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Biomedical subjects

T Imai

Publications and source records attributed to T Imai.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Prophylaxis of superficial bladder tumor with the intravesical instillation of bacillus Calmette-Guerin or anti-cancer agents. A retrospective study].

It was retrospectively analyzed whether intravesical instillation of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) or anti-cancer agents had prophylactic effect or not after removal of superficial bladder tumors. The results over a follow-up period ranging from 6 to 40 months showed 23.8 per cent recurrence in group 1 patients treated with BCG (21 patients), 46.7 per cent recurrence in group 2 treated with anti-cancer agents (45 patients) and 52.3 per cent recurrence in the group 3 (127 patients) which were not received any intravesical drugs. Long-term results among the 3 groups calculated with Kaplan-Meier method demonstrated that the instillation of BCG or of anti-cancer agents was more useful for prophylaxis, compared with the actuarial non-recurrence rates of group 3. The instillation of BCG showed good prophylactic effects especially in recurrent, grade 2 and pTa bladder tumors. The instillation of anti-cancer agents showed to provide prolonged protection from recurrence, but the instillation of BCG did not.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1992

[Microsurgical autotransplantation of abdominal testis].

A 32-year-old man who had bilateral non-palpable testis underwent microsurgical orchidopexy of the right abdominal testis. Inferior epigastric vessels were used for the recipient vessels. Ischemic time during the operation was 40 minutes. Postoperative doppler readings revealed excellent blood flow to the testis, and HCG-stimulating test revealed good response. Now, 2 years after surgery, no sign of atrophy is found.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Radiopacity of the cystine calculi on KUB].

To study the radiopacity of cystine calculi. We have compared them with oxalate and/or phosphate calculi on plain X-ray films (KUB). Eleven pure cystine calculi from 5 people in 4 families, and 8 oxalate and/or phosphate calculi as controls were obtained from patients by lithotomy or spontaneous discharge in Dokkyo University School of Medicine and affiliated hospitals, since 1978. The radiopacity of cystine calculi was measured by a densitometer PDA-60 (Konika Co.), comparing the density of the calculus with that of the area surrounding the calculus on KUB. All cystine calculi were easily recognized on KUB, and their densities were fairly identical with those of oxalate and/or phosphate calculi.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[A clinicopathologic study of atrial infarction complicating left ventricular posterior myocardial infarction].

Among a series of 400 consecutive autopsy cases we performed a clinicopathologic study of atrial infarction in 46 autopsy-proven cases, which had acute or old left ventricular (LV) myocardial infarction. We used blocks taken from both atrial appendages, the region of the sinus-node, the lateral wall of the right atrium, the posterior wall of the right atrium, and the posterolateral wall of the left atrium. Atrial infarction was identified in 13 (28%) of 46 cases with LV posterior infarction which was caused by lesions of the right coronary artery; 10 cases were right atrial infarction and 3 were both right and left atrial infarction. Among 13 cases in which the acute phase of ventricular infarction could be followed, 3 cases exhibited transient atrial fibrillation. Of these 3 cases, 2 had atrial infarction. The mean stenotic index of the proximal right coronary artery was 4.3/5 in the 13 cases of atrial infarction, 3.2/5 in 17 cases of acute necrosis or scar and 3.1/5 in 16 cases without ischemic atrial lesions. Most of the atrial infarction was found in the right atrium; 10 in the right atrial appendage, 8 in the right atrial lateral wall, 3 in the region of the sinus node and the left atrial posterolateral wall, 2 in the right atrial posterior wall, and one in the left atrial appendage. In conclusion, the incidence of atrial infarction was unexpectedly high (28%) in LV posterior infarction caused by lesions of the proximal right coronary artery, particularly in severe stenosis or obstruction.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Intraductal mucin-producing tumors of the pancreas.

Four cases of intraductal mucin-producing tumors of the pancreas are presented, with a literature review. These tumors have been reported with increasing frequency, especially in Japan, since it was advocated that they represented a new clinical entity in 1982. Despite the recent controversy, intraductal mucin-producing pancreatic tumor has been recognized as a distinct entity, i.e., mucinous ductal ectasia. In the present paper, clinical features of these tumors and their relation to our own classification of mucin-producing pancreatic tumors are discussed.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1992

[A clinicopathologic study of morphologic tricuspid valve prolapse in the aged: comparison with color Doppler evaluation].

Similar morphologic abnormalities have often been observed in the leaflets of tricuspid valve in patients with mitral valve prolapse. In the present study, morphologic tricuspid valve prolapse was analyzed in 500 consecutive autopsies of the aged over 60 years (mean 78.5 yrs, 266 men, 234 women). Additionally, the sensitivity and specificity of the color Doppler technique applied before death were assessed in 61 autopsy cases. The results were as follows: 1. The incidence of morphologic tricuspid valve prolapse was 22.2% at autopsy in 500 cases of the aged, however, tricuspid regurgitation had not clinically been detected in any of them. 2. The prolapse of 2- or 3-leaflets was common (78.5%). Among the 3 leaflets, the prolapse was more frequently observed in the anterior or posterior leaflet than in the septal leaflet. Combined tricuspid and mitral valve prolapses were observed in 22 cases (19.8%). 3. Among 61 cases examined by color Doppler echocardiography, autopsy showed that 16 cases had tricuspid valve prolapse and 14 cases tricuspid regurgitant flow signals (87.5%). 4. Regurgitant flow signals were also detected in 4 of 12 morphologically normal cases (33.3%). 5. In autopsy cases of the aged, generally, the incidence of morphologic tricuspid valve prolapse and tricuspid regurgitant flow signal were high, however, hemodynamically significant regurgitation due to prolapse was very rare.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[A case of adult onset hypophosphatemic vitamin D resistant osteomalacia].

A case of adult onset hypophosphatemic vitamin D resistant osteomalacia is described. A 40-year-old female who complained of thorax and lumbar pain and gait disturbance was admitted to our hospital on 7 November, 1988. The patient had hypophosphatemia with normal plasma calcium, parathyroid hormone and 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 concentrations, but had decreased tubular reabsorption of phosphate and decreased plasma 1, 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 concentrations. The iliac crest bone biopsy showed osteomalacic changes. The 99mTc-MDP bone scintigram showed evidence of increased bone turnover with raised plasma alkaline phosphatase concentrations. After treatment with oral 1 alpha-hydroxy vitamin D3 (3-6 micrograms/day) and intravenous or oral phosphate supplement (0.47-1.74g/day), the subjective and clinical findings improved.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Effects of ethanol intake by the mother rat on learning ability and behavior of offspring rats].

The effects of ethanol intake by the mother rat were studied in five groups of Fischer strain rats; we observed learning ability and behavior of offspring rats using a maze with eight radial arms. I The ethanol free-intake groups (F-) were given a 10% aqueous solution of ethanol, classified by length of ethanol exposure. The mother rats were exposed to ethanol from a young age. The offspring were classified as follows: A. to the delivery (F-DEL), B. to the lactation period (F-NURS), C. to the lactation period, and after weaning, the offspring was continuously exposed to the maze experiment (F-CON). II The ethanol compulsory-intake group (P-DEL) was given a 20% aqueous solution of ethanol, 2 ml/100 g b.w., for the first time on the first day of pregnancy. The solution was given orally once a day through gestation. III The control group was not exposed to ethanol. Radial arm maze observations were made on offspring rats during a total of 30 trials, and we made the following findings: 1) The number of trials required for fulfilling learning criterion was significantly large in F-DEL and F-NURS male rats groups relative to the controls; that is, F-DEL and F-NURS were slow in learning. The number of rats which did not fulfill the learning criterion was significantly large in F-DEL and F-NURS male rats groups, relative to the controls. 2) In all groups running time was shortened with training time, it was result of acclimation to the device and of practice to catch and eating feed. In female rats of the F-DEL and F-NURS groups, running time was not shortened with the training, relative to the control. 3) The behavior of the rats in the F-CON group differed from those in the other groups: The number of well-performed trials was significantly large in F-CON rats group relative to control. They seemed to lack carefulness, and the number of times they failed to eat the feeds even though they succeeded in selecting the correct arm, was significantly large in F-CON female rats group, relative to the controls, in the final 10 trials. Their motion was abrupt and they ran at extraordinarily high speeds. 4) The number of trials required for fulfilling learning criterion was significantly large in the P-DEL rats relative to the controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Results of surgical treatment for roentgenographically occult bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma.

Ninety-four patients with roentgenographically occult bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma had surgical resection. Fifty-three reported having no symptoms. In 83 carcinoma was detected by cytologic examination of the sputum during lung cancer screening. The carcinomas were located in segmental bronchi (34 cases), subsegmental bronchi (19 cases), divisional bronchi (17 cases), and subsubsegmental or more peripheral bronchi (15 cases). The number of cases classified by TNM staging were 16 Tis N0 M0, 72 T1 N0 M0, 4 T1 N1 M0, and 2 T2 N1 M0. Extrabronchial invasion of the resected carcinoma was observed in 17 lesions (16 cases). Five of six patients with lymph node metastasis in the resected specimens had carcinoma with extrabronchial invasion. Multiple primary lung cancers were observed in nine patients at the time of operation and in seven subsequently. Four of seven patients with subsequent primary lung cancer had surgical resection, and no recurrence was observed after the second operation. There were two deaths from lung cancer: One was caused by subsequent primary lung cancer and the other by mediastinal lymph node metastasis. In the 75 patients with intrabronchial cancer invasion and without lymph node metastasis who had complete resection, there was no local recurrence or metastasis of cancer. The 5-year survivals were 80.4% (death from all causes) and 93.5% (death from lung cancer). Although subsequent primary lung cancer is troublesome, operation is a reliable treatment for occult bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma.

Bronchoscopy↗
PubMed1992

Improvement of oral bioavailability of fenbufen by cyclodextrin complexations.

The interactions of fenbufen (FB) with alpha-, beta-, gamma-cyclodextrins (CyDs) were studied in aqueous solution and in solid state. beta-CyD formed water soluble complex with FB in the molar ratio of 1:2 (guest:host). The solid complex of FB with alpha-CyD was obtained in the molar ratio of 1:2 (guest:host), while the same with gamma-CyD was obtained as 1:1 ratio. The dissolution rate and bioavailability of FB were significantly increased by the formation of inclusion complexes (alpha greater than gamma-CyD complex). CyDs had no effect on the metabolic time of FB forming two active metabolites, and the bioavailability of metabolites was also increased by complexation of FB with CyDs. The bitter taste of FB powder was reduced by alpha-CyD complexation. The enhanced bioavailability and reduced bitterness of FB by CyD complexations suggested the possibility of applying FB in smaller doses with fewer side-effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Role of thromboxane A2 and prostaglandin I2 in the increase of airway responsiveness in dogs after ozone exposure].

To investigate the role of thromboxane (Tx) A2 and prostaglandin (PG) I2 in the development of airway responsiveness after ozone exposure, we measured the airway responsiveness to inhaled methacholine (Mch), TxB2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in 18 dogs after ozone exposure. Airway responsiveness to Mch was determined by Astograph (7 Hz oscillation method), and ozone exposure was carried out for 2 hr at an ozone level of 3.01 +/- 0.05 ppm (mean +/- SEM). Airway responsiveness to Mch increased significantly after ozone exposure (p less than 0.001). TxB2 levels in BALF were not affected by ozone exposure, but the levels of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha decreased significantly after ozone exposure (p less than 0.001). The ratio of TxB2/6-keto-PGF1 alpha increased significantly after ozone exposure, and the change in this ratio correlated significantly with the change of airway responsiveness to Mch (p less than 0.01, r = 0.654). These results suggest that airway hyperresponsiveness after ozone exposure is induced by the relative increase of TxA2 due to the decrease of PGI2.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1992

[A case of Sjögren syndrome associated with sarcoidosis].

A 70 year-old female with a 6-year history of primary Sjögren syndrome was admitted with fever and loss of weight. Examinations such as the lip biopsy reconfirmed the diagnosis of primary Sjögren syndrome. Abdominal CT and gallium scan showed lymphadenopathy in the abdominal cavity, and an exploratory biopsy was done. Lymph nodes and liver biopsy specimens revealed multiple noncaseating granulomata with some Langhans' giant cells, consistent with sarcoidosis. It has been previously proposed that connective tissue disease and sarcoidosis are related in terms of pathogenesis because both diseases share common immunological features and abnormalities in regard to cellular and humoral immunity. Indeed some data in the literature show a striking similarity between the lymphocyte subpopulation in the parotid gland of Sjögren syndrome and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of sarcoidosis. However, it is difficult to assume the same pathogenesis for both diseases, because this aspect of the diseases has not been completely clarified. Despite the fact that the two share common immunological features and abnormalities, the coexistence of primary Sjögren syndrome and sarcoidosis has rarely reported.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Effects of acetaldehyde exposure on maternal rats and their offspring].

The effects of intake of acetaldehyde, the proximal metabolite of ethanol, were studied in two groups of Fischer strain rats. Virgin rats were mated at 3 months of age or at 8 months of age. The acetaldehyde intake group (AcH) was given a 2% aqueous solution of acetaldehyde for the first time on the first day of pregnancy. The solution was then given once a day, oral net acetaldehyde 240 mg/kg b.w. through gestation, labor and lactation. The control group was not exposed to acetaldehyde. Comparative observations were made on both maternal rats and their offspring. 1) Maternal body weight gain between the first and 20th day of pregnancy was significantly low in the AcH group compared with the control group (3-month-old: p less than 0.05, 8-month-old: p less than 0.05). As for placental weight, 3-month-old AcH mothers showed no significant differences from the controls, whereas 8-month-old AcH mothers weighed significantly less than those in the control group (p less than 0.01). Histological investigation disclosed that the brain, liver, and kidney had slight changes in all AcH mothers, whereas the control group showed almost no changes. 2) The average number of fetuses at the 20th day of gestation, neonates per litter, did not significantly differ among the groups. 3) As for the body weight of the offspring of 3-month-old mothers, the AcH neonates and 10-day-old offspring weighed significantly less than those in the control group (p less than 0.01, p less than 0.01). In the case of 8-month-old mothers, the AcH fetuses at the 20th day of gestation and neonates weighed significantly less than the controls (p less than 0.01, p less than 0.01). 4) Histological study of the brain, lung, liver, kidney, and thymus in offspring revealed remarkable visceral immaturity and hemorrhage in the AcH group, as compared to the controls.

Acetaldehyde↗
PubMed1992

[Inhibitory effect of S-1452, a specific thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist on the increase of airway responsiveness in dogs after ozone exposure].

We evaluated the inhibitory effect of S-1452, a specific thromboxane (Tx) A2 receptor antagonist on the increase of airway responsiveness in 7 dogs after ozone exposure. Airway responsiveness to inhaled methacholine (Mch) was determined by Astograph (7 Hz oscillation technique), and at the same time TxB2, 6-keto-prostaglandin (PG) F1 alpha, PGE2 levels and total cell counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured. Ozone exposure was carried out for 2 hr at an ozone level of 3.04 +/- 0.02 ppm (mean +/- SEM). Airway responsiveness to Mch increased significantly after ozone exposure (p less than 0.01), and this hyperresponsiveness was inhibited significantly by pretreatment with S-1452 (p less than 0.02). TxB2 and PGE2 levels in BALF did not change after ozone exposure, but the levels of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha decreased significantly after ozone exposure (p less than 0.05). Total cell counts in BALF increased significantly after ozone exposure (p less than 0.02). The decrease of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha levels and the increase of total cell counts were not affected by pretreatment with S-1452. These results suggest that S-1452 is protective against the increase of airway responsiveness induced by ozone exposure, and that TxA2 plays an important role in the hyperresponsiveness. But hyperresponsiveness may not be induced by hyperproduction of TxA2, but by the relative increase of TxA2 to PGI2.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis associated with spontaneous pneumothorax].

A 34-year-old female associated with spontaneous pneumothorax was diagnosed as pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis by open lung biopsy and pathological examination. The biopsy specimen of the lung showed marked proliferation of smooth muscle in the lung. This disease is seen only in women in childbearing age, and hormonal therapy is ineffective, but bilateral oophorectomy seems, in some cases, to have a beneficial effect. Lung transplantation can be applied to patients with terminal pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[A clinical study on panipenem/betamipron in chronic respiratory tract infections].

Panipenem/betamipron (CS-976, PAPM/BP), a new carbapenem antibiotic, was administered a single dose of 500 mg or 750 mg via intravenous drip infusion twice a day for treatment of chronic respiratory infection to study its clinical efficacy, bacteriological efficacy and safety. Twenty nine cases were studied for the efficacy evaluation. Only the safety evaluation was made in 6 cases which were judged to be unsuitable, because in some of them pneumonia and other diseases were not specified as the subject diseases, of serious illness in some the conditions were too serious, and in the other cases the duration of administration was insufficient since administration had to be discontinued due to side-effects. The duration of administration was 6 to 18 days with 1 g divided into 2 doses daily or 4 to 15 days with 1.5 g in 2 divided doses daily. When clinical efficacies were classified according to different diseases, this preparation was effective in 11 cases and slightly effective in 1 case of 12 cases of chronic bronchitis with an efficacy rate of 91.7%. It was effective in 10 cases, slightly effective in 1 case and ineffective in 1 case of 12 cases of bronchiectasis with an efficacy rate of 83.3%. It was slightly effective in 2 and ineffective in 1 out of 3 cases of diffuse panbronchiolitis, and was effective in 2 cases of pulmonary emphysema with infections. PAPM/BP was given at a dose level of 1 g in 2 divided doses daily to 17 cases and that of 1.5 g in 2 divided doses daily to 10 cases. For the remaining 2 cases, changes in the dose level were made in middle course of treatment. The efficacy rate in the 1 g regimen was 76.5% and that with the 1.5 g regimen was 90%. The overall results in the 29 cases included 23 effective, 4 slightly effective and 2 ineffective cases, thus the overall efficacy rate was 79.3%. As pathogens, 11 species including 24 strains were isolated and identified from 19 cases. They were Gram-positive cocci including 2 strains each of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae, 1 strain each of Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus sanguis, and Streptococcus viridans and a strain of Streptococcus spp., and Gram-negative rods including 9 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 4 strains of Haemophilus influenzae and 1 strain each of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae and Pseudomonas spp.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗