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Biomedical subjects

T Imai

Publications and source records attributed to T Imai.

At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Effects of thromboxane A2 and prostaglandin I2 on the release of chemical mediators from human peripheral leukocytes].

To investigate the effects of thromboxane (Tx) A2 and prostaglandin (PG) I2 on the release of chemical mediators, we studied the effects of TxA2 mimetic U-46619 and PGI2 on the release of histamine (HA), leukotriene (LT) C4/D4/E4 (peptide-LTs) and LTB4 from stimulated human peripheral leukocytes. We measured the levels of those mediators in the supernatant fluid from leukocyte suspensions stimulated by calcium ionophore A23187 (Ca-I, 10(-6) M) with U-46619 or PGI2. U-46619 did not affect the release of HA, peptide-LTs or LTB4 from leukocytes stimulated by Ca-I. The release of HA from leukocytes induced by Ca-I was inhibited significantly by PGI2 (p < 0.05). PGI2 also significantly inhibited the release of peptide-LTs (p < 0.05) and LTB4 (p < 0.01) from leukocytes. These results indicate that TxA2, an arachidonic acid cyclooxygenase metabolite does not affect the release of HA, peptide-LTs and LTB4 from leukocytes, but that PGI2 inhibits the release of these mediators induced by Ca-I.

15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5↗
PubMed1993

Prevalence and clinical significance of anomalous muscular band in the left atrium.

The significance of left ventricular false tendon and right atrial anomalous muscular band has been previously reported. As well as in the right atrium, anomalous muscular band is sometimes observed in the left atrium. To evaluate the prevalence and clinical significance of the left atrial anomalous band, a clinico-pathologic study was performed among 1,100 autopsies over 60 years. The following results were obtained: (1) Pathologically, the incidence of the left atrial anomalous band was 2% (22 cases among 1,100 autopsies). The anomalous band connected the left atrial side of fossa ovalis with the other areas of left atrial endocardium in most of the cases (19 cases). The cases with the bands had Chiari's network and patent foramen ovale at the same time more frequently than those without the bands (Chiari's network: 27% vs 8%, p < 0.01, patent foramen ovale: 23% vs 8%, p < 0.05). Microscopically, the anomalous band was composed of fibrous and muscular tissues. (2) Clinically, premature atrial complex was more frequently observed among the cases with left atrial anomalous bands than those without the bands (41% vs 11%, p < 0.01). In conclusion, left atrial anomalous band seemed to be one of congenital abnormalities which was associated with Chiari's network and patent foramen ovale in origin, and might be one of the causes of supraventricular arrhythmias.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

An evaluation of an anti-inflammatory-histamine H2 antagonist drug complex on gastric erosions in the rat.

The anti-inflammatory effect, gastrotoxicity and in vivo absorption property of the drug complex esterified flurbiprofen (FP) with histamine H2 antagonist, N-[3-(3-(1-piperidinylmethyl)phenoxy)propyl]-2- (2-hydroxyethylthio)acetamide (PPA), were compared with those of FP and FP methyl ester. The drug complex of FP with PPA (FP-PPA) was partly hydrolyzed in vitro in buffer (pH 1.2-7.4) in the presence or absence of pepsin and trypsin, slowly hydrolyzed in gastric mucosal homogenate and quickly hydrolyzed in 10% rat plasma (T1/2 = 35 sec). The hydrolysis rates of FP-PPA were the same as FP methyl ester in enzymatic and nonenzymatic medium. FP-PPA inhibited carrageenan-induced paw edema to the same extent as did FP alone. The plasma concentrations of FP after oral administration of FP derivatives were similar to FP alone. FP-PPA significantly reduced gastrotoxicity in comparison with an equivalent dose of FP, whereas the coadministration of FP and PPA did not affect the gastrotoxicity of FP. The gastrotoxicity of FP methyl ester was dependent on the drug concentration in gastric mucosa, whereas FP-PPA induced minor gastric erosion even at high mucosal drug complex concentration. These data suggested that FP-PPA, the drug complex of FP with histamine H2 antagonist, causes less gastric damage than ester prodrugs like methyl ester or free drug, FP.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[A comparative immunohistochemical study of ubiquitin-positive skein-like inclusions in anterior horn neurons in subgroups of adult-onset motor neuron diseases].

This study investigated the expression of ubiquitin in anterior horn cells of various subgroups of adult-onset motor neuron diseases (MNDs). Ubiquitin-positive skein-like inclusions (SLIs) were found in all 11 cases of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients, two patients with lower MND, 3 sporadic cases of ALS with dementia, 3 sporadic ALS cases with long-term use of respirators, and two cases of sporadic ALS with Lewy body-like hyaline inclusions. This result suggests that a similar pathomechanism is involved in the degeneration of the lower motor neurons in these subgroups. SLIs were not detected in two cases of adult-onset MND with basophilic inclusions. This may indicate that adult-onset MND with basophilic inclusions is a distinct nosological entity of classical ALS and some relationship to juvenile ALS with basophilic inclusions is suggested.

Age of Onset↗
PubMed1993

[Pathology and histochemistry of mitral valve prolapse].

UNLABELLED: To analyze the myxomatous changes and the components of acidic glycosaminoglycans (GAG) of the mitral valve in aged patients with the mitral valve prolapse (MVP) syndrome, a pathological and histochemical study was performed on hearts of 18 autopsied cases with MVP. The histochemical study included toluidine blue Ohno's method, and 3 enzymatic digestion tests with streptomyces hyaluronidase, chondroitinase AC-II and chondroitinase ABC. The following results were obtained: 1. The incidence of MVP with mitral regurgitation among 2,060 elderly autopsy patients over 60 years of age was 0.87%. 2. PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS: marked prolapse was detected in the anterior leaflet of 3 patients, moderate prolapse in the anterior leaflet of 6 and moderate prolapse in the posterior leaflet of 5. Most patients showed greater prolapse in the anterior than in the posterior leaflets. The MVP of 11 patients (61%) was associated with tricuspid valve prolapse. 3. Histological findings: All cases exhibited thickening at the rough zone; 17 patients showed enlargement of the spongiosa layer, and 15 showed a decrease or disappearance of the fibrosa layer. All cases showed various degrees of change in the atrialis layer. The main site of myxomatous change in the mitral valve of MVP was the spongiosa layer of the rough zone. 4. Histochemical findings: Results using 3 methods of enzymatic digestion tests were positive in 13 patients, which suggested that the major component of increased GAG at the myxomatous changes in the mitral valve of MVP was hyaluronic acid, as did the results with Ohno's toluidine blue method.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Relation of platelet activating factor induced airway hyperresponsiveness to thromboxane A2 and neutrophil in dogs].

We studied the relation of the airway hyperresponsiveness induced by platelet activating factor (PAF) inhalation to thromboxane (Tx)A2 and neutrophil in ten dogs. Airway responsiveness to inhaled methacholine was determined by Astograph (7 Hz oscillation method), PAF (1000 micrograms/ml) was delivered as an aerosol generated from a Devilbiss 646 nebulizer for ten minutes. After determination of airway responsiveness, we carried out bronchoalveolar lavage and measured the TxB2 levels and the number of neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Airway responsiveness developed significantly (p < 0.01), and the levels of TxB2 and the number of neutrophils in BALF were increased (p < 0.01) 3 hr after PAF inhalation. The change in airway responsiveness correlated significantly with the percent change of TxB2 levels (r = 0.746, p < 0.05). However no significant correlation was recognized between the increase in TxB2 levels and the increase in the number of neutrophils, nor between the change in airway responsiveness and the increase in the number of neutrophils. These results suggest that the increase in airway responsiveness induced by PAF inhalation is involved in the hyperproduction of TxA2 but that TxA2 is not released from neutrophils infiltrating into the airway; furthermore neutrophils may not induce airway hyperresponsiveness in dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Effects of a cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase isoenzyme type III inhibitor, SDZ MKS 492 on airway responsiveness in beagles].

To elucidate the effects of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) isoenzyme inhibition on airway responsiveness, we studied the effects of a selective PDE isoenzyme type III inhibitor, SDZ MKS 492, on airway responsiveness to inhaled methacholine (Mch) in 6 beagles. Base-line respiratory resistance and airway responsiveness to Mch were determined by modified Astograph (7 Hz oscillation method). SDZ MKS 492 (1.0 mg/kg, 0.3 mg/kg or 0.1 mg/kg) was orally administered 1 hr prior to the determination of airway responsiveness at intervals of one week. Base-line respiratory resistance was decreased in a dose-dependent manner by SDZ MKS 492. SDZ MKS 492 significantly decreased airway responsiveness to Mch (log D min) in a dose-dependent manner, and the airway responsiveness (log PD2.0 Mch) was significantly decreased by 1.0 mg/kg of SDZ MKS 492. These results indicate that selective inhibition of PDE isoenzyme type III results in a decrease in respiratory resistance and airway responsiveness.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1993

[Basic study of CA125 measurement using a newly developed "SD-8729" IRMA kit].

"SD-8729" is a one-step IRMA kit employing OC125 antibody as 125I-labeled tracer and M-11 antibody as an immunoadsorbent. Higher bound-radioactivity to beads was observed with shorter incubation time than that of a currently used CA125 IRMA kit which employed OC125 antibody both as 125I-labeled ligand and immunoadsorbent attached to beads. Almost identical CA125 values were obtained by using two kits. The antigenic nature recognized by the M-11 antibody seems substantially different from those of 130-22 or 145-9 antibodies recognizing CA130 antigen.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1993

[Basic and clinical studies of serum CA195 antigen assay with "BL-CA195" kit].

We performed basic and clinical studies of IRMA "BL-CA195" kit in which monoclonal antibody CC3C195 was used as 125I-labeled tracer and solid phase antibody. The reproducibility of the assay results and dilution curves were satisfactory. There was a close correlation between serum CA195 and CA19-9 values, and many patients with pancreatic and colorectal cancer had elevated serum CA195 concentrations. Unlabeled CC3C195 antibody dose-dependently and completely inhibited the binding of 125I-labeled anti-CA19-9 antibody to its corresponding antigen. These findings suggest that CA195 and CA19-9 share common antigenic determinants.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Our technique of parathyroid autotransplantation in operation for papillary thyroid carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: For papillary thyroid carcinoma, we have used our standard operative method consisting of total thyroidectomy, bilateral lymph node dissection, and parathyroid autotransplantation. Our special parathyroid transplantation method involves transplantation of the minced glands into the pectoralis major muscle. We investigated whether this method is useful for preserving parathyroid function. METHODS: In 17 patients who underwent our standard operation for papillary thyroid carcinoma, the intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) and serum calcium levels were determined for 4 weeks after the operation. RESULTS: In all cases the intact PTH levels fell below detectable limits immediately after operation and then recovered to the preoperative level about 2 weeks after the operation. The same recovery patterns were observed in two groups undergoing transplantation of two glands and three or four glands. CONCLUSIONS: These recovery patterns of intact PTH levels seem to indicate that the glands were grafted successfully and recovered their function. Our method is thought to be useful for preserving parathyroid function after surgery.

Calcium↗
PubMed1993

[A case of B-cell type acute lymphocytic leukemia presenting ophthalmoplegia].

A 72-year-old man suddenly developed right blepharoptosis and diplopia and subsequently experienced motor and sensory disturbances in his upper and lower limbs. Soon he developed violet eruptions on his trunk and extremities. Approximately 2 months after the onset of his neurological symptoms, laboratory tests confirmed a diagnosis of B-cell type acute lymphocytic leukemia. The patient died 5 days later. Autopsy findings comprised prominent intrafascicular infiltration of leukemic cells in multiple peripheral nerves, including cranial and dorsal roots. However, there was no parenchymal involvement except in the dorsal root ganglia. In acute leukemia, infiltration of malignant cells in the peripheral nervous system has been reported to be uncommon compared with that in malignant lymphoma. This case of acute lymphocytic leukemia was considered to be unique with regard to the onset of neurological symptoms and autopsy findings.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Two cases of traumatic lung cyst].

There are few reports of traumatic lung cyst in Japan. The 1st case was 20-year-old man with traumatic lung cyst from motor vehicle accident. A chest radiograph taken 70 days after initial injury showed almost complete resolution of the traumatic pneumatocele. The 2nd case was 7-year-old girl with traumatic lung cyst caused by motor accident. The traumatic pneumatocele was not yet reduced in size four months after initial injury.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1993

[Two siblings of type 3 GM1 gangliosidosis with different clinical features and different ages of onset].

We experienced two siblings of type 3 GM1 gangliosidosis. A 33-year-old woman developed dysarthria, dysbasia and bradykinesia at around the age of 30. Her 28-year-old brother showed locomotor retardation and skeletal deformity in infancy. He lost the ability to stand walk at childhood, and developed progressive dystonia. The major neurologic manifestations were parkinsonian symptoms in the elder sister, and progressive dystonia in her brother. Both had markedly reduced beta-galactosidase activity in peripheral blood lymphocyte and were diagnosed as having type 3 GM1 gangliosidosis. Gene analysis revealed that these patients were homozygotes of the adult type mutant gene. The two siblings are unique in that the clinical manifestations and the age of onset of symptoms differed markedly between them despite the same mutant gene in both cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Basic study of CA549, a new tumor marker for breast cancer, and evaluation of its clinical usefulness].

We performed basic and clinical studies of IRMA kits for serum CA549 antigen and examined the immunological correlation between CA549 and CA15-3 antigens. Satisfactory results were obtained in the basic studies of CA549 assays, such as the reproducibility and the dilution test. Many patients with breast cancer had elevated serum CA549 concentrations and significant correlation was observed between serum CA549 and CA15-3 values. Anti-CA549 antibody completely inhibited the binding of 125I-labeled anti-CA15-3 antibody to its antigens. These results suggest that CA549 and CA15-3 antigens have similar immunological characteristics.

Adult↗