervical carcinoma by in situ hybridization].

TNF mRNA expression in cervical carcinoma was observed by the use of 3H and digoxigenin labelled TNF-alpha cDNA probes and in situ hybridization technique. Of 33 cancer samples tested, 30 were seen to have positive TNF mRNA expression in cancer cells and in some tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, the average positive rate being 12.18% and 3.63% respectively with a positive linear correlation between them. The poorer the cell differentiation, the more TNF mRNA expression in the cancer cells. The present findings suggest that TNF in cancer cells may possibly be a marker for tumor staging.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1993

[Experimental study on the skin by laser-assisted anastomosis].

Incisions in 35 rats were performed on the back bilaterally. Both incisions were sutured by hand with threads at equal interval. One of the incisions immediately welded by laser after suture, the others as follow. When 24 hours after suture, the stitches of the laser welded incisions were removed. The maximal strength force and histology of the bilateral incisions were measured and examined respectively at 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after the operation. The results showed: there was obviously significant differences of the strength force within 3 days between the two incisions. There was slightly inflammatory reactions, no scar and ideal healing in laser welded incisions.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Perforated peptic ulcer in patients with central nervous system injury].

There were 10 cases of perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) occurring in patients with central nervous system injury from July 1982 to December 1991; 7 cases occurred in intensive care unit whereas 3 cases occurred in the ordinary ward. Because of inability of these patients to express abdominal pain, the diagnosis of PPU was suspected only in the presence of the frequently associated clinical signs such as abdominal distension, fever, tachypnea, tachycardia, and hypotension. Because the diagnosis of PPU in these patients is generally delayed, mortality up to 60% is noted. The diagnosis of PPU was made by chest X-ray with pneumoperitoneum in only 5 of the 10 patients, whereas that of the remaining 5 patients was made by peritoneal lavage with bile-like ascites. There is a good correlation between the presence of shock after PPU and the survival of the patients. We recommend that once there are abnormal abdominal signs, inexplicable hemodynamic changes in patients with central nervous system injury, immediate thorough examination in search of PPU should be made to detect early the life-threatening PPU and to reduce the mortality thereafter.

Adolescent↗