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Biomedical subjects

T Ikeda

Publications and source records attributed to T Ikeda.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Quality of life following surgery for vertebral metastases from breast cancer.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The quality of life of patients with vertebral metastases from breast cancer treated with surgery was evaluated. METHODS: Seven such patients underwent surgery for vertebral metastases following chemoendocrine treatment. They presented with pain and some with neurological compromise. RESULTS: Following posterior stabilization with a segmental instrument, pain was alleviated in all seven women, two showed improvements in neurological compromise, and performance status was improved in five. In no patient was there neurological deterioration secondary to surgical intervention. They were out of bed on the 4th postoperative day and discharged on the 14th day on average. CONCLUSIONS: The quality of life was improved for these surgically treated patients. We recommend surgical stabilization for selected patients with a vertebral metastasis from breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

The effectiveness of chemotherapy with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil for recurrent small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the rectum: report of a case.

We report herein the case of a 46-year-old-man with small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) concomitant with large villous adenoma of the rectum, who underwent abdominoperineal resection with regional lymphnode dissection. The resected specimen was histologically found to contain a small lesion of NEC confined to the submucosa in the large adenoma. A computed tomography scan done 4 months postoperatively revealed recurrences in the liver, lymph nodes, and bone. Therefore, two cycles of sequential intravenous combined chemotherapy with standard doses of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) were administered, after which the size of each tumor decreased remarkably. Nevertheless, the patient died 8 months after the operation. As there was a fair response of this tumor to the combined chemotherapy of cisplatin and 5-FU, this regimen against NEC of the colon and rectum should be given consideration.

Adenoma, Villous↗
PubMed1999

Dietary restriction reduces the prevalence of osteonecrosis of the caput femoris in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

We investigated the effects of dietary restriction (DR), an experimental intervention known to suppress several strain-specific diseases, on the prevalence of osteonecrosis of the caput femoris in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). At 6 weeks of age, the food intake of DR rats was restricted to 65% of the mean intake of control rats fed ad libitum (AL). Acute osteonecrosis of the caput femoris without reparative tissue response (RTR) was observed at 10 and 15 weeks in both DR and AL groups; no such acute lesion was seen at 20 and 30 weeks. The prevalence of osteonecrosis, osteonecrosis with/without reparative tissue response was significantly reduced in DR rats at 15 and 20 weeks, but not at 10 weeks. DR reduced the body weight by 30% and the length of the femur by 10%. Ossification of the caput femoris, known to be delayed in AL rats compared with Wistar Kyoto rats, was also restored by DR. Our results showed that dietary restriction reduced the prevalence of osteonecrosis and modulated the mechanical factors involved in the lesion. They also indicate that utilization of dietary restriction is a useful research tool for investigating the underlying mechanisms of osteonecrosis of the caput femoris in SHR.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1999

Mucin-producing biliary papillomatosis associated with gastrobiliary fistula.

We report a case of mucin-producing biliary papillomatosis in a 78-year-old woman. Abdominal ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT) showed wall thickening and dilatation of the intrahepatic bile duct (IHBD), as well as a nodular lesion, 1.2 cm in diameter, in the left branch of the IHBD. Gastric endoscopy revealed excretion of bile-containing mucin on the anterior wall of the body of the stomach. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) showed gastrobiliary fistula and discharge of mucin into the stomach. Needle biopsy of the biliary tumor revealed papillary proliferation, but no malignant cells were recognized histologically. Therefore this patient was diagnosed as having mucin-producing biliary papillomatosis forming gastrobiliary fistula. She did not present with obstructive jaundice, probably because of the fistula. She is alive, without obstructive jaundice, 16 months after the diagnosis without having had surgery. This is, to our knowledge, the first reported case of biliary papillomatosis forming gastrobiliary fistula and with the patient free of obstructive jaundice.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis: report of a case.

We describe herein the case of a 68-year-old man with malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis. The pathological diagnosis was based upon the clinical findings, gross and microscopic morphology, and special stains. Malignant mesothelioma is a rare tumor associated with asbestos exposure that can be effectively treated with orchidectomy via an inguinal approach.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Heat shock protein 70 and heat shock cognate protein 70 messenger ribonucleic acid induction in the brains, hearts, and livers of neonatal rats after hypoxic stress.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the production of 2 types of heat shock protein 70 in the organs of neonatal rats during an episode of mild hypoxic stress that was insufficient to produce histologic changes. STUDY DESIGN: Seven-day-old rats were subjected to hypoxia (inspired gas of 8% oxygen and 92% nitrogen) at 33 C for 2 hours (n = 5), 3 hours (n = 5), and 4 hours (n = 5). Control rats (n = 5) inspired room air for 4 hours. The brains, hearts, and livers were removed after 4 hours of recovery. The levels of heat shock protein 70 and heat shock cognate protein 70 messenger ribonucleic acid were measured by Northern blot analysis. Arterial pH, Pao 2, PACO 2, and brain temperature were measured before, during, and at 4 hours of hypoxia in another 16 animals. Histologic examinations were carried out in these 16 animals 7 days after hypoxic stress. RESULTS: PaO 2, PACO 2, and brain temperature decreased during the hypoxic stress and returned to prehypoxic values at recovery time. Arterial pH did not change. No histologic changes were observed in any areas of the brain. Heat shock cognate protein 70 messenger ribonucleic acid was normally expressed in the brain, heart, and liver and was further induced after hypoxia in the brain and the heart. There was, however, no additional increase of heat shock cognate protein 70 messenger ribonucleic acid in the liver. there were no increments of the stress-induced form of heat shock protein 70 messenger ribonucleic acid in these organs. CONCLUSION: Mild hypoxia selectively induced messenger ribonucleic acid of heat shock cognate protein 70, which may play an important role in protecting the brain and the heart against stress.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Two sinusoidal heart rate patterns in fetal lambs undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

OBJECTIVES: The study analyzed the phase relationship between fetal heart rate and arterial blood pressure fluctuation during sinusoidal heart rate patterns in fetal lambs. STUDY DESIGN: Thirty-two fetal lambs were placed on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after cesarean delivery at ages ranging between 113 and 133 days' gestation. Sinusoidal heart rate patterns persisting for >10 minutes were analyzed. The relationships between the sinusoidal heart rate cycles and the arterial blood pressure cycles were quantitatively expressed in degrees by timing the zenith and the nadir of each and assigning a phase-angle index (with 0 [360] and 180 degrees being synchronized and reciprocal, respectively). Simultaneous blood samples were taken from the 4 different sites of the fetal circulation for blood gas and acid-base analysis when the sinusoidal heart rate pattern appeared. Regional cerebral blood flow was determined by means of the colored microsphere technique in 8 fetuses with sinusoidal patterns and 7 control fetuses. RESULTS: Sinusoidal heart rate patterns were observed in 13 (40.6%) of the 32 fetal lambs. Two types of fetal heart rate and arterial blood pressure relationship could be recognized during sinusoidal pattern, the reciprocal type (n = 7) and the synchronized type (n = 9). A reciprocal type of sinusoidal pattern preceded a synchronized type pattern in 3 lambs that showed sinusoidal patterns at different stages of the experiment. The reciprocal type was associated with a higher baseline heart rate and amplitude of the sinusoidal heart rate pattern than was the synchronized type. The synchronized type was associated with a lower pH and base excess than was the reciprocal type. The cerebral blood flow in the medulla oblongata was significantly lower during the synchronized type pattern than during the reciprocal type pattern. CONCLUSION: There are 2 types of sinusoidal heart rate pattern. A synchronized type sinusoidal heart rate pattern may indicate more advanced fetal compromise than is associated with a reciprocal type pattern.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Heat shock protein 72 expression and microtubule-associated protein 2 disappearance after hypoxia-ischemia in the developing rat brain.

OBJECTIVE: This study was intended to investigate the temporal changes in heat shock protein 72 expression and microtubule-associated protein 2 disappearance in rat brain at 2 different ages after hypoxic-ischemic insult. STUDY DESIGN: Both 5-day-old and 14-day-old Wistar rats were subjected to unilateral common carotid artery ligation and hypoxia in 8% oxygen for 2 hours at 33 degrees C. Brain sections were examined sequentially for heat shock protein 72 expression at 0.5, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours of recovery after hypoxia-ischemia and for microtubule-associated protein 2 disappearance at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours of recovery and at 7 days of recovery after hypoxia-ischemia. Results of immunohistochemical staining for heat shock protein 72 and microtubule-associated protein 2 were used as markers for detection of early hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Permanent neuronal damage was assessed with hematoxylin and eosin staining at 7 days after hypoxia. RESULTS: In 5-day-old rats microtubule-associated protein 2 expression was lost as early as 0 hours after hypoxia-ischemia in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, with a peak at 48 hours after which expression recovered. Expression of heat shock protein 72 was detected in the ligated hemisphere at 0.5 hours after hypoxia-ischemia and peaked at 6 to 24 hours of recovery. In 14-day-old rats microtubule-associated protein 2 was stained in the cortex at 0 hours after hypoxia-ischemia but gradually disappeared in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus after 24 hours of recovery. The expression of heat shock protein 72 was not detected by 6 hours of recovery in the cerebral cortex and by 3 to 12 hours of recovery in the hippocampus, but heat shock protein 72 was persistently expressed in the cortex and hippocampus after 48 hours of recovery. Neuronal damage was significantly less in 5-day-old rats than in 14-day-old rats. CONCLUSION: In 5-day-old rats hypoxia-ischemia causes earlier changes in heat shock protein 72 and microtubule-associated protein 2 immunostaining results and causes less severe brain damage than in 14-day-old rats.

Aging↗
PubMed1999

Multiple cranial arteriovenous malformations in a child with eventual blindness in the affected eye.

PURPOSE: To report a case of multiple cranial arteriovenous malformations involving the orbit and retina. METHOD: Case report. We treated a 7-year-old girl who was diagnosed with a left submaxillary, a left retinal, a left orbital, and a middle subdural arteriovenous malformation. RESULTS: Enlargement of the arteriovenous malformations, except for the retinal arteriovenous malformation, was observed. After external carotid artery embolizations and radiation therapy for uncontrolled oral cavity bleeding, loss of light perception in the affected eye occurred, but no marked changes occurred in the retinal arteriovenous malformation. CONCLUSION: This rare case suggests that the clinical finding of a stable retinal arteriovenous malformation may be associated with enlargement of arteriovenous malformation lesions at other sites.

Blindness↗
PubMed1999

Attached posterior hyaloid membrane and the pathogenesis of honeycombed cystoid macular edema in patients with diabetes.

PURPOSE: To investigate the pathogenesis of honeycombed cystoid macular edema in patients with diabetes. METHODS: The relationship between the posterior hyaloid membrane and honeycombed cystoid macular edema was examined in 24 eyes of 20 patients with diabetes who underwent vitrectomy for cystoid macular edema. RESULTS: In 19 eyes of 15 patients with diabetes, the posterior hyaloid membrane was attached to the macula, and in five eyes of five patients, the posterior hyaloid membrane was separated from the macula. In 14 (74%) of the 19 eyes with an attached posterior hyaloid membrane, honeycombed cystoid macular edema was detected. Conversely, honeycombed cystoid edema was not detected in any of the five eyes with posterior hyaloid detachment (P = .0059). CONCLUSIONS: These observations demonstrate a strong correlation between an attached posterior hyaloid membrane and the presence of honeycombed cystoid macular edema. We suggest that retinal traction by the posterior hyaloid membrane is involved in the pathogenesis of honeycombed cystoid changes in diabetic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Direct adenovirus-mediated gene delivery to the temporomandibular joint in guinea-pigs.

Adenovirus vector system is expected to be useful for direct gene therapy for joint disease. This study first sought to confirm that foreign genes can be transferred to articular chondrocytes in primary culture. Next, recombinant adenovirus vectors harbouring beta-galactosidase gene (LacZ) was injected directly into the temporomandibular joints of Hartley guinea-pigs to clarify the in vivo transfer availability of the adenovirus vectors. Specifically, recombinant adenovirus harbouring LacZ gene (AxlCALacZ) was injected into the upper joint cavities of both mandibular joints of four male 6-week-old Hartley guinea-pigs. Either the same amount of recombinant adenovirus without LacZ gene (Axlw) suspension (placebo) or the same amount of phosphate-buffered saline solution (control) were injected into the upper joint cavities of both joints of another four male guinea-pigs. At 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after injection, the joints were dissected and the expression of delivered LacZ was examined by 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside (X-gal) staining and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). To investigate the expression of transferred gene in other organs, total RNA was extracted from liver, kidney, heart and brain and the expression of LacZ mRNA and 18 S ribosomal RNA were analysed by RT-PCR. Clear expression of LacZ was observed in the articular surfaces of the temporal tubercle, articular disc and synovium of the temporomandibular joints even 4 weeks after injection in the AxlCALacZ-injected group, while no expression was detected in placebo and control groups. Histological examination confirmed that LacZ activity was clearly detected in a few cell layers of the articular surface tissues, which is much more efficient than in a previously study of the knee joint. In the other organs, expression of the delivered transgene was not observed. Based on these findings, direct gene delivery into the articular surface of the temporomandibular joint using the adenovirus vector is feasible as an effective in vivo method.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1999

Apoptosis in placentas from human T-lymphotropic virus type I-seropositive pregnant women: a possible defense mechanism against transmission from mother to fetus.

OBJECTIVE: The mechanism by which the placenta serves as the barrier against mother-to-fetus transmission of microorganisms remains to be elucidated. Programmed cell death, apoptosis, is considered a cellular defense mechanism against infection. The hypothesis of this study is that apoptosis of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-infected placental villous cells is involved in the defense mechanism against mother-to-fetus transmission of HTLV-I. METHODS: Apoptosis was compared in term placentas from eight HTLV-I-seropositive pregnant women and eight HTLV-I-seronegative pregnant women by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine nick end-labeling method. In addition, an in vitro cocultivation with an HTLV-I-infected lymphocyte cell line (MT-2 cells) was performed to examine whether placental villous cells were infected with HTLV-I and apoptosis was induced. RESULTS: The incidence of apoptosis-positive cells (nuclei) in placentas from the HTLV-I-seropositive pregnant women was higher than in the HTLV-I-seronegative pregnant women (P < .02). Cocultivation with MT-2 cells showed that trophoblast cells were able to be infected with HTLV-I and that apoptosis was induced in the placental villous cells. CONCLUSION: HTLV-I infection induces apoptosis in the placenta. We speculate that apoptosis may be involved in the defense mechanism of the placenta against mother-to-fetus transmission of HTLV-I.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Hydroxyapatite applied as direct pulp capping medicine substitutes for osteodentin.

Tissue changes in rat incisors after direct pulp capping with hydroxyapatite (OH-AP) have been investigated using light and electron microscopy. Immediately after direct pulp capping, necrotic cells and cell debris were scattered only in the superficial zone of an exposed site. At day 1, both neutrophils having many vacuoles and macrophages phagocytizing numerous OH-AP granules appeared in the lower part of the OH-AP layer. At day 3, the cells surrounding the basal part of the OH-AP layer had large nuclei and well-developed rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum. At day 5, the newly formed mineralized tissue consisting of needle-like crystals was observed directly adjacent to the deepest zone of the OH-AP layer. However, fibroblast-like cells phagocytosing applied OH-AP granules were seen even at this period. These findings suggest that the applied OH-AP could directly substitute for osteodentin.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous or tractional retinal detachment with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the anatomic features and surgical indications of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) complicated with rhegmatogenous or tractional retinal detachment. DESIGN: Retrospective noncomparative case series. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-eight eyes of 25 patients who had either clinically suspected or fully diagnosed FEVR. Of these, 25 had rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, 2 had tractional retinal detachment, and 1 had tractional retinal detachment plus vitreous hemorrhage. INTERVENTIONS: The authors carefully observed the vitreoretinal interface during surgery, studied the clinical and anatomic features of FEVR, and then evaluated the surgical results. RESULTS: The vitreoretinal adhesions were so strong in the peripheral avascular area that iatrogenic retinal breaks easily occurred in 22 of 28 eyes. In all cases, the bimanual technique with vitreous scissors and forceps was required to dissect the posterior vitreous membrane from the retinal surface. The retina was reattached in 24 of 28 cases (85.7%), and visual acuity improved in 20 eyes (71.4%). CONCLUSION: Dissection of the vitreous in the peripheral avascular area is very difficult in FEVR, and those patients for whom this procedure was not successfully performed may have a poorer prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Long-term effect of epalrestat on cardiac autonomic neuropathy in subjects with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.

To evaluate the effect of long-term administration of an aldose reductase inhibitor on diabetic cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy, 22 subjects with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM, 11 men and 11 women, mean age; 64.8 +/- 7.8 years, duration of diabetes; 18.3 +/- 5.6 years) were administered epalrestat, one type of aldose reductase inhibitor, for 36 months. The changes in the coefficient of variation of the R-R interval (CV(R R)) during rest and the QTc interval were compared with 43 age-matched NIDDM (controls). During the study, the CV(R R) value gradually decreased in the controls, while it slightly increased in subjects treated with epalrestat. After 36 months, the CV(R R) value (2.31 +/- 1.09%) in subjects treated with epalrestat was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that (1.84 +/- 0.75%) in the controls. There were no significant differences in QTc intervals in both groups. These results suggest that long-term administration of an aldose reductase inhibitor may be available for cardiac autonomic neuropathy in even relatively older diabetic subjects with long duration.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Suppressive effects of josamycin on the development of altered liver cell foci and chronic nephropathy in a carcinogenicity study.

The carcinogenicity of josamycin was examined in Fischer 344 (F344) rats. Groups of 50 males and 50 females were given the compound in their diet at concentrations of 0 (control), 1.25 or 2.5% for 104-weeks; these dose levels were selected on the basis of the results of a subchronic study, in which animals rather rejected 5% josamycin. All surviving rats were killed at wk 106. A variety of tumours developed in all groups, including the control group, but all the neoplastic lesions were histologically similar to those known to occur spontaneously in this strain of rats, and no statistically significant increase in the incidence of any tumour was found in the treated groups of either sex. Interestingly, the josamycin treatment significantly reduced the development of altered liver cell foci and chronic nephropathy in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, it was concluded that, under the present experimental conditions, josamycin is not carcinogenic in F344 rats.

Animals↗