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Biomedical subjects

T J Craig

Publications and source records attributed to T J Craig.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Medication use and deaths attributed to asphyxia among psychiatric patients.

In a review of the charts of inpatients who died in 1969-1977 the author found 49 whose death could be attributed to asphyxia. Compared with a matched control group, 48 of the asphyxia patients represented three distinct pathologic categories: 1) older patients with a history of serious physical illness whose deaths appeared unrelated to psychotropic medication use (40%), 2) a group whose deaths were associated with seizures (31%), raising questions about subtherapeutic anticonvulsant levels in association with the use of psychotropic drugs, and 3) a group of patients who choked to death (29%). Choking has been theoretically linked to a combination of dopamine blockade plus strong anticholinergic effects leading to impairment of swallowing. The third category appears to have been virtually eliminated by the use of a drug monitoring system and the Heimlich maneuver.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Therapeutic implications of doxycycline and cephalothin concentrations in the female genital tract.

The pharmacokinetics of doxycycline and cephalothin in genital tissues and serum were evaluated in 38 patients undergoing hysterectomy. Antibiotic concentrations in the ovary, fallopian tube, myometrium, cervix, and endometrium were measured at varying intervals after antibiotic administration. Cephalothin concentrations in tissues were critically dependent on the time interval between preoperative antibiotic administration and removal of the genital tract tissues, whereas doxycycline concentrations in tissues were consistently reproducible in the time frame evaluated (1/2 to 4 1/2 hours after drug administration). Doxycycline endometrial concentrations were consistently higher than those measured elsewhere in the genital tract (P less than 0.05). These results are of importance in a reassessment of traditional approaches to antibiotic use in gynecologic surgery and in the management of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Influence of demographic characteristics on two measures of depressive symptoms: the relation of prevalence and persistence of symptoms with sex, age, education, and marital status.

Respondents from community and inpatient populations were asked to recall for the preceding week the prevalence (presence of symptom at any time) and persistence (presence of symptom for five to seven days) of 16 symptoms associated with depression. The rates were adjusted for four-variable combinations of sex, age, education, marital status, and clinical status. For the majority of symptoms, statistically significant associations were found between prevalence and sex, age, and marital status and between persistence and education. These results suggest that white women, young adults, and those not currently married have a higher prevalence of transient depressed affect than those in the other categories of each variable, while the less well-educated are at greater risk than those in other education categories of having the depressive syndrome requiring therapeutic intervention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Current medication use and symptoms of depression in a general population.

In a community survey, 41.8% of 771 men and 60.2% of 1,059 women reported having used one or more medications in the 48 hours before the interview. The use of medications and the number of medications used increased progressively with age among both men and women. Respondents who used four or more medications included significantly more high scores on a depression checklist than those who used fewer medications. The group of women who used minor tranquilizers and sedatives included significantly more high depression scorers than those who did not. Among both sexes, those scoring in the depressed range who were receiving psychotropic medication tended to be taking minor tranquilizers or sedatives.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Correlates of patient attendance in an inner-city mental health clinic.

Of 140 patients seen at a psychiatric clinic serving a predominantly black, low-income population, 65% attended for four or more visits. Patients over age 30 and those with a diagnosis of psychosis or personality disorder remained in therapy for significantly longer periods than the rest of the group. Failure to prescribe medication was associated with early dropout, but this effect seemed to be attenuated with duration of therapy. The race of the patients and therapists did not seem to influence continuation in treatment, but such an influence may have been masked by differences in the therapists' experience.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1976

Presence and persistence of depressive symptoms in patient and community populations.

The authors used a questionnaire to assess presence and persistence of 16 depression-associated symptoms in two inpatient groups and a random community sample. Nondepressed inpatients were more likely than the community population to experience psychological symptoms of depression, but persistence of the symptoms was the same for both groups. In contrast, significantly more depressed patients than community respondents indicated presence for all but 2 symptoms and persistence for all but 1. Thus persistence of symptoms may be more specific to depression than mere presence.

Depression↗
PubMed1976

Recognition of depressed affect in hospitalized psychiatric patients: staff and patient perceptions.

A comparison of self-report vs. observer rating of depressed mood in a heterogenous inpatient population revealed wide variations in concordance among diagnostic groups. Patients diagnosed as having Affective Psychosis and ""Other'' illnesses showed the highest correlation between four self-report scales and an observer rating scale. Patients with a diagnosis of depressive Neurosis showed only modest correlation, while Schizophrenics revealed no significant correlation, on these instruments, suggesting inconsistent communication of affect from Schizophrenic patients to observers. In contrast, when self-report scales were intercorrelated, patients in all four diagnostic categories showed highly significant correlations, indicating that they were consistently reporting their affective state on these instruments. The implications of these findings for future research as well as for practical clinical management are discussed.

Adjustment Disorders↗