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Biomedical subjects

T Iida

Publications and source records attributed to T Iida.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Laparoscopic surgery and DNA analysis in patients with XY pure gonadal dysgenesis.

The sex-determining region on the Y chromosome (SRY) encodes a gene that has many of the properties expected of the testis-determining factor. The XY pure gonadal dysgenesis is characterized by streak gonads in phenotypic females who lack the somatic abnormalities and short stature associated with Turner's syndrome. Abnormalities within the SRY have been described in these patients. However, we have experienced several patients with short stature whose SRY are apparently normal. The DNA sequencing of the SRY gene showed a 100% nucleotide sequence identity with the reported cloned sequence. Sex reversal in two of the present cases may be due to mutation at a locus other than SRY in the sex determining pathway, a gene potentially involved in the determination of human constitution. The risk of developing malignancy in the dysgenetic gonads has been reported to be 25%, dictating early prophylactic removal of the streaks. Laparoscopic surgery is recommended because of the amount of the surgery and the rapid postoperative recovery of the patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Protective effects of neutral amino acids against amphipathic drug-induced hemolysis.

Some neutral amino acids were compared for their anti-hemolytic effects with sugars which are well-known colloid-osmotic protectants. The kinetic studies in isotonic suspensions of erythrocytes indicated that the hemolysis induced by the amphipathic drug chlorpromazine (CPZ) or flufenamic acid (FA) was retarded by addition of sugars, and the degree of the anti-hemolytic effect increased with increases in molecular size. Phenylalanine (Phe), the largest among the amino acids tested, showed the greatest inhibitory effect on CPZ-induced hemolysis, but not on FA-induced hemolysis. This demonstrated that the anti-hemolytic effects of amino acids were not the result of colloid-osmotic protection. Hemolytic actions of amino acids were also examined to determine their interaction with the erythrocyte membrane, and the mechanism of their inhibitory effects against amphipathic drug-induced hemolysis was discussed.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1995

Changes in the E/A ratio induced by handgrip-exercise are related to changes in the plasma atrial natriuretic peptide level, but not to changes in brain natriuretic peptide in mild essential hypertension.

We investigated the relationship between changes in atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and changes in cardiac function during mild exercise in patients with mild hypertension. The handgrip test (HGT) was performed by 21 untreated, mildly hypertensive patients, mean age 45 +/- 5 years. M-mode and pulse Doppler echocardiograms were recorded before and during HGT. In 7 patients (Group A), diastolic function, which was determined by the peak early velocity and peak atrial velocity (E/A) ratio using Doppler echocardiography was attenuated during HGT (1.19 +/- 0.21 TO 1.04 +/- 0.16, p < 0.05). There was no change in diastolic function in the remaining 14 patients, left atrial diameter, cardiac index, ejection fraction, plasma renin activity, plasma norepinephrine, blood pressure, nor heart rate were different between the two groups. While ANP was increased in Group A during HGT (from 41.0 +/- 18.2 to 54.0 +/- 24.1 pg/ml, p < 0.05) it was unchanged in Group B (36.8 +/- 16.3 to 33.5 +/- 11.9 pg/ml). BNP did not change in either Group (Group A: 2.9 +/- 3.1 to 3.0 +/- 3.4 pg/ml, Group B: 2.6 +/- 1.6 to 3.6 +/- 4.8 pg/ml). The percent change in ANP during HGT did not correlate with the percent change in BNP. Thus, the impairment of cardiac functional reserve appeared to influence ANP excretion in patients with mild hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Molecular epidemiology of Vibrio cholerae O1 isolated in Nepal by southern hybridization with a cholera toxin gene probe.

A cholera epidemic broke out in 1992 due to Vibrio cholerae O1 biotype El Tor in the eastern and southern belt of Nepal mainly among the Bhutanese refugees. Restriction fragment profiles (RFP) of DNA fragments of V. cholerae O1 isolates hybridized with an enzyme-labelled oligonucleotide probe for cholera toxin gene (ctx) by Southern Hybridization were compared. The probe hybridized with the 13- and 8-kb fragments of PstI-digested total DNA in all isolates observed in the epidemic. This RFP in the Nepalese strain was not observed in the strains isolated during other epidemics but was observed in the strains isolated from the exported marine products from Taiwan and Thailand.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1995

[Effect of 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR) on the activity of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase (pyNPase) in normal and tumor tissues of human stomach].

PyNPase (pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase) activity and IL-1 alpha were measured in normal and tumor tissues of the specimens resected from gastric cancer patients who had been divided into two groups; one given preoperative 5'-DFUR (oral administration at a mean dose of 10.0 g) and one not given 5'-DFUR (control). PyNPase activities in both groups were higher in tumor than in normal tissues (p = 0.0001), but, less in tumor tissue of the preoperative administration group than the controls (p = 0.0376). IL-1 alpha levels in both groups were higher in tumor than in normal tissues (p < 0.01). Multiple regression analysis of the results showed that IL-1 alpha strongly influenced on PyNPase activity in tumor tissues (higher IL-1 alpha levels resulted in higher PyNPase activities in tumor tissues) (p = 0.0334).

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1995

[Binding of PCB by several types of dietary fiber in vivo and in vitro].

We investigated the binding of PCB by dietary fiber in vivo and in vitro. Forty male rats consisting of four rats a group were housed and rats of each group were given a treatment diet containing rice-bran fiber, spinach fiber, burdock fiber, cabbage fiber, soybean fiber Japanese-radish fiber, carrot fiber, corn fiber and cellulose for five days. The remaining four rats were fed a non-fiber diet as controls. The animals were administered with 0.5 ml of the race-bran oil used by Yusho patients and kept on the same diets for five days. Fecal excretion of PCB in the group fed rice-bran fiber and spinach fiber was significantly (p < 0.01) stimulated 6.6 and 4.1 times, respectively, as compared with controls. Dietary fiber was suspended in distilled water, and methanolic solution of PCB was added to these suspensions. The mixtures were then incubated. After centrifugation, the unbound PCB in supernatant was analyzed by gas chromatograph. Rice-bran fiber and spinach fiber bount more PCB than any of the other dietary fiber. A significant correlation existed between the amounts of binding PCB in vitro and fecal PCB output in rats by eight types of dietary fiber (r = 0.986, p < 0.01).

Adsorption↗
PubMed1995

[Effect of dietary fiber on fecal excretion and liver distribution of PCDF in rats].

Forty male rats (126 g body weight) consisting of four rats a group were housed and rats of each group were given a treatment diets containing cellulose, rice-bran fiber, spinach fiber, burdock fiber, cabbage fiber, soybean fiber, Japanese-radish fiber, carrot fiber and corn fiber for five days. The remaining four rats were fed a non-fiber diet as controls. The animals were orally administered with 0.5 ml of the rice-bran oil used by Yusho patients and kept on the same diets for five days. The rice-bran oil was contaminated with 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (2, 3, 7, 8-T4CDF, 458.7 ng/ml), 2, 3, 4, 7, 8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (2, 3, 4, 7, 8-P5CDF, 802.4 ng/ml) and 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8-hexachlorodibenzofuran (1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8-H6CDF, 752.3 ng/ml). PCDF in feces and liver were analyzed by high resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The fecal excretion of 2, 3, 7, 8-T4CDF in the group fed rice-bran fiber and spinach fiber was significantly (p < 0.01) stimulated 11.3 and 6.8 times, respectively, as compared with controls. Moreover, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8-P5CDF and 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8-H6CDF were excreted in stool at the rate of 4.1 and 3.4 times, respectively and 2.1 and 2.2 times, respectively, as compared with controls. These results suggest that administration of dietary fiber is useful for a new approach to therapy of Yusho patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Clinical trial of a combination of rice bran fiber and cholestyramine for promotion of fecal excretion of retained polychlorinated dibenzofuran and polychlorinated biphenyl in Yu-Cheng patients.

A clinical trial using the combination of rice bran fiber (RBF) and cholestyramine (CHO) was carried out on Yu-Cheng patients in 1993-1994. By the analysis of blood and stool samples collected from the patients before and after (or during in the case of stool), it was verified that the administration of RBF and CHO is effective for excretion of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) (p < 0.05) and polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDF), especially 2, 3, 4, 7, 8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (p < 0.05). However, the degree of effectiveness varied upon individual patients from 60 to 160% for 2, 3, 4, 7, 8-pentachlorodibenzofuran, from 30 to 110% for 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8-hexachlorodibenzofuran and from 50 to 190% for PCB, respectively.

Benzofurans↗
PubMed1995

[Levels of PCDDs, PCDFs and coplanar PCBs in the blood and stool of Taiwanese Yu-Cheng patients].

Levels of PCDDs, PCDFs and coplanar PCBs were measured in the blood and stool obtained from seventeen patients with Yu-Cheng in Taiwan. The average total concentrations of PCDDs, PCDFs and coplanar PCBs in the blood collected from Yu-Cheng patients in January 1993 and August 1994 were 590 and 570 pg Toxic Equivalents (TEQs)/g lipid, respectively. The concentrations of PCDDs, PCDFs and coplanar PCBs in the blood of patients were 21, 540 and 10 pg TEQs/g fat, respectively. On the other hand, the fecal excretion of PCDDs, PCDFs and coplanar PCBs were 26, 720 and 15 pg TEQs/day, respectively. The composition of congeners in the feces was quite similar to the one in the blood. The half lives were estimated as 9.1 and 8.6 years for 2, 3, 4, 7, 8-pentachlorodibenzofuran and 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8-hexachlorodibenzofuran based on fecal excretion, respectively.

Asian People↗
PubMed1995

[Study of choroidal vascular lesions in bullous retinal detachment by indocyanine green angiography].

Fluorescein and indocyanine green (ICG) angiography was performed in 18 eyes of 9 patients with bullous retinal detachment. The series comprised 12 eyes with retinal detachment, 3 treated eyes and 3 unaffected eyes. In the 12 eyes with retinal detachment, there were a total of 33 sites of fluorescein leakage, or 2.8 per eye. Leakage of ICG into the subretinal space, corresponding to the site of leakage of fluorescein, was present at 29 foci in 12 eyes. A dilated major choroidal vein was located posterior or adjacent to the site of leakage. Choroidal tissue staining was present around 30 foci of leakage in 12 eyes in late-phase ICG angiograms. This phenomenon persisted after serous retinal detachment had disappeared following photocoagulation. Multiple areas of choroidal staining were also present in unaffected areas in all the 12 eyes. Choroidal staining was also a regular feature around retinal pigment epithelial detachment. Recurrence of leakage developed in this area in one eye. The findings suggest that choroidal vascular hyperpermeability plays a causative role in damage to the retinal pigment epithelium in bullous retinal detachment.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Potential bile acid metabolites. 23. Syntheses of 3-glucosides of nonamidated and glycine- and taurine-amidated bile acids.

The 3-glucosides of nonamidated lithocholic, chenodeoxycholic, ursodeoxycholic, deoxycholic, and cholic acids, and their double conjugate forms with glycine and taurine were synthesized. The key reactions used were 1) beta-D- glucosidation at C-3 by the Koenigs-Knorr condensation reaction of 3 alpha-hydroxylated bile acid methyl (or p-nitrophenyl) esters with 1 alpha-bromo-1-deoxy-2, 3, 4, 6-tetra-O-acetyl-D-glucopyranose in the presence of cadmium carbonate in refluxing benzene; 2) indirect and direct amidations at C-24 by the activated p-nitrophenyl ester and by the diethylphosphorylcyanide methods, respectively, using glycinate ester and taurine as coupling agents; and 3) simultaneous alkaline hydrolysis of the hydroxyl-protecting and ester groups in both the sugar and aglycone moieties.

Amides↗
PubMed1995

The protective effect of probucol on adriamycin nephrosis in the rat.

Recent research has indicated the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in experimental nephritis. We examined the role of ROS and the effect of probucol, an anti-hyperlipidemic drug with antioxidant activity, on adriamycin (ADR)-induced nephrosis in the rat. Fourteen days after single intravenous injection of ADR (7.5 mg/kg b.w.), a nephrotic state was observed. Compared with the normal control values, the total kidney glutathione content was lower on day 5, but significantly higher on day 14 in the ADR-injected rats. Feeding ADR-injected rats with food containing 1% probucol was effective in reducing urinary protein excretion. Serum lipid peroxide level and kidney total glutathione content, both of which increased on day 14 in the ADR-injected rats, were also decreased significantly by concomitant probucol treatment. During long-term observation period of 18 weeks, probucol treatment relieved both urinary protein excretion and the progression of renal impairment. These protective effects of probucol suggest a role of ROS in the induction and progression of ADR nephrosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Aneurysmal bone cyst of the left 5th rib].

A case of aneurysmal bone cyst of the left 5th rib is reported. A 57-year-old male complained of palpable lump and pain on his back. Chest X ray and CT showed expansive tumor arid pathological fracture of the left 5th rib. The tumor and the adjacent segments of the 4th and 5th ribs were resected en bloc. The pathological examination showed multiple blood filled spaces and fibrous trabeculae, confirming the diagnosis of aneurysmal bone cyst. He has been followed up for 3 years and 6 months with no signs of recurrence.

Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal↗
PubMed1994

Comparison of chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis: current status of prenatal diagnosis in Japan.

Data were tabulated and compared for cases involving prenatal diagnostic procedures performed in the 8 years between January 1985 and December 1992. Of a total of 2781 pregnancies, 2546 cases (91.5 per cent) were diagnosed by amniocentesis, and 235 (8.5 per cent) by chorionic villus sampling (CVS). These findings reflect the fact that amniocentesis has taken deep root as the prenatal diagnostic procedure widely acknowledged by society, whereas even the existence of CVS has yet to be generally recognized. Analysis of our clinical and laboratory results and complication rates, however, suggests that CVS is a safe and accurate alternative to amniocentesis which should and can be positively presented to all patients who are candidates for prenatal diagnosis.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1994

Occurrence of multiple JC virus variants with distinctive regulatory sequences in the brain of a single patient with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.

We established 99 JC virus (JCV) DNA clones directly from the brain of a single patient with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Based upon restriction patterns, the cloned viral DNAs were classified into two major groups (NY-1A and -1B) containing 53 and 35 clones, respectively, and several minor groups containing one or a few clones. The regulatory sequences of representative clones were compared with the archetypal regulatory sequence, which has been detected in JCV DNAs cloned from the urine of healthy and nonimmunosuppressed individuals. The regulatory sequence of NY-1B had the two structural features common to most PML-type regulatory regions, duplication and deletion of specific segments in the archetypal sequence, while that of NY-1A contained a small deletion and an insertion of a 29-bp sequence originating from the early region of the JCV genome. A regulatory region similar to that of NY-1A has never been detected in JCV isolates obtained thus far.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗