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Biomedical subjects

T Ihara

Publications and source records attributed to T Ihara.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Flow cytometric analysis of effects of cytokines on the expression of varicella-zoster virus glycoproteins.

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)-infected human embryonic fibroblast (HEF) cells were stained with monoclonal antibodies directed against VZV glycoprotein I, II and IV, and then labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG. The cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. VZV-infected cells expressing VZV glycoproteins were clearly distinguished from uninfected cells. This method was useful for analyzing expression of VZV glycoproteins in different experimental conditions. Interferon alpha, beta, and gamma and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha reduced the percentage of positive cells and the mean fluorescence intensity of the cells expressing VZV glycoproteins. Interleukin(IL)-1 beta, IL-6 and TNF-beta had little effect on the expression of VZV glycoproteins.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1992

Activation of lymphocytes by varicella-zoster virus (VZV): expression of interleukin-2 receptors on lymphocytes cultured with VZV antigen.

The expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA-DR) and interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R; alpha and beta subunits) was significantly increased in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from varicella-zoster virus (VZV)-seropositive donors when PBMC were cultured with VZV antigen for 6 days. The increased expression of HLA-DR and IL-2R was observed in both CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes, which suggests that both types of lymphocytes from VZV-seropositive donors were activated when PBMC were cultured with VZV antigen. Adding anti-IL-2R alpha did not inhibit lymphocyte proliferation in response to VZV antigen, although marked inhibition was obtained by adding anti-IL-2R beta. No IL-2 was detected in the supernatant of PBMC cultured with VZV antigen; however, antibody to IL-2 inhibited lymphocyte proliferation on exposure to VZV antigen. These results indicate that IL-2 and expression of IL-2R beta are essential to lymphocyte activation by VZV antigen.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Mechanisms of subendocardial dysfunction in response to exercise in dogs with severe left ventricular hypertrophy.

The effects of exercise on regional myocardial blood flow and function were examined in the presence and absence of beta-adrenergic receptor blockade in 10 adult conscious dogs with severe left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy induced by aortic banding in puppies, which increased the LV weight/body weight ratio by 87%. Exercise at the most intense level studied increased LV systolic (+87 +/- 8 mm Hg) and end-diastolic (+28 +/- 5 mm Hg) pressures, systolic (+85 +/- 12 g/cm2) and diastolic (+49 +/- 11 g/cm2) wall stresses, and subepicardial wall thickening (+0.18 +/- 0.05 mm) but reduced subendocardial wall thickening (-0.45 +/- 0.12 mm) and full wall thickening (-0.42 +/- 0.13 mm). This was associated with a fall in the subendocardial/subepicardial (endo/epi) blood flow ratio to 0.87 +/- 0.06 from 1.24 +/- 0.08. Subendocardial dysfunction persisted during recovery, at a time when transmural blood flow distribution returned to baseline, suggesting myocardial stunning. At the least intense level of exercise studied, the endo/epi blood flow ratio did not fall (1.27 +/- 0.14), but increases in heart rate (+73 +/- 8 beats per minute) and LV systolic (+35 +/- 8 g/cm2) and diastolic (+27 +/- 3 g/cm2) wall stresses were observed, and subendocardial wall thickening fell significantly (-0.21 +/- 0.08 mm, p less than 0.05). With anticipation of exercise, subendocardial wall thickening was not changed. However, subendocardial dysfunction was even evident after 10 beats, i.e., the first 3 seconds of exercise, at a time when LV pressures and stresses had not increased. After beta-adrenergic receptor blockade with propranolol, the most intense level of exercise was associated with lesser increases in systolic and diastolic LV wall stresses, heart rate, and LV dP/dt, and the endo/epi blood flow ratio was no longer reduced below unity (1.17 +/- 0.09). In addition, there were no decreases in subendocardial or full wall thickening, and myocardial stunning was no longer observed. Thus, the subendocardial hypoperfusion and depression in subendocardial wall thickening observed during exercise in dogs with LV hypertrophy was prevented by pretreatment with beta-adrenergic receptor blockade. Furthermore, the subendocardial dysfunction occurred rapidly, before alterations in LV systolic or diastolic wall stress or an alteration in the endo/epi blood flow ratio.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1977

Diagnostic skin test reactions with varicella virus antigen and clinical application of the test.

Varicella virus antigen was prepared and used in skin testing of 75 children one to 17 years old. Results of skin tests were analyzed in relation to history of varicella, presence of absence of neutralizing antibody, and susceptibility to clinical varicella. All 22 children with no history of varicella and no neutralizing antibody were negative in the skin test when an erythematous change of greater than or equal to 5 mm in diameter was taken as a positive result. Of the 53 children with neutralizing antibody, only three were negative in the skin test. The skin test was applied clinically in an institution for mentally retarded children immediately after varicella infection occurred in a patient. A total of 65 patients were examined by the skin test, and 24 children with negative results were given live varicella virus vaccine. As a result, no spread of varicella was observed except for three cases, which developed two weeks after onset of illness in the index case. Thus the skin test seems clinically useful in the determination of susceptibility of individuals to clinical varicella.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Application of a live varicella vaccine in children with acute leukemia or other malignant diseases.

A live varicella vaccine was used in 11 susceptible children in remission from acute leukemia, ten of whom had been in remission for six months or less, and in 6 children with neuroblastoma and retinoblastoma. In the immunological checkup before vaccination, most of them showed a positive reaction in the skin tests with dinitrochlorobenzene, phytohemagglutinin, purified protein derivative, and viral antigens. Leukopenia (three cases, less than 3,000/cu mm) and decreased IgG level (two cases, 380 mg/dl and 445 mg/dl) were observed in the children with leukemia. Anticancer medication was suspended from one week before vaccination to one week after vaccination. The only clinical reaction was a minute rash that appeared three weeks after vaccination in two children with leukemia and that disappeared within three days. Serological responses by complement fixing and neutralizing (NT) tests were detected in all the vaccinated children four weeks after vaccination, and NT antibody was still detected 28 months after vaccination in the two patients tested. Three of the vaccines were exposed to natural varicella at home and in the classroom 2 to 18 months after vaccination, but they were free from any varicella symptoms.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Differentiation of oncogenic and nononcogenic strains of Marek's disease virus type 1 by using polymerase chain reaction DNA amplification.

Differentiation of oncogenic and nononcogenic strains of Marek's disease virus type 1 (MDV1) was attempted by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the primers chosen from the sequence within the long inverted repeats of MDV1 DNA. PCR of the DNAs extracted from oncogenic-strain-infected cells and Marek's disease tumor cell lines produced a major product containing two or three copies of 132-base-pair (bp) repeat units, whereas PCRs of the DNAs extracted from nononcogenic-strain-infected cells yielded amplified products with various sizes corresponding to the number of 132-bp repeat units. The primers chosen from the glycoprotein A genes of MDV1 and herpesvirus of turkeys also were used for determination of their serotype specificity. The PCR procedure was found to be a simple and sensitive procedure for identification of MDV1 and herpesvirus of turkeys and for estimation of oncogenicity of MDV1.

Base Sequence↗