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Biomedical subjects

T Iida

Publications and source records attributed to T Iida.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Potential bile acid metabolites. 14. Hyocholic and muricholic acid stereoisomers.

The complete set of the eight theoretically possible stereoisomeric 3,6,7-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholanic acids, four of which are new, related to hyocholic and muricholic acids were prepared from chenodeoxycholic acid. The principal reactions used were 1) cis-dihydroxylation of delta 6-compounds with osmium tetroxide/N-methylmorpholine N-oxide; 2) trans-dihydroxylation of 6 alpha, 7 alpha-epoxy compounds with boron trifluoride etherate in N,N-dimethyl-formamide; 3) inversion of equatorial 3 alpha-hydroxylated compounds to the corresponding 3 beta-epimers with diethyl azodicarboxylate/triphenylphosphine/formic acid; and 4) stereoselective reduction of 7-keto derivatives with zinc borohydride (or sodium borohydride) and by metallic potassium/tert-amyl alcohol.

Bile Acids and Salts↗
PubMed1989

Identification of 3 alpha,4 beta,7 alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholanoic acid in human bile: reflection of a new pathway in bile acid metabolism in humans.

The chemical synthesis, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectrometric characteristics of the first C-4 hydroxylated bile acid analogues are described. The data definitively confirm, for the first time, the identity of 3 alpha,4 beta,7 alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholanoic acid in human fetal gallbladder bile. In addition, 3 alpha,4 beta,7 alpha-12 alpha-tetrahydroxy-5 beta-cholanoic was identified in the feces from healthy newborn infants many days after birth, indicating a hepatic origin for C-4 hydroxylation of bile acids. To our knowledge bile acids hydroxylated at the C-4 position of the steroid nucleus have never been previously recognized in any mammalian species. The finding of this novel bile acid which accounts for 5-15% of the total biliary bile acids in early gestation indicates that C-4 hydroxylation is a unique and important metabolic pathway in early human development.

Bile↗
PubMed1989

[Histopathological study on the safety of conservative breast surgery in terms of the degree of axillary dissection for breast cancer].

The subjects were 15 patients with primary mammary cancer who underwent radical mastectomy. Axillary dissection (level I, II and III) with an incision 7 cm below the axilla was performed. After radical mastectomy, the presence/absence of remaining lymph nodes and fatty tissue was determined. All operations were performed by the same surgeon. The number of lymph nodes dissected by means of subaxillary incision ranged from 10 to 32 (mean 20.4). The proportion of remaining lymph nodes found after radical mastectomy was 0/142 (0%) for level I, 0/113 (0%) for level II and 3/54 (5.6%) for level III. In the subclavian Halsted area, fatty tissue partially remained in 60.0% of the patients and more than half in 13.3%. It was shown that complete dissection of level III lymph nodes is difficult when this surgical technique is employed. Although fatty tissue did remain in some cases after level II dissecting, this technique presented hardly any problems in the case of level I and II dissection. Therefore, from the viewpoint of axillary dissection alone, the present technique can achieve results similar to those obtained by radical mastectomy, suggesting its applicability to mammary cancer at a relatively early stage.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1988

Physiologic changes during supraventricular tachycardia and release of atrial natriuretic peptide.

Plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) increase markedly during supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Although natriuresis associated with SVT may be secondary to the augmented secretion of ANP, whether or not physiologic changes other than natriuresis can be attributed to the release of ANP has not been determined. In the present study, plasma ANP levels in 10 patients with SVT were found to be significantly (p less than 0.05) increased, from 37 +/- 11 pg/ml (mean +/- standard error of the mean) during the control period to 160 +/- 54 pg/ml at 60 minutes after the induction of SVT. Urinary sodium excretion, although insignificant, tended to increase during the 30-minute period after SVT termination. The filtration fraction determined by the ratio of creatinine to para-aminohippurate clearance significantly increased during SVT. An increase in capillary permeability seemed to have occurred as there was a rise of hematocrit, the changes of which showed a different time course from that of the urine volume. The ratio of plasma aldosterone concentration to plasma renin activity significantly decreased during SVT. As the same effects are observed after ANP infusion, these changes were attributed to ANP activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Antigen specificities of antibasement membrane zone antibodies: immunofluorescence and Western immunoblotting studies.

To clarify the antigen specificities of autoantibodies in sera and blister fluids from patients diagnosed as bullous pemphigoid (BP) by routine histology and immunofluorescence (IF) methods, indirect IF studies using the salt split-skin technique were performed. In addition, to detect the BP antigen(s) in human epidermal extracts, Western immunoblotting analyses were carried out. Of 41 sera, 39 (95%) showed a linear pattern of fluorescence along the epidermal side of the separation. Two (5%) sera showed a linear pattern of fluorescence along the dermal side. Blister fluids produced IF staining patterns identical with those of serum samples. These fluorescence patterns were not related to the BP antigen expression of the skin used as substrates. In Western immunoblotting analyses, selected sera showing an epidermal pattern on separated skin primarily reacted with 240 kD, 220 kD, 180 kD, and 150 kD proteins extracted from normal human epidermis. Two sera showing a dermal pattern on separated skin revealed no specific bands. The protein bands recognized by blister fluids were identical with those of serum samples. These results indicated that blister fluids are also available in immunological analysis, and that BP antibodies have more than one antigenic specificity. Moreover, it is suggested that differential diagnosis between BP and other bullous diseases may be more important than previously recognized, particularly in patients with epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA).

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1988

Determination of the epinephrine-refractory hypoglycaemic activity of whole-cell pertussis vaccine in mice.

A new assay method has been developed for the quantitative estimation of the inhibitory effect of pertussis vaccine on epinephrine-induced hyperglycaemia in mice. The statistical analysis of the assay was based on logarithm-transformed estimates of the blood glucose levels. The method was sufficiently sensitive to detect the activity of 0.004 millilitre of commercial combined diphtheria-tetanus-whole cell pertussis vaccine. The estimated common variance was as small as 0.0034 and the assay was highly reproducible. Among commercial vaccines there was a significant difference in activity. The activity of a stock pertussis vaccine was inactivated by 5 mM glutaraldehyde at 37 degrees C for 30 min, but resisted treatment with 40 mM formaldehyde at 37 degrees C for 5 days. The extent of inactivation with the chemicals was calculated by a parallel line assay as the activity relative to that of untreated control pertussis vaccine.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

An electrostatic integrating 222Rn monitor with cellulose nitrate film for environmental monitoring.

This paper describes a new type of electrostatic integrating 222Rn monitor designed for the environmental 222Rn monitoring. The window area of the monitor was selected to make the exchange rate optimal. The collecting electrode was positioned on the basis of calculating the internal electric field. A drying agent, P2O5, was placed in the bottom of the monitor, since the collection efficiency of 218Po+ atoms depends on the humidity of the air. The monitors have been calibrated against known 222Rn exposures. The detection limit is 1.2 Bq m-3 for an exposure time of 2 mo. In a small survey, annual mean 222Rn concentrations between 3.7 and 9.5 Bq m-3 in outdoor air and between 6.4 and 11.9 Bq m-3 in indoor air were measured.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1988

Alpha-form of atrial natriuretic peptide released from dog atrium during atrial distension.

To assess the released form of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) during atrial distension, we compared the form of ANP before and during atrial distension in anesthetized dogs, using radioimmunoassay combined with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). When increasing the left atrial pressure (LAP) from 2.2 +/- 0.9 mmHg to 9.4 +/- 1.3 mmHg, the plasma ANP concentration in the coronary sinus was increased by 190% over the control, during left atrial distension. The major form of the released ANP extracted in the blood sample obtained from the coronary sinus was alpha-form. However other unidentified immunoreactive peaks, preceding and following the main peak were also discernible. These results suggest that the major form of ANP released during left atrial distension was the alpha-form.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[A case of polycystic kidney with bilateral nephrectomy].

A 56-year-old woman in chronic hemodialysis had been suffering from uncontrollable fever for the past 7 months. Her original disease was diagnosed as familial polycystic kidney and three of her five brothers were found to have the same disease. Her chromosome was 46,XX,21P+ and laboratory examination revealed severe anemia, malnutrition, liver dysfunction, pyuria and candidiasis of urine. Abdominal echogram and CT scan revealed polycystic kidneys and multiple liver cysts. She was admitted to our hospital and was diagnosed as having pyelonephritis of the right kidney. As her condition was not improved by conservative therapy right nephrectomy was performed. One month later, spiking fever and left tenderness reappeared. Those symptoms could not be controlled by conservative therapy and left nephrectomy was performed again. Pathological examination on nephrectomized kidneys showed interstitial nephritis, hyaline degeneration and proliferative change of glomeruli, microabscess, colloid of tubules and calcification of parts of Henle's loops. Nephrectomy has been performed in 1.6 to 10.0% of polycystic kidneys due to references since 1952. Eight of the 22 polycystic kidneys (36.3%) seen at our hospital during the past 10 years have been removed.

Female↗
PubMed1988

A facile one-step synthesis of delta 1,4-3-keto bile acid esters by iodoxybenzene and benzeneselenic anhydride.

A facile one-step conversion of stereoisomeric methyl 3-hydroxycholanoates to 1,4-dien-3-one, by treatment in boiling toluene with iodoxybenzene catalyzed by benzeneselenic anhydride, is described. The direct oxidation-dehydrogenation at C-3 is applicable to other cholanoates (hyodeoxycholic, chenodeoxycholic, ursodeoxycholic, deoxycholic, and cholic) when the hydroxyl groups at C-6, C-7, or C-12 are protected. Without protection at C-6 and C-7, the products from hyodeoxycholic, chenodeoxycholic, ursodeoxycholic, and cholic esters are complex mixtures, whereas, methyl deoxycholate yields the 1,4-dien-3,12-dione cleanly.

Benzene Derivatives↗