Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to T Inoue.

At least 1,153 records · Page 64Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Nuclear nephrology].

Three consensus reports entitled "renal clearance," "ACE inhibitor renography for detecting renovascular hypertension," and "diuresis renography for investigating the dilated upper urinary tract" were published in The Journal of Nuclear Medicine in 1996. Although nuclear nephrology is useful technique to evaluate renal function, there were wide variations of technical procedure and their interpretations among different centers. Minimal standardization by these consensus reports may help to raise the level of practice of renal nuclear medicine. The introduction of 99mTc-MAG3 (MAG3) enhanced the utility of renal nuclear medicine because of the rapid clearance and suitable gamma-ray energy for imaging by gamma camera. In this chapter, the principle, procedures, and interpretations of renal nuclear medicine examinations using MAG3 regarding renal clearance measurements, ACE inhibitor renography, and diuresis renography are explained and discussed.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1997

Immunolocalization of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in the peri-implant epithelium.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the proliferating activity of peri-implant epithelium immunohistochemically using proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Eight ITI (Internationale Team für Implantologie) implants were placed into simulated sockets in the mandibles of two beagle dogs two months following tooth extraction. As a control, junctional epithelium of the molar teeth in the same animals were used. The nature of staining and the distribution of PCNA immunoreactivity were determined by scoring a minimum of 100 cells on two sections from each of the implants. In the junctional epithelium, the immunoreactivity to PCNA was detected mainly in the basal cells, in some of the prickle cells, and in a few cells attached to the enamel. In peri-implant epithelium, only some of the basal cells were positive for PCNA. The PCNA score of the peri-implant epithelium was significantly lower than that of junctional epithelium. These results suggest that the peri-implant epithelium maintains a lower capacity to act as a proliferative defence mechanism than does the junctional epithelium.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[A case of interstitial pneumonia induced by intravesical administration of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)].

A 61-year-old man with superficial bladder cancer, which was detected after he complained of hematuria, was treated three times with intravesical BCG administration. Since liver dysfunction was detected thereafter, he was admitted to our hospital. Three days after admission, he complained of dyspnea on exertion associated with severe hypoxemia, as well as abnormal findings on chest X-ray, i.e. extensive bilateral lung densities. We performed bronchoscopic examination and obtained bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung biopsy specimens (TBLB). In the BALF, a marked increase in the total cell number, particularly lymphocytes with a high CD4/CD8 ratio was noted. TBLB specimens revealed the lesions to be numerous non-caseating granulomas. We failed to obtain definite evidence of BCG in the sputum, urine, blood, and BALF. Instead, we found that a lymphocyte stimulation test for BCG (DLST) was strongly positive. Based on these findings, severe interstitial pneumonia probably induced by hypersensitivity against BCG, was diagnosed. Anti-tuberculous agents, and steroid-pulse therapy followed by oral administration of relatively low dose of steroid ameliorated the abnormal conditions, including chest X-ray film findings and hypoxemia. The population of lymphocytes and CD4/CD8 ratio in the BALF were reduced as well. Serious interstitial pneumonia was induced by the intravesical administration of BCG, which resulted in transitional changes in the BALF cell component.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1996

Fluorescence detection of specific sequence of nucleic acids by oxazole yellow-linked oligonucleotides. Homogeneous quantitative monitoring of in vitro transcription.

We have developed a fluorescent DNA probe, oxazole yellow (YO)-linked oligonucleotide complementary to a target DNA/RNA, which can enhance the fluorescence on hybridizing with a target nucleotide. We demonstrated the applicability of the YO-linked oligonucleotide probe to real-time monitoring of the in vitro transcription process of a plasmid DNA constructed containing the 5'-terminus non-coded region of hepatitis C virus RNA. In the process of in vitro transcription in the presence of YO-linked complementary oligonucleotide, the fluorescence of the reaction mixture showed a time-dependent linear increase corresponding to the generated target RNA product.

Benzoxazoles↗
PubMed1996

Phase III trial of high and low dose rate interstitial radiotherapy for early oral tongue cancer.

PURPOSE: Oral tongue carcinomas are highly curable with radiotherapy. In the past, patients with tongue carcinoma have usually been treated with low dose rate (LDR) interstitial radiation. This Phase III study was designed to compare the treatment results obtained with LDR with those obtained with high dose rate (HDR) interstitial radiotherapy for tongue carcinoma. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The criteria for patient selection for the Phase III study were: (a) presence of a T1T2N0 tumor that could be treated with single-plane implantation, (b) localization of tumor at the lateral tongue border, (c) tumor thickness of 10 mm or less, (d) performance status between O and 3, and (e) absence of any severe concurrent disease. From April 1992 through December 1993, 15 patients in the LDR group (70 Gy/4 to 9 days) and 14 patients in the HDR group (60 Gy/10 fractions/6 days) were accrued. The time interval between two fractions of the HDR brachytherapy was more than 6 h. RESULTS: Local recurrence occurred in two patients treated with LDR brachytherapy but in none of the patients treated with HDR. One- and 2-year local control rates for patients in the LDR group were both 86%, compared with 100% in the HDR group (p = 0.157). There were four patients with nodal metastasis in the LDR group and three in the HDR group. Local recurrence occurred in two of the four patients with nodal metastases in the LDR group. One- and 2-year nodal control rates for patients in the LDR group are were 85%, compared with 79% in the HDR group. CONCLUSION: HDR fractionated interstitial brachytherapy can be an alternative to traditional LDR brachytherapy for early tongue cancer and eliminate the radiation exposure for medical staffs.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Expression of polymorphonuclear leukocyte adhesion molecules and its clinical significance in patients treated with percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the role of neutrophil adhesion molecules LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18), Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) and p150,95 (CD11c/CD18) in patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). BACKGROUND: Several recent studies have suggested that cell adhesion molecules on both neutrophils and vascular endothelial cells play an important role in the process of tissue inflammation. METHODS: Thirty-eight patients (30 men, 8 women; mean [+/-SE] age 56 +/- 5 years, range 38 to 76) with single-vessel coronary artery disease of the left anterior descending artery underwent coronary angioplasty. Peripheral blood was sampled at baseline before, immediately after and 12, 24, 48 and 144 h after PTCA. The expression of CD18, CD11a, CD11b and CD11c on the surface of polymorphonuclear leukocytes was examined by flow cytometry with monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS: In patients without subsequent restenosis, there was no change in mean channel fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD18 at each sampling time. However, in the patients with restenosis, the MFI of CD18 significantly increased at 48 h after PTCA (from 57 +/- 6 to 73 +/- 8, p = 0.0008). The MFI of CD11b increased slightly at 48 h after PTCA in patients without restenosis (from 584 +/- 121 to 735 +/- 114, p = 0.037). In patients with restenosis, the MFI of CD11b was slightly increased at 24 h after PTCA (from 586 +/- 122 to 768 +/- 214, p = 0.018) and significantly increased at 48 h after PTCA (to 1,534 +/- 268, p = 0.0006). The expression of CD11a and CD11c did not change at any sampling points after PTCA in either of the two patient groups. Percent change in the expression of CD18 at 48 h after PTCA (from baseline) and that of CD11b were correlated (r = 0.73, p = 0.0008) in patients with restenosis. CONCLUSIONS: Inflammatory stimuli within the coronary vessels associated with coronary angioplasty may upregulate Mac-1 expression on the surface of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. This process may be more marked in patients who experience later restenosis. Thus, activation of neutrophil adhesion molecule Mac-1 at 48 h after PTCA may have value as a predictor of subsequent restenosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Orderly disposition of heterogeneous small subunits in D-ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from spinach.

We determined the crystal structure of spinach ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) by x-ray diffraction at 1.8-A resolution and found that the enzyme contained two kinds of S, SI and SII, present in equal number and disposed in an orderly way within the Rubisco holoenzyme. The electron density maps suggested that leucine was at residue 56 in SI, although histidine was at that position in SII. There were other residue differences. Thus, spinach Rubisco has a L8SI4SII4 subunit structure. The orderly disposition of the heterogeneous small subunits in the Rubisco holoenzyme provides accounts of a multigene family of S in plants.

Crystallography, X-Ray↗
PubMed1996

Characterization of the newly constructed domains that replace P5abc within the Tetrahymena ribozyme.

The P5abc domain of the Tetrahymena ribozyme has been shown to function as an activator that enhances core catalytic activity of the ribozyme. We reported previously that several new domains in that their primary sequences are different from that of P5abc are also capable of activating the ribozyme. It was unclear whether the mechanism of activation by the new domains is identical to that by P5abc. We have investigated structural and functional properties of the new domains and obtained evidence that strongly indicates that a particular domain activates the ribozyme in a different manner from that by P5abc.

Adenine↗
PubMed1996

Survival rates of patients with metastatic spinal cancer after scintigraphic detection of abnormal radioactive accumulation.

STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective study analyzes the timing of spinal metastases and the survivability of patients with cancer after the detection of spinal metastases. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the timing of spinal metastases in primary lesions and the survivability of patients with metastatic spinal tumors. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Few studies have analyzed the influence of primary lesions on survival rates of patients with metastatic spinal tumors. METHODS: This is a review of bone scintigraphy that was performed serially in patients with pulmonary cancer, breast cancer, prostatic cancer, cervical cancer, renal cancer, and gastric cancer from 1980 to 1991. To exclude false positive cases, the spinal areas showing abnormal accumulation on bone scintigrams were further examined by other methods of diagnostic imaging. The timing of scintigraphic detection of spinal metastases and the survivability were studied in 425 patients with spinal metastases. The survivability after spinal accumulation was determined by the Kaplan-Meier survival curve. RESULTS: The mean period, from the diagnosis of the primary lesion to the detection of abnormal accumulation in the spine, was shortest in pulmonary cancer (3.6 +/- 6.1 months), and it was longest in breast cancer (29.4 +/- 33.5 months). The 1-year survival rate was high in breast cancer (78%) and prostatic cancer (83%), and it was low in pulmonary cancer (22%) and gastric cancer (0%), respectively. The 6-month survival rate of gastric cancer was 15%. CONCLUSIONS: When managing metastatic spinal tumors, it is essential to select therapeutic methods based on adequate consideration of the features of primary lesions and the expected prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Effect of citalopram, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, on the acquisition of conditioned freezing.

The present study examined the effects of the selective serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) reuptake inhibitor citalopram on the acquisition of conditioned freezing, an index of anxiety. Acute treatment with citalopram (1-10 mg/kg) dose dependently prevented the acquisition of conditioned freezing, while acute treatment with noradrenaline or dopamine reuptake inhibitors failed. The acute effect of citalopram was not antagonized by the 5-HT1A receptor antagonist NAN190, 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-[4-(2-phthalimmido)butyl]piperazine or the 5-HT2A/2C receptor antagonist ICI169,369, 2-(2-dimethylaminoethylthio)-3-phenylquinoline hydrochloride. These results indicate that selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitors reduce not only the expression of conditioned freezing as reported previously, but also the acquisition of conditioned freezing. Both these effects of selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitors may be related to their clinical efficacy in the treatment of anxiety disorders.

Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors↗
PubMed1996

Selective induction of fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 mRNA after transient focal ischemia in the cerebral cortex of rats.

The expression of the mRNA of four members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor family, was examined in rats subjected to temporal middle cerebral artery occlusion using an in situ hybridization technique. Fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 (FGFR-1) mRNA was strongly expressed in neurons of the cerebral cortex, whereas mRNAs of the other 3 subtypes of FGFRs (FGFR-2, -3, and -4) were not expressed. After temporal occlusion of the middle cerebral artery, expression of FGFR-1 mRNA in cerebral cortical neurons markedly increased in association with the progressive neuronal death; this increase was evident for at least 5 days after the focal ischemia. In view of the neuroprotective activity of basic FGF reported so far, the present results suggest that FGFR-1 induction may subserve to self-protect neurons in the ischemic penumbral field of the cerebral cortex.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Chicken monoclonal antibody isolated by a phage display system.

A method for obtaining chicken mAb using a phage display system was established. Chickens were hyperimmunized with murine serum albumin, and polyadenylated RNA was extracted from their spleen cells. cDNA of V regions of heavy or lambda-chain genes were obtained by reverse transcription-PCR using a pair of newly designed primers. A phage display library of 1.4 x10(7) clones expressing the chicken Ab variable region as a single chain was constructed. The library was panned three times against the Ag, then screened by ELISA. Of a number of Ag-binding clones, five mAb were identified by DNA sequencing. The specificity of these mAb for serum albumin of various species was examined by ELISA. The results showed different degrees of cross-reactivity to rat serum albumin, but not to other albumin. This method provides a procedure for efficiently generating specific chicken mAb against murine proteins and against the proteins of other mammals, whose amino acid sequences are highly conserved in mammalian species. The nucleotide sequences of lambda-chains revealed components to develop diversification of chicken Ab molecules. Four to seven pseudogene sequences were found per lambda-chain, which are regarded as donors in gene conversion for preimmune repertoire formation. A total of 28 nucleotide substitutions, which may be somatic hypermutations in Ag-driven affinity maturation but could also be errors introduced during gene conversion or polymorphic residues, were found in five lambda-chains.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) produced by peritoneal fibroblasts may affect mesothelial cell morphology and promote peritoneal dissemination.

Mesothelial cell monolayers have been reported to prevent infiltration of cancer cells into the peritoneum. We have previously reported that peritoneal fibrosis induced by gastric cancer cells prior to metastatization may provide a congenial environment for peritoneal metastases. In this study, we investigated the effects of peritoneal fibroblasts on peritoneal mesothelial cell morphology. Human gastric cancer (OCUM-2MD3), peritoneal fibroblast (NF-2P) and mesothelial (MS-1) cell lines were established in our laboratory. Histology of the peritoneum was investigated following intraperitoneal inoculation of serum-free conditioned media (SF-CM) from OCUM-2MD3 cells into nude mice. SF-CM from peritoneal fibroblasts was added to monolayer-cultured mesothelial cells, and their morphology was examined by phase-contrast microscopy. This experiment was conducted in the presence and absence of neutralizing antibodies against various factors. Mesothelial cells exposed to fibroblasts proliferation became hemispherical and separated from each other, while unexposed mesothelium remained as a flat monolayer. Cultured-mesothelial cells rounded up or exhibited a fibroblast-like shape following the addition of peritoneal fibroblast SF-CM. Anti-hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) neutralizing antibody partly inhibited this effect. We suggest that soluble factors, such as HGF, produced by peritoneal fibroblasts affect the morphology of mesothelial cells in monolayers so that the resulting environment may become prone to the peritoneal dissemination of cancer cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Effects of hydroquinone-type and phenolic antioxidants on calcium signals and degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells.

We previously reported that a hydroquinone-type antioxidant, 2,5-di(tert-butyl)-1,4-hydroquinone (DTBHQ), increases intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), causes degranulation together with a protein kinase C activator, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA), and increases antigen-induced degranulation in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells. In this study, the effects of five-hydroquinone-type and phenolic antioxidants (2,5-di(tert-amyl)-1,4-hydroquinone [DTAHQ], 2-tert-butyl-1,4-hydroquinone [MTBHQ], 3,5-di(tert-butyl)-4-hydroxytoluene [BHT], 3,5-di(tert-butyl)-4-hydroxyanisole [DTBHA], and 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole [MTBHA]) on [ca2+]i and degranulation (beta-hexosaminidase release) were examined and compared with that of DTBHQ. DTAHQ (> or = 3 microM) showed effects similar to those of DTBHQ (10 microM) on [Ca2+]i elevation, induction of degranulation with TPA, and increase of antigen-induced degranulation. BHT (50 microM) and DTBHA (50 microM) caused [Ca2+]i elevation and increased degranulation in the presence of TPA or antigen, but their effects were less than those of DTBHQ and DTAHQ. MTBHQ and MTBHA had no effect on [Ca2+]i and degranulation, even at 50 microM. The degree of Ca2+ response caused by the compounds correlated well with the increase in degranulation, but not with their antioxidant activity estimated with the first oxidation potential. From these results, it is suggested that the increasing effects of six antioxidants on degranulation in the presence of TPA or antigen were dependent on [Ca2+]i increase caused by the compounds, probably through their ability to inhibit endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

In vivo induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for a single epitope introduced into an unrelated molecule.

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) recognise antigenic peptides in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules on virus-infected cells. The formation and transportation of antigenic peptides to class I MHC in the cells are multi-step reactions known as antigen processing. In order to design a good DNA vaccine, it is important to dissect the specificity of antigen processing. Here we describe the construction of an epitope-based plasmid vector as a device to investigate antigen processing in transfected cells. The epitope-based plasmid vector was constructed by insertion of an epitope-encoding minigene into the lacZ gene. We used a CTL epitope on influenza A virus nucleoprotein (NP366-374 epitope) as a model. Upon transfection, the epitope-based plasmid vector induced the expression of NP epitope antigenically as well as immunogenically. Immunization of mice with plasmid-transfected cells was able to induce NP epitope-specific CTLs in vivo. Moreover, the plasmid vector functioned as a gene vaccine; NP epitope-specific CTLs were primed in vivo upon transfection of the vector into dermis by electroporation. The results suggest that this epitope-based DNA delivery system may provide a new strategy for in vivo induction of epitope-specific CTLs to investigate antigen processing and presentation.

Amino Acid Sequence↗