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Biomedical subjects

T Ishimaru

Publications and source records attributed to T Ishimaru.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[A study on the significance of bromocriptine (CB-154) administration in normoprolactinemic anovulatory women (author's transl)].

UNLABELLED: The ovulation-inducing effect of bromocriptine (CB-154) and the underlying mechanism in the management of anovulatory infertility with normoprolactinemia were investigated. Thirty-seven normoprolactinemic women (anovulatory cycle, 11 cases; 1st grade amenorrhea, 18; and 2nd grade amenorrhea 8) with anovulia showing plasma prolactin levels of less than 25 ng/ml were give CB-154 daily in doses of 2.5 mh from the second day of menstruation or withdrawal bleeding (1) to assess the ovulatory induction rate, (2) to determine the serum PRL, LH, FSH and E2 levels before and during the drug administration, (3) to measure the serum PRL concentration by TRH test prior to CB-154 medication and (4) to assess size heterogeneity of serum PRL with the use of lyophilization. RESULTS: (1) Ovulation occurred in 21 of the 37 patients, of a total of 42 menstrual cycles studied, 33 were ovulatory, indicating a high rate of repeated success. (2) There was a significant decrease of serum PRL following administration of CB-154, and the finding was the same in the group of women with successful ovulatory induction. Serum LH, FSH and E2 levels did not show any significant change following CB-154 therapy. (3) Prl concentrations were suppressed more in cases of unsuccessful induction than those in successful induction. (4) PRL responses to TRH tended to be lower in cases of successful induction than those in unsuccessful cases. (5) The Little PRL content ratio decreased after administration of CB-154, and this data have suggested that not only the problem of immunologically measured serum PRL levels but the qualitative problems also bear relations to the effect of this hormone on the endocrinological environment.

Amenorrhea↗
PubMed1978

The extrasplanchnic origin of blood dihydrotestosterone in elderly men.

The splanchnic extraction and interconversion of testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) were studied in 5 elderly men undergoing cardiac catheterization using a constant infusion of [1,2-3H] testosterone and [4-14C] DHT. Metabolic clearance rate (MCR), splanchnic extraction (SE), splanchnic clearance (SC), extrasplanchnic clearance (ESC), transfer constant in blood ([p] T-DHT BB) and transfer constant across the liver ([p] T-DHT SB) were calculated. The MCRT was 675 +/- 108 (mean +/- SC) L/day and MCRDHT was 409 +/- 68 L/day. SET was 45.9 +/- 7.0% and SEDHT was 18.5 +/- 5.4%. When these values are compared with those recently reported by us for normal men, there is a 1/3 reduction in SET and 1/2 reduction for SEDHT in elderly men. The calculated SCT and ESCT were 355 +/- 72 L/day and 320 +/- 86 L/day, respectively. SCDHT and ESCDHT were 145 +/- 48 L/day and 263 +/- 77 L/day respectively, suggesting that a major fraction of DHT is metabolized in extrasplanchnic organs. No evidence for a net appearance of DHT by either mass or specific activity analysis in hepatic vein blood was observed indicating that the splanchnic compartment does not contribute DHT into the circulation either by de novo synthesis or via conversion from testosterone. This work indicates that conversion of testosterone to DHT in elderly men occurs entirely in extrasplanchnic tissue.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

"Syndrome malin"-like symptoms probably due to interaction between neuroleptica and oral antidiabetic agents.

In two cases of chronic schizophrenia complicated by diabetes mellitus, the concomitant use of the neuroleptica and oral antidiabetics was attended by the appearance of symptoms simulative of syndrome malin, i.e. hyperpyrexia, tachycardia, blood pressure instability, disturbances of consciousness, muscle rigidity, tremor, dysphagia, salivation and urinary incontinence. In one of these cases, the patient, a 47-year-old man, died 10 days later. In the other case, a 62-year-old woman, almost all the symptoms subsided after 14 days, and oral dyskinesia persisted for only one additional month. In both cases, hypoglycemia due to oral antidiabetics was not seen. In Case 2, a combined regimen of oral antidiabetics and neuroleptica was later resumed. Again, a similar set of symptoms as seen initially were noted, along with an elevation of the serum CPK level. Parenterally administered biperiden proved to be highly effective in the control of the symptoms. The pathogenetic mechanism of these symptoms might possibly be explained as potentiation of the action of the neuroleptica by oral antidiabetics.

Consciousness Disorders↗
PubMed1978

Splanchnic extraction and conversion of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in man.

The splanchnic extraction and interconversion of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) were studied in 7 healthy men (ages 29-46 years) undergoing cardiac catheterization. During a constant infusion of [1,2-3H]testosterone and [4-14C]DHT, the arterial and hepatic vein blood samples were taken and radioactive and non-radioactive testosterone and DHT were determined. Metabolic clearance rate (MCR), splanchnic extraction (SE), splanchnic clearance (SC), extrasplanchnic clearance (ESC), transfer constant in blood (T-DHT rhoBB) and transfer constant across the liver (T-DHT rhoSB) were calculated. The MCRT was 952 +- 172 (mean +- SD) 1/day and MCRDHT was 764 +/- 67 1/day in agreement with data from non-catheterized subjects. SET was 68.8 +/- 7.1% (mean +/- SD) and SEDHT was 37.6 +/- 5.9%. SET was significantly greater than SEDHT (P less than 0.001). The calculated SCT and ESCT were 638 +/- 112 (mean +/- SD) 1/day and 314 +/- 190 1/day, respectively. SCDHT and ESCDHT were 343 +/- 95 (mean +/-SD) 1/day and 421 +/-105 1/day, suggesting that a major fraction of testosterone is metabolized in the splanchnic organs and a higher fraction of DHT is metabolized in extrasplanchnic organs. In the interconversion study, overall conversion of testosterone to DHT in blood (T-DHT rhoBB) was 4.0 +/- 0.6% (mean +/- SD). No evidence for a net appearance of DHT by either mass or specific activity analysis in hepatic vein blood was observed in any infusion leading to the conclusion that the overall contribution of testosterone to circulating DHT from the liver (T-DHTrhoSB) was undetectable. This work indicates that conversion of testosterone to DHT occurs entirely in extrasplanchnic tissue in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Direct conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone glucuronide in man.

Tritiated testosterone and [14C]dihydrotestosterone (DHT) were administered by constant iv infusion into five young and five elderly men undergoing diagnostic cardiac catheterization. The radioactivity concentrations of free and conjugated DHT in arterial and hepatic vein blood samples were then determined. The analysis of the 3H:14C ratio of free DHT in arterial and hepatic vein blood showed that in both groups, the 3H:14C ratio of free DHT was the same in arterial and hepatic vein blood, indicating that splanchnic tissue is not the source of blood DHT from testosterone. This is in agreement with data that the transfer constant across the liver ([rho]T-DHT SD) was undetectable. In both young and elderly men, a significant increase of the 3H concentration of DHT glucuronide in hepatic vein blood was observed, indicating that the splanchnic compartment could be the site of production of DHT glucuronide. The 3H:14C ratio of DHT glucuronide was much higher than that of free DHT in both groups, suggesting that DHT glucuronide is derived from the blood testosterone pool, and most of the DHT from testosterone seems to be conjugated before mixing with blood DHT. This study indicates that a large fraction of DHT produced in the liver from testosterone is efficiently conjugated or further metabolized, and this results in the lack of splanchnic production of free DHT in men.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Altered metabolism of androgens in elderly men with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Kinetics of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol (3alpha-diol) were studied in 7 elderly healthy men (ages 61 to 80 years) with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Clearance rates were determined by the constant infusion technique with labeled testosterone and DHT. Metabolic clearance rate (MCR), conversion ratio (CR), the transfer constants (rho) and production rates (PB) were calculated. Plasma androgens were measured by specific radioimmunoassay. Plasma testosterone was 516 +/- 314 (SD) ng/dl, plasma DHT was 74.6 +/- 19.6 (SD) ng/dl and plasma 3alpha-diol was 16.4 +/- 4.1 (SD) ng/dl. An elevated DHT level in elderly men with BPH wasconfirmed. MCRT was 620 +/- 65 (SD) liter/day and MCRDHT was 393 +/- 50 (SD) liter/day. Both MCRT and MCRDHT in elderly men were significantly lower than in young men. PBT was 3.2 +/- 2.1 (SD) mg/day and PBDHT was 291 +/- 87 (SD)migrogram/day. PBDHT was the same in elderly and young men. DHT production is maintained in elderly men despite reduction of testosterone production. From the data, it was claculated that in contrast to young men where greater than 80% of blood DHT is from secreted testosterone, over 50% in elderly men is derived from secretion or production of DHT by the testis or even more likely the prostate.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Study of the clinical effects of sulpiride and perphenazine in 82 schizophrenic patients by the double blind method].

Our clinical and statistical evaluation of Sulpiride and Perphenazine was carried out over a 10 week period, in 82 patients of both sexes, aged 20 to 56 years. All were chronic patients with a symptomatic profile of apathy, lack of initiative but with the personality relatively well preserved in 56 patients. The daily dosage varied from 300 to 1,200 mg Sulpiride orally and 12 to 48 mg Perphenazine. The effects of therapy have been received globally and individually at the beginning, 4th, 8th, and the end of the 10th week using the B.P.R.S. modified by the clinic of Neurology and Psychiatry of the University of Hiroshima. Using "Armitage's Restricted Sequential Design", there was no significant difference between the therapeutic effects of these 2 neuroleptics. However, Sulpiride appeared more beneficial following the review during the 8th week and the 4th week.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Clinical application of synthetic LH-RH for anovular women unresponsive to clomiphene therapy (author's transl)].

UNLABELLED: The purpose of this study is to clarify the significance of synthetic LH-RH (RH) as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of anovular women who fail to respond to clomiphene therapy. METHODS: Fifteen women with hypofunction of the hypothalamus-pituitary system who were given the RH-test were divided into two groups according to the maximum increased level of LH shown by each. Group I consisting of 7 women who showed increased levels of over 20miu/ml received a combination of clomid+estrogen+RH(C.E.R). Blood levels of LH, FSH and estradiol were measured in each. Group II consisting of 8 women who showed maximum levels of LH below 20 miu/ml received RH intramuscularly, 100 mug per day for 20 to 30 days (referred to as RH treatment). The RH-test was performed in this group before treatment, and 1, 7 and 21 days after treatment. Blood levels of estradiol were also determined before, during and after treatment. RESULTS: 1) Ovulation occurred in 5 of the 7 women in group 1 and 3 became pregnant. The LH surge was prolonged and hormonal secretion increased with administration of C.E.R.. The normal estrogen surge and gonadotropin surge occurring in the ovulatory cycle were thus produced artificially. Since administration of clomiphene alone tends to produce insufficiency of cervical mucus secretion because of its anti-estrogen effect, the addition of estrogen to the combination of C.E.R. probably increases the cervical secretion of mucus and enhances the probability of impregnation. 2) Compared to pretreatment levels, RH treatment clearly increased the pituitary secretion of LH and FSH. Even 3 weeks after RH treatment, the pituitary secretion of gonadotropin was definitely higher than before treatment. Fluctuations in blood levels of estradiol during and after treatment were not significantly different than before treatment. These observations would suggest that prolonged administration of RH enhances the gonadotropic function of the pituitary, not only in the secretion of the hormones but also in the synthesis of gonadotropin. Judging from the insignificant effect on the blood level of estradiol, it would appear that RH itself possesses the ability to produce gonadotropin.

Anovulation↗
PubMed1975

Lung cancer at autopsy in A-bomd survivors and controls, Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 1961-1970. II. Smoking, occupation, and A-bomb exposure.

The apparent effect of ionizing radiation on lung cancer in A-bomb survivors has not been large enough to still doubts as to its validity. It has seemed essential to determine whether the apparent radiation effect could have resulted from a confounding of heavy smoking and high radiation dose, or if the occupational exposure of high-dose subjects with lung cancer was suggestive of the influence of environmental hazards other than radiation. The available series consists of 204 subjects with lung cancer verified by autopsy, 61 of whom were low-dose (less than 1 rad) and 13 high-dose (200 + rads) subjects. No evidence could be found that the influence of either smoking or occupational exposure upon lung cancer was exerted so as to suggest that the apparent radiation effect is other than real. The study also provides additional evidence of the relationship between lung cancer and smoking in Japanese.

Aged↗