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Biomedical subjects

T Iwase

Publications and source records attributed to T Iwase.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Erdheim-Chester disease: a case report with immunohistochemical and biochemical examination.

This report describes a 47-year-old man with Erdheim-Chester disease (EC), the second case reported in Japan. The patient complained of knee pain, and the roentgenogram of the bilateral legs revealed symmetric osteolytic lesions with sclerosis of the metaphyseal regions of the long bones. Histological examination of the biopsy specimen showed a xanthogranulomatous lesion consisting of aggregations of foamy macrophages and Touton-type giant cells. Immunohistochemical study of the foamy cells in the lesion showed positive reaction to anti-Kp-1, anti-S-100 alpha, beta, anti-neuron-specific enolase (NSE), anti-alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, anti-alpha-1-antitrypsin, and anti-lysozyme antibodies. Electron microscopy showed many lipid droplets in the cytoplasm, but no Langerhans granules. These results suggested that the disease was part of the spectrum of histiocytosis but was different from Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Biochemical analysis of material extracted from a lesion showed the predominance of cholesterol ester. The disease progressed to central diabetes insipidus, and the involvement of multiple organs was indicated by a magnetic resonance image.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1996

Cementless total hip arthroplasty with autologous bone grafting for hip dysplasia.

The fate of autologous femoral head bone grafts in acetabular roof reconstruction for severely dysplastic hips was investigated in 25 patients (25 cementless total hip arthroplasties). Twenty patients were women and 5 were men, whose average age was 55 years old; their average followup was 58 months. The average Harris Hip Rating improved from a preoperative value of 49 points to a postoperative value of 85 points. Radiographic measurements did not indicate any vertical or horizontal socket migration >2 mm. The grafted bone was incorporated by an average time of 7 months, and the acetabular sclerosis had disappeared in 23 hips by 9.4 months. One year after operation, the grafted bone was reduced in size significantly. Radionuclide uptake at the site of the bone graft remained high for as long as 18 months after the operation, then normalized. The autologous acetabular bone grafts were incorporated completely and remodeled 18 months after surgery.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1996

Twenty years' followup of intertrochanteric osteotomy for treatment of the dysplastic hip.

A followup study of more than 15 years of intertrochanteric osteotomy for osteoarthrosis of the dysplastic hip was performed in 52 hips of 42 patients with varus osteotomy and in 58 hips of 53 patients with valgus osteotomy. Varus osteotomy was indicated for predegenerative or early degenerative stages of osteoarthrosis, and valgus osteotomy was indicated for progressive or end stage disease. The average age at time of varus and valgus osteotomies was 25 and 37 years, respectively, and the average followup period was 21 and 20 years, respectively. Using Kaplan-Meier's method (end point, Harris Hip Score < 70 points or salvage operation), the 10- and 15-year survival rates for varus osteotomy were 89% and 87% and for valgus osteotomy were 66% and 38%, respectively. Radiographic measurements of the postoperative acetabular head index and center edge angle in varus osteotomy were better in the group with good results than those in the group with poor results. There were no differences in radiographic measurements between the group with good results and the group with poor results of valgus osteotomy. Intertrochanteric varus and valgus osteotomy delayed the need for total hip arthroplasty in young patients with osteoarthrosis of the dysplastic hip.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Possible implication of hippocampal cholinergic neurostimulating peptide (HCNP)-related components in Hirano body formation.

We have previously demonstrated that hippocampal cholinergic neurostimulating peptide (HCNP)-related components accumulate in almost all Hirano bodies in Sommer's sector of the hippocampus of elderly individuals, and that the number of HCNP-positive Hirano bodies is greater in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Although Hirano bodies occur preferentially in the neuronal processes of the stratum pyramidale of the hippocampus, they can be seen occasionally as small inclusions, intermingled with neurofibrillary tangles and in association with senile plaques. Here we show that the small inclusions are also recognized by an anti-HCNP antibody, and by using immunoelectron microscopy demonstrate that these HCNP-positive inclusions, intermingled with tau protein-positive neurofibrillary tangles and beta-amyloid-positive senile plaques are indeed Hirano bodies. These findings strongly suggest that HCNP-related components may be involved in Hirano body formation.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Time course of ethylene thiourea in maternal plasma, amniotic fluid and embryos in rats following single oral dosing.

Ethylene thiourea (ETU) was administered once orally to pregnant rats on gestation day 12 at a dose of 200 mg/kg, and its concentration-time courses in the maternal plasma, amniotic fluid and embryos were investigated. The ETU concentrations in the maternal plasma and amniotic fluid reached the peak level about 2 hr after dosing, then declined gradually and had disappeared by 48 hr. In embryos, the concentration of ETU peaked at 30 min after dosing and disappeared at 48 hr. The prolonged exposure of the embryos to the high concentration of ETU in the amniotic fluid could be partially responsible for the teratogenic effect of ETU.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1996

Long-term outcome in single-vessel coronary artery disease in Japanese patients.

We assessed the long-term outcome of medical therapy in 453 patients who underwent coronary angiography in the period from September 1973 to February 1984, and who had a significant stenotic lesion (75% or more stenosis) in a single coronary artery. The mean follow-up period was 9.8 years. The 5- and 10-year survival rates were, respectively, 96.0% and 91.3% in these patients, and these survival rates were comparable to the cumulative survival rates in the age-matched healthy male controls determined on the basis of overall death. Cardiac death occurred in 35/453 patients (7.7%) with single-vessel disease (SVD), and non-fatal myocardial infarction occurred in 17 patients (3.8%) during the follow-up period. The incidence of cardiac events, which was defined as cardiac death and nonfatal myocardial infarction, was as low as 1.2% per year. The survival rates were compared in terms of the presence or absence of myocardial infarction, the type of the coronary artery with stenosis, and proximal versus distal location of the stenotic lesion in the left anterior descending artery (LAD). The survival rates were similarly high in both assessed groups, with no significant differences. Patients with SVD treated medically had a good prognosis, except for those patients with decreased left ventricular function (ejection fraction < or = 40%). These factors should be taken into consideration when selecting therapies for patients with SVD.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1996

[Comparison of free non-tryptophan fluorescent substances in water-soluble fraction of brunescent and non-brunescent human cataract].

We compared the concentrations of protein-unbound non-tryptophan fluorescent substances in the water-soluble fraction between non-brunescent (NBr) and brunescent (Br) human cataractous lens nuclei. Lens nuclei (NBr, 22 eyes: Br, 9 eyes) from non-diabetic patients, obtained by extracapsular cataract extraction, were individually homogenized and centrifuged. The supernatants were subsequently ultra-dialyzed and assessed by high pressure liquid chromatography. 3-Hydroxykynurenine-O-beta-glucoside (3-HKG) as well as an unidentified fluorescent substance was detected. While the concentrations of the former substance did not significantly differ between the NBr and the Br nuclei (NBr, 0.55 +/- 0.49 mumol/g wet weight: Br, 0.90 +/- 0.64 mumol/g wet weight; p > 0.1), the concentration of the latter substance was significantly greater in the Br nuclei than in the NBr nuclei (NBr, 2.2 x 10(3) +/- 5.4 x 10(3) AU/g wet weight: Br, 1.4 x 10(5) +/- 1.1 x 10(5) AU/g wet weight; AU: area unit, p < 0.01). An incubation of the dialysate with beta-glucosidase eliminated the peak corresponding to the latter substance. These results suggest that an unidentified protein-unbound fluorescent substance, which is presumably a beta-glucoside, in the lens nuclei is related to the coloration of human lens nuclei.

Cataract↗
PubMed1996

Bone composition and metabolism after hyperbaric oxygenation in rats with 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate-induced rickets.

We examined bone composition and metabolism after hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) in Wistar rats with 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-bisphosphonate (HEBP)-induced rickets. Twenty rats at 4 wk of age were divided into four groups of five rats each. The HEBP + HBO group received high dose (50 mg.kg-1.day-1) HEBP injections subcutaneously for 7 days and were then exposed to HBO for 7 days. The HEBP group received only high dose HEBP injection for the first 7 days. Control group A received neither HEBP nor HBO. Control group B received no HEBP injection and was exposed to HBO only for the second 7 days. Both bone mineral and hydroxyproline contents significantly increased in rats in the HEBP + HBO group as compared with the HEBP group. Alkaline phosphatase activity of bone, which is a marker of osteoblastic activity and bone formation, was high in the HEBP + HBO and HEBP groups compared with control groups A and B, although there was no difference between the former two groups. On the other hand, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity, which is a marker of bone resorption, was lower in the HEBP + HBO group than in the HEBP group. These findings suggest that HBO suppresses bone resorption in high osteoblastic activity after the cessation of HEBP administration, and this phenomenon increases total bone mass.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Long-term recovery of regional wall motion in patients with medically treated anterior myocardial infarction: quantitative assessment of the post-infarction left ventriculograms].

The effect of medical treatment without reperfusion therapy on the long-term recovery of regional wall motion was evaluated retrospectively in 28 patients with transmural acute anterior myocardial infarction who had coronary angiography and left ventriculography at 1-6 months after the onset of the episode and were followed for a mean of 65 months. In all patients, initial coronary angiography revealed significant stenosis in only the left anterior descending artery (LAD). All patients were treated medically without reperfusion therapy (such as thrombolytic therapy, angioplasty, or bypass grafting). The regional wall motion in the LAD territory was measured by the centerline method using the right anterior oblique projection. Long-term improvement in anterior wall motion is unlikely in patients with patent LAD or underdeveloped collaterals to the LAD (38%). However, subsequent anterior wall motion frequently improved among patients with severely stenotic or occluded LAD (63%) and well-developed collaterals (73%). Therefore, the anterior wall motion of some LAD-related infarctions improves spontaneously, the extent of coronary collaterals is an important determinant of long-term improvement, and the improvement in wall motion is completed within the early period of acute anterior infarction in patients with patent LAD.

Angiocardiography↗
PubMed1996

[Molecular aspects of secretory IgA (S-IgA) in gut-associated lymphoid tissues].

Secretory IgA, which plays an important role in the defense of the exocrine tissue, is composed of a polymeric IgA, joining (J) chain and secretory component (SC). Polymeric IgA and J chain are produced by plasma cells and SC by glandular epithelial cells. We here described the molecular aspects of J chain and SC. Study of the J chain has been confined to vertebrates which produce immunoglobulin (Ig) because the function of J chain is considered to be a polymerization of Ig. Recent molecular studies indicate that the role of J chain has been questioned. The J chain is expressed in invertebrates, as well as, representative species of vertebrates and that J chain is a primitive polypeptide that arose before the evolution of Ig molecules. SC is a 80 kDa glycoprotein functioning as a receptor for J chain-containing polymeric Ig. The expression of SC is regulated by various inflammatory cytokines such as, IL-1, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha, suggesting SC upregulation in vivo in inflammatory conditions. The human SC cDNA analysis reveals that it consisted of 11 exons with no functional TATA-box or CCAAT-box in the putative promoter region. Further upstream, there are several interesting motifs such as NF-kB and IFN-gamma response element, suggesting possible regulation of SC by cytokines through cellular signal transduction pathways.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Reduced thyroidal uptake of inorganic iodine in liver cirrhosis.

Thyroid function was investigated in patients with liver cirrhosis. 123I uptake after four hours was significantly reduced in the liver cirrhosis group (n = 19) compared with the control group (n = 16) (2.6 +/- 0.3% vs. 5.0 +/- 0.6%, mean +/- SE, p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the blood inorganic iodine level between the two groups, and the blood 123I count after ingestion of 123I capsules was not significantly different between the two groups. The area of the thyroid was slightly smaller in the cirrhosis group. A thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) loading test showed no significant difference in the TSH value at any time point. The serum albumin level and prothrombin time were significantly associated with the 4-hour thyroidal 123I uptake (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, respectively). We show that the thyroidal inorganic iodine uptake was reduced in patients with liver cirrhosis and this reduction correlates with the severity of liver cirrhosis. Possible mechanisms include abnormal thyroid iodine transport capacity or reduced turnover of thyroid hormones resulting in a reduction in iodine uptake in liver cirrhosis.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1996

[Successful coronary angioplasty in a patient with acute myocardial infarction caused by prosthetic valve endocarditis].

A 65-year-old man was hospitalized with persistent fever (up to 39 degrees C) of 3 weeks' duration 9 years after aortic valve replacement with a Hall-Kaster prosthesis. Multiple blood cultures demonstrated beta-Streptococcus. Transesophageal echocardiography disclosed mobile vegetations at the prosthetic valve with normal valve function. A diagnosis of late prosthetic valve endocarditis was made. Therapy was begun with penicillin G, cefazolin, and gentamycin. On the 20th hospital day, he suddenly developed severe chest pain. Electrocardiography was consistent with acute extensive anterior myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography revealed that the left anterior descending coronary artery was occluded in its proximal portion with an intraluminal filling defect, which was morphologically the same as the vegetation that had been demonstrated previously. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty was performed, and coronary artery perfusion was restored 4.5 hours after the onset of chest pain. Transesophageal echocardiography performed 2 days later revealed that the vegetation at the prosthetic valve level had nearly disappeared. This is the first reported case of coronary angioplasty in a patient with acute myocardial infarction caused by prosthetic valve endocarditis in Japan.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Macromotion of the femoral component in artificial hip joint.

Macromotion of the femoral component was analyzed in seven loose hips associated with six patients utilizing the manual compression and distraction test. The mean vertical and varus movement of these hips were 6.4 mm and 1.2 degrees, respectively. Out of a total 120 cementless total hip arthroplasties, there was no macromotion in the control group of six patients with moderate to severe thigh pain. There was also no relationship between macromotion and the severity of thigh pain. Micromotion or rotational instability, which could not be analyzed by conventional stress radiograms, may contribute substantially to thigh pain.

Aged↗