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Biomedical subjects

T Ishida

Publications and source records attributed to T Ishida.

At least 1,063 records · Page 59Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

What determines the latency and amplitude of stationary peaks in far-field recordings?

In 20 radial nerves from 10 healthy persons, a referential derivation from the tip of the first or second digit registered two biphasic stationary peaks, PI-NI and PII-NII, following stimulation of the nerve in the forearm. These two peaks occurred slightly before the arrival of the propagating impulse at the wrist and at the base of the digit, respectively. With stepwise reduction of stimulation from a maximal to a threshold intensity, the far-field potential decreased in amplitude linearly with the near-field potential recorded at the junction of the volume conductor. Abduction of the first digit or flexion of the second and third digits altered the waveform and, to a lesser degree, the latency of the far-field peaks. However, these changes appeared in an inconsistent manner, which we were unable to characterize. We conclude that in far-field recording a stationary peak results at the border of the adjoining volume conductors in proportion to the magnitude of the propagating axonal volley approaching the boundary.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Monoclonal antibodies to the v-fes product and to feline leukemia: virus P27 interspecies-specific determinants encoded by feline sarcoma viruses.

Monoclonal antibodies to p27 gag and v-fes specific determinants on the gag-onc poly-protein encoded by Snyder-Theilen feline sarcoma virus (ST-FeSV) were prepared. In order to obtain hybridoma clones specific to the antigenic determinants encoded by the FeSV genome, Lou rats were immunized with ST-FeSV-transformed, virus-nonproducing syngeneic cells, and boosted with either the same cells or affinity-purified feline leukemia virus (FeLV) p27. Three distinct clones reactive to both FeLV p27 and p85gag-fes, and one clone specific for a p85fes determinant were established. The anti-p27 monoclonal antibodies also reacted with the polyproteins p95gag-fes and p83gag-fgr, from Gardner-Arnstein (GA) and Theilen-Pedersen (TP1) FeSV, respectively. The anti-p27 monoclonal antibodies reacted with MuLV p30 and RD114 p28 but not with RSV, MMTV, or BLV. These results indicated that the part of the p27 gag gene that is preserved in ST-, GA, and TP1-FeSV encodes interspecies-specific p27 determinants.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Ameloblastoma accompanied by prominent bone formation.

A case of ameloblastoma accompanied by prominent bone formation is described. Although the clinical and radiographic appearance suggested an ossifying fibroma or fibrous dysplasia, microscopic examination showed an ameloblastoma of the follicular type with prominent bone formation.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Malignant schwannoma of the mandible.

A case of malignant schwannoma occurring in the mandible of a 76-year-old Japanese woman is presented. Results of the gross examination are described as well as the surgical procedure. Details of the staining techniques for examination of the biopsy specimen are given. The histopathological findings are mentioned including those obtained from radiographic, microscopic, and electron microscopic examination. A discussion of the disease and of its difficulty of diagnosis follows.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

A field study of infection with human T-cell leukemia virus among African primates.

African non-human primates were surveyed seroepidemiologically for natural infection of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (ATLV/HTLV-I) or its closely related virus(es). Materials from three genera (Cercopithecus, Papio, and Theropithecus), four species (grivet monkey, Anubis baboon, Hamadryas baboon, and gelada), totalling 983 animals under natural conditions, were obtained in a field study in Ethiopia. Virus infection was determined by the indirect immunofluorescence test using HTLV-I specific antigens. Animals seropositive for HTLV-I were found among grivet monkeys and Anubis baboons including the hybrid offspring between Anubis and Hamadryas baboons but not pure-Hamadryas baboons and geladas. From these results, the HTLV-I family was proved to be widespread on the African continent and was regarded as a common retrovirus among catarrhines.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Hypocholesterolemic effect of gamma-linolenic acid as evening primrose oil in rats.

The hypocholesterolemic effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids was compared in male rats given high-cholesterol diets containing either evening primrose oil (EPO, linoleic plus gamma-linolenic), safflower oil (SFO, linoleic) or olive oil (OLO, low linoleic) at the 10% level. EPO with a phytosterol content of 1.47% was found to be more hypocholesterolemic than SFO (phytosterols 0.34%), and rats given EPO excreted more neutral (cholesterol and its metabolites) but not acidic steroids during the first 2 weeks of the feeding. Even when the phytosterol content of EPO and SFO was adjusted to be the same (0.67%), EPO was still more hypocholesterolemic than SFO but to a lesser extent, although fecal neutral steroid excretion was comparable in these two dietary fat regimens. The results indicate a significant hypocholesterolemic efficacy of gamma-linolenic acid.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1986

Effects of alpha and beta adrenergic blockade on hepatic glucose balance before and after oral glucose. Role of insulin and glucagon.

In conscious dogs, phentolamine infusion significantly increased fasting portal vein insulin, glucagon, and decreased net hepatic glucose output and plasma glucose. Propranolol significantly decreased portal vein insulin, portal flow, and increased hepatic glucose production and plasma glucose. Phentolamine, propranolol, and combined blockade reduced glucose absorption after oral glucose. alpha, beta, and combined blockade abolished the augmented fractional hepatic insulin extraction after oral glucose. Despite different absolute amounts of glucose absorbed and different amounts of insulin reaching the liver, the percent of the absorbed glucose retained by the liver was similar for control and with alpha- or beta blockade, but markedly decreased with combined blockade. Our conclusions are: (a) phentolamine and propranolol effects on basal hepatic glucose production may predominantly reflect their action on insulin and glucagon secretion; (b) after oral glucose, alpha- and beta-blockers separately or combined decrease glucose release into the portal system; (c) net hepatic glucose uptake is predominantly determined by hyperglycemia but can be modulated by insulin and glucagon; (d) direct correlation does not exist between hepatic delivery and uptake of insulin and net hepatic glucose uptake; (e) alterations in oral glucose tolerance due to adrenergic blockers, beyond their effects on glucose absorption, can be, to a large extent, mediated by their effects on insulin and glucagon secretion reflecting both hepatic and peripheral glucose metabolism.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

Far-field recording of the junctional potential generated by median nerve volleys at the wrist.

In 20 arms from 10 healthy subjects, the orthodromic median sensory volleys crossing the wrist gave rise to a stationary, biphasic potential rendering the forearm initially positive (Pw) and subsequently negative (Nw) compared with the hand. A pair of electrodes located on each side of the wrist best detected the junctional potential, Pw-Nw, that developed across the partition. Here the hand and the forearm each, in effect, acted as a lead, connecting any points within the respective compartment to the voltage source. Thus, nearly the same potential difference appeared across the wrist regardless of the inter-electrode distance, allowing the detection of the voltage step in far-field derivation. Our data verify that not only positive but also negative peaks of scalp-recorded evoked responses could represent junctional potentials generated along the course of the conduction medium in the absence of fixed neural discharges.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1986

Relation between size of compound sensory or muscle action potentials, and length of nerve segment.

In 24 median nerves from 12 healthy subjects, antidromic digital sensory potentials progressively diminished in size, averaging 40.4, 37.0, 30.7, and 23.9 microV X msec with stimulation at the palm, wrist, elbow, and axilla, respectively. In contrast, compound muscle action potentials changed minimally, measuring 19.4, 19.8, 19.0, and 18.2 mV X msec, respectively. Similar studies of the ulnar and radial nerves showed identical trends. Physiologic temporal dispersion can mimic conduction block of sensory nerves by summating the peaks of opposite polarity generated by fast- and slow-conducting axons. This type of cancellation affects muscle responses much less because motor unit potentials of longer duration superimpose nearly in phase, given the same latency shift as the sensory potentials.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1986

Clinical correlates of abnormal P14 in median SEPs.

Recording median somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) from scalp and neck in separate channels with the use of an ear reference, 52 patients had abnormal scalp-recorded P14 associated with normal cervical-recorded N13. The patients had multiple sclerosis or other brainstem or high cervical cord lesions. Evidence of brainstem lesions was found in 35 patients on clinical examination or by brainstem auditory evoked potentials or blink reflex. Abnormalities of P14 were correlated highly with brainstem dysfunction, but high cervical cord lesions could not be excluded by this finding. The localizing value of SEP is improved by measuring the N13 and P14 peaks separately and assessing the cervical cord-brainstem conduction time.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Agammaglobulinemia in a pregnant woman.

A case of common variable immunodeficiency in a pregnant woman is presented. Lobar pneumonia developed in the sixth month of the pregnancy and her serum immunoglobulin levels were found to be extremely low. She was treated successfully with immune human serum globulin and antibiotics. She delivered a full-term baby without any troubles. Various immunologic studies were done in the peripheral blood of the patient and the neonate. Consequently, functional abnormalities of helper T cells were considered to be responsible for the hypogammaglobulinemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Terpenoid biotransformation in mammals. IV Biotransformation of (+)-longifolene, (-)-caryophyllene, (-)-caryophyllene oxide, (-)-cyclocolorenone, (+)-nootkatone, (-)-elemol, (-)-abietic acid and (+)-dehydroabietic acid in rabbits.

The metabolism of (+)-longifolene, (-)-caryophyllene, (-)-caryophyllene oxide, (-)-cyclocolorenone, (+)-nootkatone, (-)-elemol, (-)-abietic acid and (+)-dehydroabietic acid was studied in rabbits. Each of these sesquiterpenoids was converted to primary, secondary or tertiary alcohols, among which the primary alcohol was predominant. A vinylic methyl group and an exomethylene group were easily hydroxylated and converted to a glycol via an epoxide in many cases. Eight new metabolites were determined by chemical and spectroscopic methods.

Abietanes↗
PubMed1986

[Evaluation of a tumor-associated antigen CA 15-3 in the sera of patients with breast cancer].

Serum levels of CA 15-3 were determined in normal women and patients with breast cancer and other diseases. The serum concentration of normal subjects was 9.8 +/- 4.4 units/ml (mean +/- S.D., n = 97). The patients with primary and recurrent breast cancer had significantly higher levels of CA 15-3, their values being 23.1 +/- 59.6 (n = 47) and 127.6 +/- 179.7 (n = 32) units/ml, respectively. When the value of 20 units/ml was used as the cutoff for the normal value, the positive rates were 4%, 26% and 75% in normal women and breast cancer patients primary and recurrent, respectively. No increased levels were found in the sera of patients with benign breast diseases or with gastrointestinal, thyroid, lung and other cancers. The elevated levels of CA 15-3 decreased after successful therapy both in primary and recurrent breast cancer patients, while there was no change in nonresponders. The measurement of serum CA 15-3 would be useful for monitoring the therapy and for detection of the recurrence of breast cancer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical evaluation of a new tumor marker, CA 15-3, in breast cancer; a comparative study with CEA].

Recently, a new RIA method has been developed by Centocor Co., utilizing the monoclonal antibody CA 15-3. We performed a clinical trial to evaluate its utility as a tumor marker for breast cancer in comparison with CEA. We set 15 U/ml as the cut-off value of serum CA 15-3 level from results acquired from controls; 10 volunteers and 17 patients with non-malignant diseases. The CA 15-3 positive rate among the cases of primary breast cancer was 13.3%, which was of poor diagnostic value. In the recurrent cases the positive rate of CA 15-3 was 72.0%, which was valuable compared with that of serum CEA, 52.0%. In the cases of primary cancers other than breast cancer, the positive rate of CA 15-3 was 6.9%.

Adult↗