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Biomedical subjects

T Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to T Inoue.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[The mechanism of glucose intolerance in patients with Graves' disease].

To investigate the mechanism of glucose intolerance in patients with Graves' disease, a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test and euglycemic glucose clamp study using Biostator were performed in patients with Graves' disease and control subjects. 80 per cent of the patients showed impaired glucose tolerance. Insulinogenic index in the patients with borderline or diabetic glucose response was lower than that in subjects with normal glucose response. Insulinogenic index was inversely correlated with sigma PG during the test. Despite normal basal plasma glucose concentrations, basal plasma insulin levels in the patients with Graves' disease were higher than in the controls. Using the euglycemic glucose clamp technique, the glucose utilization rate (M value), the metabolic clearance rate of glucose (MCRG) and the insulin sensitivity index (M/I x 100) in the patients with Graves' disease were lower than in the controls. After treatment with antithyroid drug in 3 patients, glucose tolerance completely normalized, and there was a significant increase in the M value and the MCRG and a significant decrease in the metabolic clearance rate of insulin (MCRI) compared to the values before treatment. In the patients with Graves' disease, basal serum glucagon levels were higher than in the controls, and glucagon suppression during insulin infusion was found to be decreased. From these data, it is concluded that the decrease in glucose tolerance in patients with Graves' disease can be explained by 1) the impairment of early insulin release response to rapid intestinal glucose absorption, 2) increased insulin metabolic clearance and 3) hyperglucagonemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Prognostic factor of telecobalt therapy for early glottic carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Local control rates of T1 and T2 glottic carcinoma treated with radiation alone were reported as 80-91% and 63-76%, respectively. The authors investigated the factors that affect the local control rate for early glottic carcinoma. METHODS: From 1967 through 1982, 330 patients with early glottic carcinoma (T1: 274 patients; T2: 56) were treated with telecobalt therapy at the Department of Radiology, Osaka University Hospital, Osaka, Japan. RESULTS: Five-year actuarial survival rates of patients with T1 and T2 were 79% and 80%, respectively. Five-year local disease control rates of patients with T1 and T2 disease were 81% and 67%, respectively. In 243 of 254 patients treated with 2 Gy a day, tumor response could be evaluated at the dose level of 40 Gy. For tumors treated with a daily dose of 2 Gy, local control rates of 153 tumors that disappeared at 40 Gy and 90 tumors that persisted at 40 Gy were 83% and 62%, respectively (P < 0.001). Field size and daily fraction size did not affect the local control rate. CONCLUSION: Evaluation of tumor response at 40 Gy was an important indicator of local disease control for early glottic cancers treated with 2 Gy a day.

Cobalt Radioisotopes↗
PubMed1992

Vasodilator action of guinea pig vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP): comparison with common mammalian VIP.

The vascular activity of guinea pig (gp) and common mammalian (p) VIP were compared in anesthetized guinea pigs and dogs. In the guinea pig, intravenous injections of gpVIP and pVIP increased pancreatic blood flow and reduced the systemic arterial pressure and pancreatic vascular resistance in a dose-related manner. There were no significant differences in the vasodilator actions of these two VIPs, indicating that the overall cardiovascular actions of gpVIP and pVIP are similar in guinea pigs. In the dog, gpVIP, when given intra-arterially, was less potent (about 1/4) than pVIP in its action on femoral blood flow, suggesting that the blood vessels of the dog hind leg are more sensitive to its own VIP than to gpVIP. Oxidation of pVIP and gpVIP with H2O2 greatly reduced their vasodilator effects on the femoral arterial blood flow. The vascular effects were restored to control levels by reduction of the oxidized peptides with mercaptoethanol, which suggests that methionine residues of gpVIP and pVIP are important in the vasodilator effect on the femoral arterial bed in dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

A region of group I introns that contains universally conserved residues but is not essential for self-splicing.

The catalytic core of the self-splicing group I intron RNAs is composed of six paired regions together with their connecting sequences; these are thought to form two elongated domains, with paired regions P5, P4, and P6 aligned along one axis and P8, P3, and P7 along the other. Most of the very highly conserved residues of the group I introns lie in or near P7, but two occur in L4, the internal loop connecting P4 and P5. It is generally believed that such bases are conserved because they are essential for splicing. Mutants were created in a member of each of the two major subclasses of group I introns, in which P5, L4, and the distal portion of P4 were deleted. Splicing activity was still detected in these mutants, albeit substantially weakened; splicing was accurate and occurred by the normal group I mechanism, with addition of a guanosine molecule to the intron. Thus the deleted region, containing two universally conserved bases, is not essential but facilitates splicing. Another reaction characteristic of group I introns, hydrolysis of the 3' splice site, was less severely affected by the deletions. The results are discussed in terms of the prevailing three-dimensional model for the core structure of the group I introns.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Difference of acute ketone body metabolism between insulin-dependent diabetic and non-insulin-dependent diabetic individuals].

The difference in the acute metabolic change in ketone bodies between patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) was investigated in this study. The subjects employed were 7 patients with IDDM losing residual insulin secretion and 7 patients with NIDDM matched to the former patients for age, body mass index, duration of diabetes, daily insulin dosage, fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c. Blood samples were drawn at 3A.M. and 7A.M. on the same day, and plasma glucose, acetoacetic acid (AcAc), 3-beta-hydroxybutylic acid (3-OHBA), free fatty acid (FFA), glycerol, cortisol and growth hormone (GH) concentrations were determined. Plasma total ketone bodies (AcAc and 3-OHBA), 3-OHBA and FFA concentrations at 7A.M. were significantly higher in the patients with IDDM than in those with NIDDM (p < 0.05), while there were no significant differences in any other parameters at 3A.M. between the patients with IDDM and those with NIDDM. The ratios of 7A.M. value/3A.M. value of total ketone bodies, AcAc and 3-OHBA concentrations were also more significantly elevated in the patients with IDDM than in those with NIDDM. It was observed that the ratio of 3-OHBA was more than 2.0 in all of the patients with IDDM and less than 2.0 in all of the patients with NIDDM, the difference being significant with p < 0.001.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

cDNA cloning of rat LRP, a receptor like protein tyrosine phosphatase, and evidence for its gene regulation in cultured rat mesangial cells.

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases) are a family of enzymes that play a crucial role in the regulation of signal transduction mediated by reversible protein tyrosine phosphorylation. To understand the significance of PTPases in physiological and pathophysiological processes in the kidney, we isolated three cDNA segments encoding PTPases (LAR, LRP and a novel PTPase) from rat kidney by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Using PCR product as a probe, we isolated a full-length cDNA of rat LRP. LRP cDNA encoded a single membrane spanning protein consisted of 796 amino acids, with two tandemly located intracellular PTPase domains. By Northern analysis, a ubiquitous pattern of LRP gene expression in rat tissues was demonstrated. In cultured rat mesangial cells, LRP mRNA was detected and the mRNA level was suppressed by either interleukin-1 or interleukin-6 treatment.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

[CT assessment of gallbladder opacification 12-24 hours after angiography].

After the injection of conventional contrast agents that are largely excreted in urine, gallbladder opacification is observed in patients with renal dysfunction. However, some reports have noted that gallbladder opacification on plain radiographs occurs frequently in patients without renal impairment after the intravenous administration of Ioxaglate, one of the new low-osmolality agents. We carried out CT examination 12-24 hours after angiography with various kinds of contrast media in 437 patients to examine the incidence of gallbladder opacification. The influence of hepatobiliary and renal function on the excretion of contrast medium is discussed. Gallbladder opacification was observed in more than 60% of the patients. This result indicates that gallbladder opacification is not a rare phenomenon, and is even common in delayed CT examinations of patients with normal renal function. The high frequency of gallbladder opacification was recognized not only in the renal dysfunction group but also in the normal liver function group. Gallbladder opacification in delayed CT examination shows that the hepatobiliary tract is important in the excretion of contrast medium.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Establishment of stable CD8+ suppressor T cell clones and the analysis of their suppressive function.

Stable CD8+ suppressor T cell (Ts) clones were established by a relatively simple method. Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH)-primed spleen cells from C3H mice were depleted of B cells and CD4+ T cells by panning and cytotoxic treatment, and the resulting CD8+ T cells were periodically stimulated with antigen and irradiated syngeneic spleen cells followed by manifestation in interleukin-2 (IL-2) containing medium. T cell clones with a definite suppressor function were established by limiting dilution. They were defined as classical effector type Ts of CD8+ phenotype as they had constant and definite suppressor functions in antigen-induced T cell proliferation and specific antibody response against T cell-dependent antigens without detectable cytotoxic activity against both antigen presenting cells (APC) and helper T cells (Th). They showed no helper activity for B cells and produced no detectable helper type lymphokines such as IL-2 and IL-4. CD8+ Ts clones were able to inhibit the antigen-induced IL-2 production of normal and cloned T cells. Their suppressive activity was antigen-nonspecific and major histocompatibility complex-unrestricted. CD8+ Ts clones were also able to suppress the proliferative response of Th clones induced by immobilized anti-T cell receptor (TcR) and anti-CD3 mAbs but not the response induced by concanavalin A (ConA) and IL-2. All the CD8+ T cell clones established independently utilized the TcR V beta 8 gene. Syngeneic antigen presenting cells could induce proliferation of these CD8+ clones, which was blocked by anti-CD8 and anti-I-Ak monoclonal antibody (mAb) but not by anti-class I mAbs. The stimulation of CD8+ Ts clones with immobilized anti-CD3 resulted in the release of a suppressor factor(s) that potently inhibited the antigen-induced proliferation of CD4+ Th clones and the in vitro secondary antibody formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Evidence for the existence of a restriction-modification system common to several species of the family Vibrionaceae.

A broad-host-range vibriophage KVP40 originally isolated on Vibrio parahaemolyticus 1010 was restricted and modified by strains of at least five Vibrio and one Photobacterium species. 1010 was a non-restricting host. An anti-restriction mutant KVP40 aar1 was isolated after propagating the phage on a restricting host, V. anguillarum VIB36. KVP40 aar1 grown on either 1010 or VIB36, as well as the parental phage grown on VIB36, showed much higher efficiencies of plating on all the restricting hosts as compared with the parental phage grown on 1010, indicating that these restricting hosts probably share a common restriction-modification system active in vivo on KVP40.

DNA Restriction-Modification Enzymes↗
PubMed1992

[Endobronchial intraluminal brachytherapy for patients with tracheobronchial carcinoma with high dose-rate 192-Iridium remote afterloading method].

Endobronchial intraluminal brachytherapy was conducted for 5 patients with tracheobronchial carcinoma using 192Iridium high dose-rate afterloading machine (microSelectron HDR) and guide tubes of 1.9 mm in outer diameter. Four patients with bronchial non-small cell carcinoma and one with tracheal adenocarcinoma were applied, and a dose of 6 Gy/Fr. at points 1 cm from the source once a week, and a cumulative dose of 18 Gy/3 Fr. was delivered. Guide tubes could be placed up to 3 tubes via the vocal airway, and new computer planning system could afford to calculate dose from independent lining of the source into optimization. This could be done with safety, and no remarkable acute side effects were observed attributable to this method.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1992

Detection of citrulline residues in deiminated proteins on polyvinylidene difluoride membrane.

We have developed a new detection method of deiminated proteins on polyvinylidene difluoride membranes. Citrulline residues in enzymatically deiminated histones were modified by incubating with diacetyl monoxime and antipyrine in a strong acid mixture. The products were injected to rabbits, and the antibodies obtained were affinity-purified using a modified citrulline column. Sample proteins blotted to the membrane were modified in a similar manner and incubated successively with the purified antibody and an alkaline phosphatase-conjugated second antibody. Detection was performed using a chemiluminescent substrate. The method enabled detection of 3-10 fmol of citrulline residues dot blotted as deiminated model proteins. It visualized numerous rat pituitary soluble proteins that had been enzymatically deiminated and Western blotted to the membrane. The data suggest usefulness of the method for detecting deiminated proteins regardless of the backbone protein molecules. Search for deiminated proteins on the Western blots of various rat tissue homogenates detected a single band on that of spinal cord, another band on that of uterus, and multiple bands on those of skin and hair root. The bands in the former two tissue homogenates comigrated with glial fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Molecular cloning of cDNAs for human fibroblast nucleotide pyrophosphatase.

Nucleotide pyrophosphatase (NPPase) activity is markedly elevated in cultured skin fibroblasts from patients of Lowe's syndrome. cDNA clones encoding the NPPase were isolated using synthetic oligonucleotide probes designed on the basis of partial amino acid sequence of the enzyme purified from human placenta. The complete sequences of these clones yielded a merged sequence of 3508 bases. The polypeptide chain of the enzyme was deduced to comprise 873 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 99,703 and had the characteristics of a class II transmembrane protein. Ten potential N-glycosylation sites were detected in the protein. RNA blot analysis showed that human fibroblasts contain two minor mRNAs of 7.0 and 8.2 kb, respectively, in addition to a major 3.6-kb species that coincides with the merged cDNA in size. A computer search of a nucleotide sequence data-base revealed that plasma cell membrane glycoprotein PC-1, whose function was unknown at the time, is identical with the NPPase. Comparison of the amino acid sequence of the NPPase with the active site sequence of bovine 5'-nucleotide phosphodiesterase allowed the assignment of a putative active site domain to the central region of the COOH-terminal extracellular domain of the NPPase. The gene for human NPPase was localized to chromosome 6 at q22-q23 by in situ hybridization with a fragment of the NPPase cDNA.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

ras gene mutations as a prognostic marker in adenocarcinoma of the human lung without lymph node metastasis.

Adenocarcinoma of the lung obtained at surgical resection was examined for mutation at codons 12, 13, and 61 of the oncogenes K-ras, H-ras, and N-ras, using polymerase chain reaction and oligonucleotide hybridization techniques. The mutation was detected in 18 of the 115 cases (15.7%), and 15 of 18 were at codon 12, 2 were at codon 13 of K-ras, and 1 was at codon 61 of N-ras. G to T transversions were most common. The ras gene mutations were more frequent in the male patients (P = 0.0048). No significant differences were found to be related to stage of the disease or tumor-nodes-metastases classification between positive and negative groups of the ras gene mutations. A history of tobacco use was not always a factor contributing to mutation. Of the completely resected group without lymph node metastasis, the 5-year survival rate in the ras-positive group was 53.3%, which was significantly poorer than the 83.6% survival rate in the ras-negative group (P less than 0.05). Our findings suggest that ras gene mutations may be prognostic, especially in the early stage adenocarcinoma of the lung.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

[Image-transmission using 64 kbps-ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) and mini-PACS].

We carried out the image-transmission using 64kbps-ISDN between two image workstations (IWS) of mini-PACS installed at the Department of Radiology, Osaka Teishin Hospital and the Kashiwa Works, Hitachi Medical Corporation. The distance between Osaka and Kashiwa is about 600 km. The subtraction of two images before and after transmission revealed no change of the data of the image during transmission. For 1/2 compression image, the times of image-transmission of 256 x 256, 320 x 320 and 512 x 512 matrix were 9, 17 and 33 second, respectively. The efficiency of image-transmission was about 80%. Using ISDN, we can make an accurate, rapid and cheap image-transmission.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1992

[Treatment results of radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the cheek mucosa].

The results of radiotherapeutic treatment in 71 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cheek mucosa were reviewed. The actuarial 5-year local control rate was 100% for T1 (8 patients), 62% for T2 (43), 65% for T3 (17) and 0% for T4 (3). The patients were divided into four groups according to treatment modality; group 1 was treated by radiotherapy alone (R), group 2 by radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy of BLM or PEP (R + C), group 3 by external radiotherapy followed by surgery (R + S) and group 4 by a combination of radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery (R + C + S). The 5-year local control rate was 44% for R (11 patients), 61% for R + C (39), 63% for R + S (6) and 80% for R + C + S (15). Nine of 14 cases or 64% of the surgical specimens in the R + C + S group showed no tumor cells microscopically, a rate comparable with the 5-year local control rate of the R + C group. Including the results of secondary treatment by surgery for recurrent cases, the ultimate local control rate was 83% in both the R and R + C groups. The local control rate was 88% for carcinoma located in the anterior half of the cheek and 53% for that in the posterior cheek. The results suggested that tumors extending to the bucco-alveolar sulci would be more difficult to control by radiotherapy alone, with or without chemotherapy.

Adult↗