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Biomedical subjects

T Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to T Inoue.

At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Diagnosis of the first Japanese patient with 3-oxo-delta4-steroid 5beta-reductase deficiency by use of immunoblot analysis.

UNLABELLED: A 3-oxo-delta4-steroid 5beta-reductase (5beta-reductase) deficiency is difficult to diagnose because severe liver damage can result in a similar pattern of metabolite excretion. We investigated the usefulness of immunoblot analysis for diagnosis of 5beta-reductase deficiency and quantitatively analysed urinary bile acids by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in a 5-month-old Japanese boy with severe neonatal cholestasis associated with hypertyrosinaemia. A liver sample was examined by immunoblot analysis using monoclonal antibodies against 5beta-reductase. Urinary 3-oxo-delta4 bile acids accounted for 88.3% of total bile acids, 5alpha-bile acids for 0.9%, and primary bile acids for 9.1%. Immunoblot analysis of the liver tissue showed an indistinct band of 5beta-reductase. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that this patient had a secondary 5beta-reductase deficiency due to severe liver damage, even though 3-oxo-delta4 bile acids constituted more than 70% of total urinary bile acids. However, the patient may possibly have had an inherited 5beta-reductase deficiency.

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗
PubMed1998

Primary gastric Burkitt's lymphoma presenting with c-myc gene rearrangement.

A 54-year-old man with primary gastric Burkitt's lymphoma is described. He was evaluated for appetite loss and intermittent midepigastric pain. Upper gastroduodenal endoscopy detected an ulcer in the lesser curvature of the body, and biopsy specimens revealed infiltration of medium-sized lymphoblasts with "starry sky" macrophages. The infiltrated cells were positive for a B-cell marker. Abdominal computed tomography scan demonstrated marked enlargement of the gastric wall, but no enlargement of lymph nodes. These findings led us to diagnose primary gastric Burkitt's lymphoma. The patient responded dramatically to CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) chemotherapy, but 6 months after his initial admission, the disease recurred in the stomach and bone marrow. Lymphoblastic cells were positive for B-cell markers (CD 10, 19, 20, and human leukocyte antigen [HLA]-DR) and showed an abnormal karyotype, 47, XY, t(8;14)(q24;q32), +12. In these cells, the Epstein-Barr virus genome was detected by polymerase chain reaction. Southern blot analysis revealed rearrangement of Ig heavy and light chain genes. In addition, c-myc gene rearrangement was detected. Eight months after the beginning of chemotherapy, the patient died of central nervous system involvement. To our knowledge, this is the first description of a genetic analysis of primary gastric Burkitt's lymphoma.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1998

Constant infusion rates of lipid emulsions to stabilize plasma triglyceride concentrations: medium-chain triglyceride/long-chain triglyceride emulsions (MCT/LCT) versus LCT.

As medium-chain triglyceride emulsions (MCT) are more rapidly hydrolyzed than long-chain triglyceride emulsions (LCT), MCT/LCT tends to be infused faster than LCT. The purpose of the present study was to determine the most appropriate infusion rate for MCT/LCT to stabilize plasma concentrations of triglyceride (TG), being equivalent to the optimal infusion rate of the emulsion. A TG clamp was set up by raising the mean +/- SD concentrations of TG in plasma, being 1.08 +/- 0.18 delta mmol l(-1) for LCT, and 1.65 +/- 0.31 delta mmol l(-1) for MCT/LCT after a 50-min priming infusion of each emulsion. Thereafter, the infusion rate of lipid was controlled every 10 min to maintain a steady concentration of TG for a period of 150 min. A constant infusion of glucose at 0.32 g/kg body weight (BW) per h was administered for the test period. The weight-based rate of the infusion to maintain a steady state of plasma TG concentrations did not differ between MCT/LCT and LCT, being 0.125 +/- 0.013 vs 0.117 +/- 0.021 g/kg BW per h, while the molar-based infusion rate was 0.203 +/- 0.021 mmol/kg BW per h for MCT/LCT and 0.132 +/- 0.023 mmol/kg BW per h for LCT (P < 0.05). These results suggest that although 54% more molar MCT/LCT-TG can be hydrolyzed during a constant infusion, MCT/LCT should not be infused at a rate faster than 0.1 g/kg BW per h under a steady state.

Fat Emulsions, Intravenous↗
PubMed1998

p53 protein overexpression as a predictor of the response to chemotherapy in gastric cancer.

This study was performed to evaluate p53 overexpression as a predictor of the response to chemotherapy of patients with gastric cancer. The subjects comprised 20 patients with Stage IV gastric cancer and three with locally recurrent lesions, all of whom were treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) plus cisplatin (CDDP) for 4 weeks. Of the total 23 patients there were 10 responders; 2 showing complete response (CR) and 8, partial response (PR). Specimens obtained by endoscopic biopsy were immunohistochemically stained using anti-p53 protein and bcl-2 protein antibody. Of the 10 responders, 7 demonstrated negative p53 staining, and of the 13 nonresponders, 11 demonstrated positive p53 staining (P = 0.013). Tissue from 3 of the responders and 7 of the nonresponders that stained for bcl-2 were positive prior to chemotherapy; however, there was no association between bcl-2 staining and chemotherapeutic effect. In conclusion, immunohistochemical identification of p53 in pretreatment tissue may represent a useful predictor for chemotherapeutic outcome in patients with gastric cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Viruses produced from complementary DNA of virulent and avirulent strains of swine vesicular disease viruses retain the in vivo and in vitro characteristics of the parental strain.

A full-length cDNA copy of the genome of the pathogenic strain, J1'73, of swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV) was constructed and inserted into the plasmid pSVL to generate a recombinant plasmid pSVLSJ1. Infectious virus was produced following transfection of cultured mammalian cells with the plasmid. The recovered virus had the same in vitro properties as the parental strain with regard to antigenicity, plaque size on IBRS-2 cells and single-step growth. Pigs were experimentally infected with the parental virus, J1'73 strain, and viruses recovered from cells transfected with the plasmids pSVLSJ1 and pSVLS00 [Inoue T, Yamaguchi S, Saeki T, Sekiguchi K, J Gen Virol 71: 1,835-1,838 (1990)] corresponding to the pathogenic (J1'73) and non-pathogenic (H/3'76) Japanese strains of the SVDV, respectively. All pigs inoculated with the virus recovered from pSVLSJ1 produced clinical signs of similar severity to those inoculated with the parental J1'73 strain. In contrast, pigs inoculated with the virus recovered from pSVLS00 did not show any clinical signs. Viruses recovered from cells transfected with either pSVLSJ1 or pSVLS00 therefore retained the in vitro characteristics and the in vivo pathogenicity of their respective parental strains.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Urinary 7alpha-hydroxy-3-oxochol-4-en-24-oic and 3-oxochola-4,6-dien-24-oic acids in infants with cholestasis.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Urinary 3-oxo-delta4 bile acids have been detected in infants who ultimately died of liver disease. We used qualitative and quantitative methods to compare urinary 3-oxo-delta4 bile acids in liver disease, determining their composition and evaluating the prognostic implication in patients of various ages with various liver diseases. METHODS: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to measure 3-oxo-delta4 bile acids in the urine of patients and healthy controls. RESULTS: Patients with a deficiency of 3-oxo-delta4-steroid 5beta-reductase and acute hepatic failure exhibited a significantly higher percentage of 3-oxo-delta4 bile acids in total bile acids in urine than the healthy controls or other patient groups, including those with neonatal cholestasis or biliary atresia (p<0.0001). The urinary 3-oxo-delta4 bile acids in patients with 3-oxo-delta4-steroid 5beta-reductase deficiency who had a poor prognosis were mainly 7alpha-hydroxy-3-oxochol-4-en-24-oic acid and 3-oxochola-4,6-dien-24-oic acid. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that an increase in the 7alpha-hydroxy-3-oxochol-4-en-24-oic acid and 3-oxochola-4,6-dien-24-oic acid in the urine of patients with hepatobiliary disease indicates a poor prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Acanthamoeba keratitis with symbiosis of Hartmannella ameba.

PURPOSE: To report a case of severe amebic keratitis in which both Hartmannella and Acanthamoeba were isolated simultaneously from the same lesion. METHOD: Case report. The deep corneal lesion was scraped for cytopathology and isolation of the pathogens. We tested the in vitro sensitivities of the pathogens to several drugs. RESULTS: Cultures of the corneal scrapings and of the solution in the patient's contact lens storage case were positive for Acanthamoeba E9 cysts and trophozoites. Hartmannella ameba coexisted with Acanthamoeba in the cornea. When tested in vitro, Acanthamoeba trophozoites were sensitive to both miconazole nitrate and natamycin, while cysts were sensitive only to natamycin. However, the patient did not respond to these antiamebic drugs. CONCLUSIONS: This case suggests that Acanthamoeba is not the only origin of amebic keratitis. Hartmannella may also cause severe drug-resistant keratitis.

Acanthamoeba↗
PubMed1998

Therapeutic and diagnostic potential of a vasopressin-2 antagonist for impaired water handling in cirrhosis.

OBJECTIVE: Progressive cirrhosis is associated with increasing difficulty to handle free water. We examined the therapeutic potential of an orally active nonpeptide vasopressin-2 receptor antagonist (OPC-31260) in the management of edema and ascites in patients with cirrhosis. By means of its chemical blockade of the vasopressin-2 receptor in the kidney, we also assessed the ability of renal water handling in the early stage of cirrhosis. METHODS: A single 30 mg dose of OPC-31260 was administered orally to eight biopsy-proven patients with cirrhosis who had ascites or peripheral edema. The aquaretic responses were compared with those in six healthy subjects. RESULTS: In the patients with cirrhosis, OPC-31260 significantly (p < 0.01) increased the urinary excretion rate at 0 to 2 hours, and significantly (p < 0.01) lowered urine osmolality at 2 to 4 hours after administration. Free water clearance increased from -0.48 +/- 0.14 to +0.19 +/- 0.21 ml/min (p < 0.05) at 0 to 4 hours after administration. However, these aquaretic responses in the patients with cirrhosis were only approximately half the responses observed in the healthy subjects. A significant (p < 0.05) inverse relationship was observed between indocyanine green retention at 15 minutes after administration and the maximal free water clearance after administration to the patients with cirrhosis. Urinary sodium excretion did not change significantly in the patients, whereas it increased twofold in the healthy subjects. Urinary vasopressin excretion tended to increase in the patients, whereas it increased twofold to threefold (p < 0.01 to 0.05) from the baseline in the healthy subjects. Urinary prostaglandin E2 excretion was not increased, and serum sodium and plasma vasopressin levels were elevated only slightly in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Even though a hyporesponsiveness was observed in the group of patients with cirrhosis compared with the healthy group, the novel vasopressin-2 antagonist induced hypotonic diuresis in patients with cirrhosis, suggesting a therapeutic potential in managing water excess. This drug response may be a new index to assess impairment of water handling in patients with cirrhosis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1998

Impaired endothelium-dependent acetylcholine-induced coronary artery relaxation in patients with high serum remnant lipoprotein particles.

Acetylcholine (Ach)-induced vascular relaxation is mediated by nitric oxide released from the endothelium. Hence, impaired Ach-induced relaxation reflects endothelial dysfunction. The action of lipoprotein lipase on chylomicrons and very low density lipoproteins produces remnant lipoproteins (RLP) rich in triglycerides (TG), cholesterol (C) and apolipoprotein E (apo E). Apo E on RLP serves as a ligand for uptake of RLP by macrophages, endothelial cells and other cells expressing the LDL receptor or the remnant receptor; uptake of RLP by vascular wall cells can promote atherosclerosis. Serum C, TG, Lp(a), apo E, apo A-I, apo B, HDL-C and RLP-C were measured in 652 patients who underwent diagnostic coronary angiography. Of these, 48 (32 males and 16 females, age 59 +/- 10 years) were suspected of having ischaemic heart disease because they had chest pain, but without angiographic evidence of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease defined as a discrete stenosis or intimal irregularity, and without any other known underlying heart disease. These were selected for acetylcholine provocation test in the left coronary artery. Nineteen of 48 patients had high RLP-C ( > or = 5 mg/dl, mean 8.7 +/- 3.1 mg/dl), 29 had normal RLP-C ( < or = 5 mg/dl, mean 2.4 +/- 0.4 mg/dl, P < 0.0001). The percent change (-, constriction, or +, dilation) in coronary artery diameter after intracoronary injection of Ach was smaller in the high RLP-C group, compared with the normal RLP-C group thus, in the left anterior descending artery, -33 +/- 23 vs -8 +/- 25 in the proximal segment (P <0.01), -30 +/- 37 vs -3 +/- 29 in the mid segment (P < 0.01), -17 +/- 47 vs 16 +/- 43 in the distal segment (P < 0.001); in the left circumflex artery, -29 +/- 46 vs -9 +/- 28 in the proximal segment (P < 0.01), -29 +/- 43 vs -5 +/- 34 in the mid segment (P < 0.01), -26 +/- 43 vs 10 +/- 31 in the distal segment (P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in other lipid levels. These results suggest that there is an association between high serum RLP-C and coronary vascular endothelial cell dysfunction and that RLP-C may be taken as a marker of early stage coronary artery atherosclerosis not detectable by angiography.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1998

Prune belly syndrome with penile and urethral agenesis: report of a case.

The authors report the case of an infant born with prune belly syndrome associated with penile and urethral agenesis. At 15 weeks' gestation, antenatal ultrasonography showed a fetal giant bladder, congenital hydronephrosis, and oligohydramnios, and at 17 weeks' gestation, a fetal vesicoamniotic shunt operation was performed. A boy was born at 33 weeks' gestation with prune belly syndrome, an anocutaneous fistula, and penile agenesis. A cystostomy and cut-back operation were performed immediately, showing urethral agenesis, no urethral opening, and left renal hypoplasia. Thereafter, his renal system began functioning normally, and a urinary tract infection resolved. The authors speculate that the prune belly syndrome in this patient was caused by penile and urethral agenesis.

Fetal Diseases↗
PubMed1998

The complete sequence of four major structural proteins of African horse sickness virus serotype 6: evolutionary relationships within and between the orbiviruses.

The amino acid sequences of four major capsid proteins of African horse sickness virus (serotype 6, AHSV-6) have been determined from analyses of cDNA clones representing the L2, L3, M6 and S7 RNA segments. The AHSV-6 L3 RNA segment has an open reading frame of 2715 base pairs and encodes the inner capsid protein VP3 which comprises 905 amino acids. The VP3 layer forms the subcore of the virion and is surrounded by the VP7 protein which is encoded by the S7 gene. The AHSV-6 S7 gene was found to be 1047 nucleotides in length with a coding capacity for the VP7 protein of 349 amino acids. These core proteins are encapsulated by the outer capsid proteins VP5 and VP2 which are encoded by the M6 and L2 genes respectively. The M6 gene of AHSV-6 was determined to be 1564 nucleotides in length and encoded a protein product of 504 amino acids while the L2 gene comprised 3203 nucleotides which encoded a predicted protein product of 1051 amino acids. Comparison of these four sequences with the core protein sequences of other serotypes of African horse sickness virus, Bluetongue virus which infects sheep, and Epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus of deer, demonstrated that despite the pathobiological properties and host range of these distinct orbiviruses, extreme conservation is evident within the capsid genes. Sequence analyses also suggested that the similarity levels between serogroups depict the structure and function of the individual capsid proteins. The data indicated that the evolution of the capsid genes of gnat transmitted orbiviruses is strongly influenced by functional and structural constraints.

African Horse Sickness Virus↗
PubMed1998

Peripheral vascular reactions to smoking--profound vasoconstriction by atherosclerosis.

Analyses of direct effects of smoking on peripheral arteries were done using thermography, blood fluorometry and echography on 97 habitual smoker-diabetics without triopathy. There were found to be four types of thermographic changes following smoking, which varied according to the degree of atherosclerosis of the artery. The smoking-stimulated thermographic pattern in the control group of healthy volunteers was a small wavy pattern, fluctuating along the base line every few minutes within a temperature range of 1.0-1.5 degrees C (N type). In diabetics, four types of thermographic patterns were produced: normal (N) type as control, increasing (I) type (increasing in skin temperature), decreasing (D) type (decreasing in temperature), and F type (no changes in temperature). The most significant finding was the decreasing pattern which closely connected to clinical and echographic aspects of macroangiopathic changes. The increasing type was characterized by a paradoxical increase in temperature after smoking in order diabetics with good blood glucose control and who were less atherosclerotic. Blood flow was correlated to the skin temperature at the base state and changes after smoking. Moreover, blood flow changes measured by fluorometry suggest that vasoconstriction or vasodilatation following smoking took place. These results suggest that this smoking test might be a good tool for diagnosing for the degree of atherosclerosis and for its following up.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1998

The changes of lacunar state during a 5-year period in NIDDM.

With the increment of the aged, primary and secondary prevention of cerebrovascular disease in the Japanese diabetics are crucial problems. Early detection of asymptomatic infarction, not rare in diabetics, is important in the view of cost benefits. Little is known about the development and progression of asymptomatic infarction. We investigated the number of lacuna during a period of 5 years in 51 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). At the initiation of this study, 22 patients were free from lacuna and another 29 patients had asymptomatic multiple lacunae. In the former patients, no risk factors were different between the 13 patients with still no lacuna and the nine patients with lacuna-developed after 5 years. In the latter patients, the 17 patients with worsening lacunar state had significantly higher systolic blood pressure, and a higher prevalence of macroalbuminuria than the 12 patients with no increment of lacuna. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that macroalbuminuria after 5 years was the only contributing factor to the increased lacuna. Therefore, in the NIDDM, macroalbuminuria induced an increase of lacuna in magnetic resonance imaging, although numbers of cases were relatively small. Prevention of the development of macroalbuminuria are essential to avoid the progression of asymptomatic lacuna.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Protective effects of green tea on hepatotoxicity, oxidative DNA damage and cell proliferation in the rat liver induced by repeated oral administration of 2-nitropropane.

To evaluate the benefit of green tea in mitigating hazards caused by repeated exposure of 2-nitropropane (2NP), we examined the effects of the tea on toxic indices, oxidative DNA damage and cell proliferation in the liver of 2NP-treated rats. Male Fischer 344 rats were administered, by gastric intubation, a total of six doses of 60 mg/kg 2NP(L), or alternatively two doses of 90 mg/kg and then four doses of 120 mg/kg 2NP(H) during 2 weeks. Green tea infusion was given to the rats as drinking water 1 week before the 2NP treatments and throughout the experiment. Significant elevation of hepatotoxic indices was evident in the 2NP(H)-treated group, such as an increase of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) activity and of hepatic lipid peroxidation, together with a decrease in hepatic glycogen and serum triglyceride, and degenerative changes in the hepatocytes. A dose-related increase was observed in oxidative DNA damage and cell proliferation in the liver. Green tea effectively inhibited all of above changes induced by 2NP treatment, suggesting that tea intake may be effective for preventing the hepatic injuries after chronic exposure to 2NP.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Correlated long-term increase of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and Trk B proteins in enlarged granule cells of mouse hippocampus after kainic acid injection.

Our previous studies have shown that a single injection of kainic acid into the dorsal hippocampus of adult mice resulted in hypertrophy of the dentate gyrus granule cells. This hypertrophy was correlated with a long-lasting increase of brain-derived neurotrophic factor messenger RNA, and prevented by anti-sense brain-derived neurotrophic factor oligonucleotide treatment. These results suggest that an increase of brain-derived neurotrophic factor messenger RNA may be a major trigger of granule cells enlargement. However, the level of messenger RNA of Trk B, the high-affinity receptor of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, was not increased significantly, raising the question of whether increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor messenger RNA level leads actually to an increased protein production. The objective of the present study was to examine this; changes in contents of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and TrkB protein were monitored by immunohistochemistry during kainic acid-induced hypertrophy. Results show that immunoreactivities of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and Trk B were present in enlarged granule cells. These immunoreactivities increased from two to 16 weeks after kainic acid injection and were maintained up to 12 months. Simultaneous increases of brain-derived neurotrophic factor messenger RNA and protein, and of TrkB protein were coupled tightly to the chronology of granule cell enlargement, suggesting that the action of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the induction and maintenance of kainic acid-induced granule cells enlargement is likely to be mediated by TrkB. The discrepancy between the previously described lack of increase of TrkB messenger RNA and the herein observed increase of the protein further reveals the existence of translational regulations of the receptor messenger RNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Malignant mesenchymoma arising in an incisional scar of the abdominal wall.

A case of malignant mesenchymoma of the anterior abdominal wall, composed of leiomyosarcoma, chondrosarcoma and osteosarcoma is described. The tumour, arising in the old scar of a previous operation, was completely removed surgically. Eleven months after the operation the patient is well with no evidence of recurrence. There have been no previous reports of malignant mesenchymoma developing in operation scars. We believe that this traumatic factor played a significant role in the aetiology of this rare soft-tissue neoplasm.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1998

Circadian variation of urinary type I collagen crosslinked C-telopeptide and free and peptide-bound forms of pyridinium crosslinks.

This study was performed to investigate the circadian variation of urinary CrossLaps (CTx), which was the type I collagen peptide released during bone matrix degradation, and peptide-bound and free forms of urinary pyridinium crosslinks. Urine was obtained during the 24 h of the study in seven separate collections as follows: from 23:00 h to the first void (FV) followed by FV at 11:00, 11:00-14:00, 14:00-17:00, 17:00-20:00, 20:00-23:00, and 23:00 h to FV the next morning. Total, free, and peptide-bound pyridinoline (Pyr) and deoxypyridinoline (Dpyr) excretion measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and CTx measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in nine premenopausal women aged 22-40 years and nine osteoporotic women aged 65-83 years was analyzed. Among three parameters of Pyr measured by HPLC, a significant day and night difference was found only in total Pyr (21.9% higher at night than during the day in premenopausal women and 24.0% in osteoporotic women, whereas no significant day and night variation was found in free and peptide-bound Pyr in either group. In contrast, total and peptide-bound Dpyr were significantly (37.9% and 66.9%) higher at night than those during the day in premenopausal women (38.0%) and osteoporotic women (48.8%). For free Dpyr, there were no day and night differences in the two groups. The day and night variances were significantly greater in peptide-bound Dpyr than with total Dpyr in both groups. In urinary CTx, a significant circadian variation with a peak at night and a nadir at 17:00 h was found (p < 0.0001) (premenopausal was 54.0% higher at night than during the day; osteoporotic was 38.4%. In conclusion, urinary CTx represented remarkable circadian variation compared with urinary pyridinium crosslinks measured by HPLC. Furthermore, free pyridinium crosslinks did not undergo a circadian variation. Peptide-bound crosslinks might contribute mostly to the circadian variation of total excretion of pyridinium crosslinks.

Adult↗