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Biomedical subjects

T Ishiguro

Publications and source records attributed to T Ishiguro.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Operation for the stiff elbow.

Forty two cases of stiff elbow were treated by operation. Thirty three were subsequent to trauma, seven were due to ectopic ossification after quadriplegia, and two were associated with massive ectopic ossification after long term coma following head injury. Two separate skin incisions, postero-medial or medial and anterior, were used in most cases. In the post-traumatic cases, scarred, thickened posterior oblique fibres of the medial collateral ligament were usually found. Ectopic ossification was frequently situated on the postero-medial aspect of the stiff elbows. Resection of the thickened fibres or the ectopic ossification was the most effective procedure to improve elbow flexion. The average improvement in range of motion was 59 degrees in post-traumatic cases, 72 degrees in ectopic ossification after quadriplegia and 127 degrees in ectopic ossification following coma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Three different types of alpha-fetoprotein in the diagnosis of malignant solid tumors: use of a sensitive lectin-affinity immunoelectrophoresis.

A sensitive new technique for lectin-affinity immunoelectrophoresis was applied to samples from 28 infants and children in order to distinguish the origin of elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in sera. This new immunoelectrophoresis was successfully performed within 24 hours in sera with AFP as small as 910 ng/mL. With combined use of concanavalin A (Con A) and lentil agglutinin (LCH) binding tests, AFPs were classified into three subtypes: benign hepatic condition type (six patients), hepatocellular carcinoma type (nine patients) and yolk sac type (12 patients). AFP was of hepatocellular carcinoma type in all seven patients with hepatoblastoma, and of benign hepatic condition type in six of seven patients with elevated AFP due to conditions such as hepatitis, biliary atresia, and normal newborn. The question as to whether AFP produced in "hepatoblastoma" is of benign hepatic condition type or hepatocellular carcinoma type was first answered by the information in this present report. The differentiation between yolk sac and general hepatic AFPs was completed with the Con A binding test.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Analysis of lectin affinity immunoelectrophoretic profiles of serum alpha-fetoprotein from patients with yolk sac tumors and carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract: correlations with molecular structures.

Profiles of concanavalin A (Con A) and lentil agglutinin (LCH) affinity immunoelectrophoresis were compared for serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) from patients with yolk sac tumors and carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract, in order to find some correlations between peaks of AFP subfractions detectable by two different lectins, and to investigate whether or not it is possible to prove that the binding of AFP to LCH is weakened to some extent if a fucosylated sugar chain has, in addition, a bisect N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) attached to the beta-linked mannose. The results obtained with our improved techniques tend to indicate that a Con A-reactive AFP subfraction (peak a) corresponds to an LCH strongly reactive AFP (peak A), while a Con A-nonreactive AFP (peak b) corresponds to an LCH weakly reactive AFP (peak B). the authors consider the present data sufficient to support the above explanation.

Concanavalin A↗
PubMed1989

Urinary sodium pump inhibitor raises cytosolic free calcium concentration in rat aorta.

We were able to purify two distinct sodium pump inhibitors to homogeneity from human urine based on [3H]ouabain-displacing activity from intact human erythrocytes. The polar and less polar compounds were eluted off the C18 reverse-phase column with 18% and 31% acetonitrile, respectively. The polar compound cross-reacted very weakly with specific antidigoxin antibody and lacked a characteristic ultraviolet absorption peak between 190 and 300 nm. The less polar compound showed a prominent digoxinlike immunoreactivity and had an ultraviolet spectrum similar to that of digoxin. We examined the effects of these compounds on cytosolic free calcium concentration in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells (A10 cells) using the fluorescent calcium chelator fura-2. Only the polar ouabain-displacing compound caused a significant increase, from 108 +/- 7 to 162 +/- 8 nM (n = 6, p less than 0.01), in cytosolic free calcium concentration in A10 cells. The rise in cytosolic free calcium concentration induced by the polar ouabain-displacing compound tended to be slower in onset and more sustained than that induced by arginine vasopressin. In contrast, ouabain and bufalin had no appreciable effects on cytosolic free calcium concentration in A10 cells. These results suggest that the polar ouabain-displacing compound we isolated from human urine may possess a vasoactive property and may play an important role in the modulation of vascular tone.

Absorption↗
PubMed1989

Differences in growth of transplantable ascites hepatoma among various lines of Donryu rat.

A total of 48 Donryu rats from 8 colonies of 5 lines were inoculated intravenously with 10(7) cells of the ascites hepatoma strain AH 66. All the conventional rats of the lines D-1 and D-2 died between 9 and 15 days after inoculation with a good growth of implanted tumor cells. On the other hand, SPF rats of the lines A-1, B-1, C and E survived for 60 days showing complete rejection of the implanted tumor cells. A 50% of conventionalized ex-SPF rats of the lines A-2 and B-2, which had been once established as SPF colonies, and thereafter had been "re-conventionalized", rejected the tumor cells. The present observations indicate that the microbial conditions of the animal, e.g. whether the animal is SPF or not, might play an important role in the growth of the implanted ascites hepatoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Experimental atherosclerosis-like lesions induced by hyperinsulinism in Wistar rats.

To elucidate the possible role of hyperinsulinism in the etiology of diabetic macroangiopathy, we studied the long-term effects of insulin injection on the arterial wall of the rat both biochemically and histologically. Fifty male Wistar rats were divided into two groups. One group was subjected to daily injection of insulin-zinc suspension (20 U/kg), and the other group was treated with saline. After 1 yr, all the animals were killed, and the lipid contents in the intimal media of their aortas were determined. Parts of the ascending aortic tissues were further examined by use of either light or electron microscopy. The triglyceride content of the insulin-treated rat aortas was significantly (P less than .05) increased compared with that of the saline-treated rat aortas. As determined by light microscopy, the intimas of the aortas from the insulin-treated rats were significantly (P less than .001) thickened, and the subendothelial tissues consisted of eosinophilic fiber bundles, amorphous ground substances, and irregularly arranged cells. These cells were identified by electron microscopy as having smooth muscle cell origin. All these findings suggest that atherosclerosis-like lesions could be induced by long-term insulin injection in the aortas of the rat and that hyperinsulinism plays a certain role in the development of diabetic macroangiopathy.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical course and CSF monoamine metabolism in neuroleptic malignant syndrome--a study of nine typical cases and five mild cases].

In nine typical cases and five mild cases of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and noradrenaline (NA) and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol (MHPG) levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were assayed both during the active phase of NMS and after recovery. Compared with levels in normal control subjects, the levels of HVA were significantly lower in the active phase of typical NMS. This finding supports the central dopamine blockade theory of NMS pathophysiology. In addition, the levels of HVA were significantly decreased after recovery from typical NMS. This suggests that there may be a decreased dopamine metabolism in patients susceptible to NMS. The levels of 5-HIAA in the active phase of typical NMS and after recovery were also significantly lower than those in normal control group, suggesting a relationship between the development of NMS and a disturbance of serotonin metabolism. In mild cases, the levels of HVA and 5-HIAA in the active phase of NMS and after recovery were not different from those in normal control subjects. This suggests that there may be a difference in dopamine and serotonin metabolism between typical cases and mild cases. In both cases, the levels of NA in patients with active NMS were significantly higher than in normal subjects, and were within a normal range after recovery. The levels of MHPG were significantly increased in the active phase of typical NMS and had a tendency to increase in the active phase of mild cases, compared with levels in normal control subjects. The levels of MHPG after recovery in both cases were not different from those in normal control subjects. These findings are a result of increased sympathetic activity in active NMS. However, these findings are also observed in other disorders and probably reflect the physical stress caused by NMS.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Total gastrectomy after VEPA therapy in a case of primary gastric lymphoma (stage III of Naqvi's clinical staging)].

A 51-year-old male was referred to our hospital with complaints of chest and back pain. He was diagnosed as primary gastric lymphoma after medical examination. Because of a spreading of the lesion and his poor condition, we concluded that a curative operation would be impossible, and used VEPA therapy as combination chemotherapy. After three cycles of VEPA therapy, the man underwent total gastrectomy, which resulted in better prognosis and no malignant cells in the resected stomach. According to Naqvi's clinical staging, stage III gastric lymphoma is inoperable. We report here a case of stage III gastric lymphoma which could undergo curative operation after chemotherapy and continue to be in good condition.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

Purification and characterization of human urine-derived digitalis-like factor.

We were able to purify a digitalis-like factor to apparent homogeneity from human urine based on the inhibitory effect on [3H]-ouabain binding to intact human erythrocytes. This ouabain displacing compound closely resembles ouabain in its polarity, molecular weight, non-peptidic nature and mode of action except for its UV absorbance spectrum. This compound sharing many biological activities of ouabain may be the endogenous ligand for the Na+, K+-ATPase and serve as a specific regulator of the sodium pump.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Immunostaining of skeletal and cardiac muscle surface membrane with antibody against Duchenne muscular dystrophy peptide.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a debilitating X-linked muscle disease. We have used sequence information from complementary DNA clones, derived from the gene that is deleted in DMD patients, to generate an antiserum that stains the surface membrane of intact human and mouse skeletal muscle, but not that of DMD patients and mdx mice. Here we identify the protein reacting with this antiserum as a single component of relative molecular mass 210,000 (Mr = 210K) that fractionates with a low-ionic strength extract of intact human and mouse skeletal muscle. It is therefore distinct from the 400 K protein found in the heavy microsomal fraction of normal muscle and identified as a putative product of the DMD gene. We also analyse further the disease specificity of the antiserum. Positive staining is seen in normal controls, and in samples from patients with a wide range of muscular dystrophies other than DMD. Becker muscular dystrophy, which is allelically related to DMD, was the only other exception, and gave a sporadic staining pattern. The demonstration of a specific defect in the surface membrane of DMD muscle fibres substantiates the hypothesis that membrane lesions may initiate muscle degradation in DMD.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Presence of digitalis-like factor in mammalian plasma.

We attempted to purify a digitalis-like factor from volume expanded dog plasma using an inhibitory effect on the binding of [3H]ouabain to intact human erythrocytes to monitor digitalis-like activity. A highly polar [3H] ouabain displacing compound was purified to a high degree using a combination of chromatographic procedures including reverse phase and gel filtration high performance liquid chromatography. This compound, a reversible inhibitor of [3H]ouabain binding, closely resembles ouabain in its polarity and significantly increases during saline infusion. Its molecular weight was estimated to be 343Da. Moreover, similar compound was consistently detected in other mammalian plasma.

Binding, Competitive↗
PubMed1988

Effects of human urine-derived digitalis-like factor on cultured renal tubular epithelial cells.

We purified a polar digitalis-like factor to apparent homogeneity from human urine using inhibition of 3H-ouabain binding to intact human erythrocytes to monitor digitalis-like activity. Since endogenous digitalis-like factor may act as a natriuretic hormone, we tested the binding characteristics of this urine-derived ouabain-displacing compound to the sodium pump in intact renal epithelial cells, in order to assess its potential physiological significance. Cultured canine and porcine epithelial cell lines, MDCK and LLC-PK1, had a high sodium pump density as estimated from 3H-ouabain binding sites. Human urine-derived ouabain-displacing compound showed a dose-related inhibition of 3H-ouabain binding to both of these cells, similar to the inhibition of unlabelled ouabain. These findings indicate that the ouabain-displacing compound is capable of acting on the sodium pump in intact renal epithelial cells and may be the circulating regulator of Na+,K+-ATPase.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The effects of urinary digitalislike factor on cultured vascular smooth muscle cells.

We attempted to purify a digitalislike factor from human urine. On the assumption that a natural ligand for the digitalis receptor should be searched for on the basis of the effects on intact cells, we used an inhibitory effect on the binding of [3H]ouabain to human erythrocytes to determine digitalislike activity. A highly polar [3H]ouabain displacing activity was obtained by a combination of chromatographic procedures including reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Urine-derived [3H]ouabain displacing activity, a competitive inhibitor of ouabain binding to human erythrocytes, acted on human lymphocytes in a similar manner. The dose-response curve of this compound was parallel to that of ouabain. Urine-derived [3H]ouabain displacing activity significantly inhibited monensin-stimulated increase in ouabain-sensitive 86Rb uptake, a parameter of Na+,K+-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), by 95% (p less than 0.01) in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (A10 cells). Furthermore, this compound enhanced net 45Ca influx by 30% (p less than 0.01) and reduced 45Ca efflux by 35% (p less than 0.01) in A10 cells. These results suggest that urine-derived [3H]ouabain displacing activity may be a regulator of Na+,K+-ATPase and a modulator of vascular tone.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Serological survey of feline leukemia virus infection and the outcome of antibody-positive cats].

A serological survey was carried out to examine the presence of antibodies against feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline oncornavirus-associated cell membrane antigen (FOCMA) in 208 cat sera collected at Teikyo University School of Medicine. Seven cats (3.4%) were positive for FeLV antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay whereas no cat was positive for FOCMA antibody by indirect membrane immunofluorescent test. Anemia, leukemia and/or lymphoma formation were not observed in these FeLV antibody-positive cats. But among these seven cats, three were positive for toxoplasma antibodies. One of them was also positive for Chlamydia psittaci antibody and it died in pneumonia. Among the four toxoplasma antibody negative cats, one was died in eosinophilic granuloma. Furthermore, two of three cats, which were used for experiments, had cold and took therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Involvement of DNA polymerases in the repair of DNA damage by benzo[a]pyrene in cultured Chinese hamster cells.

Mechanisms for induction of single-strand scissions in DNA by S9-activated benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and their repair in cultured Chinese hamster V79 cells were investigated with inhibitors of DNA-repair synthesis using alkaline sucrose gradient sedimentation analysis. The marked induction of single-strand scissions in DNA was observed following 3 h treatment of V79 cells with 5 micrograms/ml of B[a]P. These DNA lesions were repaired to the control level within 4 h after removal of B[a]P. The simultaneous addition of inhibitors of DNA-repair synthesis. 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (araC) plus hydroxyurea with B[a]P did not increase the formation of DNA single-strand scissions. When these inhibitors were added after removal of B[a]P, however, they significantly blocked the rejoining of DNA-strand scissions. On the other hand, when aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, was used instead of araC, a partial inhibition of the rejoining was observed, and further addition of 2',3'-dideoxythymidine, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase beta, augmented the inhibitory effect. These results indicate that B[a]P-induced single-strand scissions of DNA in V79 cells could be repaired mostly by excision repair which involved DNA polymerase alpha and a non-alpha polymerase, presumably polymerase beta.

Animals↗