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Biomedical subjects

T Iwanaga

Publications and source records attributed to T Iwanaga.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy as an induction therapy in multidisciplinary treatment for locally advanced breast cancer. A long-term follow-up study.

A multidisciplinary treatment including intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy as an induction therapy was administered to 55 patients with locally advanced breast cancer. Intra-arterial chemotherapy conducted preoperatively produced marked responses in primary and lymph node lesions with 78% complete + partial response (CR + PR), subsequently permitting extended radical mastectomy. Histologic examination of resected specimens also revealed that 33% of the patients had no viable cancer cells remaining in their lesions. Five-year and 10-year survival rates were 57% and 41%, respectively, compared with 24% and 18%, respectively for the 17 patients of historic control. Patients showing better local responses to intra-arterial chemotherapy had longer survival time with less frequent local recurrences. Intra-arterial chemotherapy is an effective modality for the treatment of locally advanced breast cancer.

Aclarubicin↗
PubMed1985

Changes in distribution of hepatic blood flow induced by intra-arterial infusion of angiotensin II in human hepatic cancer.

Changes in the distribution of the hepatic blood flow induced by intra-arterial infusion of angiotensin II (AT-II) were studied in human hepatic cancers using extremely short-lived radioisotope (RI) (krypton 81 m [81mKr]; half-life, 13 seconds). After the start of continuous infusion of AT-II, the radioactivity of the tumor showed about a two-fold increase, whereas that of the nontumor region decreased to about one half as much as the level before the infusion. Consequently, the mean ratio of the arterial blood flow in the tumor region to that in the nontumor region (T/N ratio) increased to 3.30 (P less than 0.001). The T/N ratio showed a peak before the peripheral blood pressure reached the maximum, and thereafter tended to decrease. Intra-arterial infusion of AT-II raised the T/N ratio more obviously than did intravenous infusion of the drug, with less rise in the peripheral blood pressure. It is believed that intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy with local use of AT-II enables better accessibility of chemotherapeutic drugs to tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Immunohistochemical localization of S-100 protein in the retina, ciliary body and iris of human fetuses.

The present study deals with the localization and development of S-100 protein-like immunoreactivity in the retina, ciliary body and iris of human fetuses. In the retina, numerous astrocytes, densely distributed in the nerve-fiber layer and ganglion-cell layer, were stained strongly with the S-100 antiserum. The first immunoreactive astrocytes occurred at the posterior pole of the retina and spread gradually outward and toward the ora serrata with increasing age. Müller cells were not immunoreactive for S-100 during development, except in the retina of the latest fetus examined. S-100 immunoreactivity was also found in the nonpigmented ciliary epithelium and posterior epithelium of the iris, both of which are developed from the inner wall of the optic cup. On the other hand, the pigmented epithelium extending from retina to iris, derived from the outer layer of the optic cup, was free of S-100 immunoreactivity.

Ciliary Body↗
PubMed1985

Neuropeptide immunocytochemistry in protostomian invertebrates, with special reference to insects and molluscs.

In some molluscs (Aplysia and Fusitriton) and insects (silkworm and cricket), occurrence and distribution of neuropeptides in the nervous system and gut were studied with following results: in these invertebrates and also in planaria, PP-like immunoreactivity is extensively distributed in neurons and (in insects) in gut endocrine paraneurons. These cells are negative for NPY, the mammalian neuropeptide related to PP in molecular structure. PHI-like immunoreactivity is widely distributed in the neurons of those invertebrates; it occurs also in gut endocrine paraneurons in insects. The PHI-immunopositive cells are immunonegative for VIP and the coexistence of both peptides due to the common precursor in mammals cannot be recognized in these invertebrates. Immunoreactivity for urotensin I, the neuropeptide derived from teleostean urophysial neurons, is widely distributed in the neurons of the invertebrates. In insects (cricket) it occurs in gut endocrine cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Penetration and clearance of cefoperazone and moxalactam in pleural fluid.

The penetration of cefoperazone and moxalactam into pleural fluid was studied in 11 patients after intravenous infusion of 2-g doses of these agents. Clearance of these agents from pleural fluid was studied in seven patients after instillation of 1-g doses into the pleural space. The concentrations in pleural fluid after intravenous infusion of 2-g doses reached a peak of 7 to 25 micrograms/ml for cefoperazone and 9 to 35 micrograms/ml for moxalactam at 4 to 6 h after administration. These levels exceeded reported MICs for most susceptible organisms. The elimination half-life of both agents was about two to five times longer in pleural fluid than in serum. These prolonged elimination rates of both agents might be of great advantage for killing bacteria in the pleural space.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Localization of Met-enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8-like immunoreactivity in the gastrointestinal tract of rat and pig.

One of the opioid precursor molecules, pre-pro-enkephalin A, contains within it, in addition to Leu-enkephalin (Leu-Enk) and Met-enkephalin (Met-Enk), Met-enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8 (Met-Enk-8), which is specific to this precursor. This study deals with the localization of Met-Enk-8-like immunoreactivity in the gastrointestinal tract of rat and pig. Immunoreactivity was identified in intramural nerve elements of rat and pig, and in gut endocrine cells of pig. Immunoreactive (IR) nerve fibers were seen mainly in the myenteric plexus of rat and in both the myenteric and submucosal plexuses of pig. Some IR fibers were dispersed throughout the lamina propria mucosae of rat. Porcine IR endocrine cells were dispersed in the epithelium from the pyloric antrum to the ileum, existing concomitantly with enterochromaffin (EC) cells. Specificity tests revealed that immunoreactivity to Met-Enk-8 antiserum was not influenced by preincubation of the antiserum with Leu-Enk and Met-Enk. This suggests the possibility that pre-pro-enkephalin A is contained in the gastroenteric nerves of rat and pig and in a population of porcine EC cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Immunohistochemical demonstration of the nerves in human dental pulp with antisera against neurofilament protein and glia-specific S-100 protein.

Human dental pulp was investigated by an immunofluorescence method using antisera against neurofilament protein (NFP) and glia-specific S-100 protein. Nerve fibers coursing through the pulp were selectively stained with the anti-NFP serum, and their Schwann sheath with the S-100 antiserum. In addition to a definitive demonstration of the subodontoblastic nerve plexus, we found another hitherto unknown nerve plexus composed of delicate fibers at the base of the odontoblastic layer. This study shows that immunohisto chemical techniques using antisera against nervous system-specific proteins are superior to previous silver impregnation methods, due to their specificity and constancy in reaction.

Dental Pulp↗
PubMed1985

Cerebellar Purkinje cell-specific protein-like immunoreactivity in noradrenaline-chromaffin cells and ganglion cells but not in adrenaline-chromaffin cells in the rat adrenal medulla.

By means of immunohistochemistry combined with fluorescence microscopy, a cerebellar Purkinje cell-specific protein, also named spot 35 protein, was found to occur in all noradrenaline-chromaffin cells and some ganglion cells of the rat adrenal medulla. The immunoreactivity was localized in the chromaffin granules as well as the cytoplasmic matrix. The nucleus as well as the interior of the membranous organelles, were free of immunoreaction. No immunoreactivity was found in most of the intra-adrenal nerve fibers except for a few nerve fibers derived from the immunoreactive ganglion cells. Neither Schwann, satellite cells nor cortical cells were immunoreactive. It is suggested that some intracellular phenomenon possibly relating to the regulation of intracellular Ca-ion concentration is common to noradrenaline-chromaffin cells, medullary ganglion cells and cerebellar Purkinje cells.

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMed1985

PHI-like immunoreactivity in the nervous system of the cockroach (insect) and Aplysia (mollusc) with special reference to its relationship to VIP-like immunoreactivity.

Studies in mammals have indicated that PHI (peptide histidine isoleucine) and VIP (vasoactive intestinal polypeptide) share a prepropeptide, and that both peptides are contained in the same neurons. The present study proposes that this relationship may not hold true in protostomian invertebrates. In the nervous system of the cockroach (Insecta, Arthropoda) and Aplysia (Gastropoda, Mollusca) distribution of PHI and VIP was examined by immunocytochemistry. In both animals neurons containing PHI-like immunoreactivity were numerously found and only a small part of them in the cockroach contained VIP-like immunoreactivity. These findings suggest that in these invertebrates, PHI may play a more important regulatory role than VIP. Possible reasons for the difference in the distribution of immunoreactivities for PHI and VIP are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Nerve fibers in the urethral mucosa of canine penis are immunoreactive for both substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide.

The urethral mucosa in the canine penis was immunostained by use of antibodies against substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide. Numerous nerve fibers immunoreactive for both peptides were found to invade the epithelium from the tunica propria; here they ran various courses with occasional branchings and conspicuous varicosities. Some looped to return into the tunica propria, while others ended on the epithelial surface. These findings confirm and extend our knowledge on the sensory innervation of the urethra which has previously been based on silver impregnation techniques.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Distribution of arterial blood flow in human hepatic cancer during chemotherapy--examination by short-lived 81mKr.

Using the characteristics of short-lived radioisotope, 81mKr (half-life = 13 seconds), we studied the distribution of arterial blood flow of human hepatic cancers during intra-hepatic arterial chemotherapy. Sixteen patients with primary and metastatic cancer were catheterized into the hepatic artery during operation. 81mKr solution was continuously infused via the hepatic artery with the patient in the supine, upright, right-side down, and left-side down positions. The frontal and right-side images of the liver were taken with a scinticamera. The tumor/nontumor ratio of the hepatic arterial flow in the supine position was more than one in 14 of 15 patients. The patterns of arterial flow distribution of 81mKr in the four positions were compared. In 11 patients the tumor/nontumor ratio of one of the other positions was significantly higher than that of the supine position. We expect that this quantitative measurement will be a good indicator for evaluation of a drug's accessibility to the tumor in the first pass. Moreover, the choice of the most effective position for intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy by this test will be possible to increase the relative amount of drug reaching the tumor. This technique may be applicable mainly to short-term drug infusion.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical evaluation of cefminox in surgery].

Cefminox (CMNX, MT-141) was administered to 7 cases with postoperative infections including subphrenic abscess and wound abscess, and the clinical effect was good in 2 cases, fair in 2, poor in 2 and unknown in 1. A daily dose was 2 g in 7 cases. The maximum total dose and duration were 22 g and 11 days respectively. Side effect which was observed during the test period was 1 case of drug eruption. No abnormal laboratory findings related to this drug were noted.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[A case of long-term survival of liver metastasis of breast cancer successfully treated with chemotherapy and endocrine therapy].

A 42-year-old woman was diagnosed as having hepatic metastasis two years after radical mastectomy for breast cancer. She was initially treated with oophorectomy and cytotoxic chemotherapy, which resulted in complete regression of the lesion within two years after the start of the treatment. She remained free of the disease until the fifth year thereafter, when she again developed a metastatic lesions in her liver. Since then, she has been treated sequentially with various kinds of chemotherapy and endocrine therapy with a certain degree of response to each treatment. She has survived 12 years and three months after the development of liver metastasis. This patient is the longest survivor of hepatic metastasis from breast cancer in the Japaneses literature.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy for non-resectable pancreatic cancer using angiotensin-II and prostaglandin-E1].

We have developed a new method of intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy for non-resectable pancreatic cancer, in order to facilitate the selective delivery of a large amount of anticancer agent to the cancer lesion. This method was carried out as follows: (1) retrograde cannulation was performed by inserting a catheter into the splenic artery after splenectomy, and many of its branches were dissected out around the body and tail of the pancreas: (2) anticancer drugs (Adriamycin and Methotrexate) were infused together with Angiotensin-II to decrease the blood flow to non-malignant tissue and to increase the flow to cancer tissue. (3) Twenty-four to 48 hours after Methotrexate was infused, rescue was performed with an infusion of Prostaglandin-E1 to reduce the degree of cytotoxic damage to normal tissue. By using these methods, it was ascertained that a large quantity of the drugs had accumulated in the cancer tissue, even though its original blood flow had been established as very poor by radioisotope and angiographical examination. This therapy was useful not only for anticancer effects on the primary lesion but also the prevention of liver metastasis. Moreover, Methotrexate and rescue therapy were shown to have no remarkable side effects.

Adult↗