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Biomedical subjects

T Iga

Publications and source records attributed to T Iga.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Simple method of hepatic venous blood sampling in the rat.

An improved method of hepatic venous blood sampling by catheterization in rats is proposed and applied to the measurement of hepatic blood flow (HBF) by the continuous ICG infusion method in normal rats and in rats treated chronically with CC1(4). The value of HBF determined by the present method was 0.90 +/- 0.17 (SD) ml/min per g liver under ether anesthesia, which was consistent with the reported values determined by other more complicated methods. The applicability of the present method was also shown in CC1(4) chronic intoxicated rats, to give 0.64 +/- 0.11 ml/min per g liver of HBF.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis of proton pump inhibitors omeprazole, lansoprazole and pantoprazole, in humans.

The relationship between plasma concentrations and inhibitory effects on gastric acid secretion by proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) omeprazole (OPZ), lansoprazole (LPZ) and pantoprazole (PPZ), was analyzed using a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model in humans. The estimated values of apparent reaction rate constant of PPI and H+,K+-ATPase (K) were 1.34 +/- 0.17 (microM(-1) x h(-1)), 0.339 +/- 0.002 and 0.134 +/- 0.006 for OPZ, LPZ and PPZ, respectively. The estimated values of apparent turn-over rate constant of H+,K+-ATPase (k) were 0.0252 +/- 0.0019 (h(-1)), 0.0537 +/- 0.0006 and 0.0151 +/- 0.0002 for OPZ, LPZ and PPZ, respectively. The apparent dissociation constants of the H+,K+-ATPase-PPI complex (k/K x fp) corrected with plasma free fraction (fp) were about 1 nM for OPZ and LPZ and 2.3 nM for PPZ. Therefore, the potency of the inhibitory effect of PPZ on acid secretion may be slightly weaker than that of OPZ or LPZ. The apparent half lives (ln2/k) of the inhibitory effect on acid secretion were 12.9 h for LPZ, < 27.5 h for OPZ, and < 45.9 h for PPZ, the recovery rate of the inhibitory effect of PPZ on acid secretion was slowest among these PPIs. In conclusion, the relationship between plasma concentrations and inhibitory effects of PPIs on gastric acid secretion could be analyzed by the PK/PD model.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative study of effects of angiotensin II receptor antagonist, KD3-671, and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, enalaprilat, on cough reflex in guinea pig.

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor prevents the inactivation of bradykinin by inhibiting ACE activity, leading to side effects such as dry cough and angioedema. KD3-671 is a novel nonpeptide angiotensin II antagonist which is expected to exhibit persistent hypotensive action without these side effects. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the pharmacokinetics and cough-inducing effect of this drug in guinea-pig, compared with that of an ACE inhibitor, enalaprilat. KD3-671 was not significantly different from the vehicle treatment in the ability to induce coughing, whereas enalaprilat significantly enhanced coughing compared with the vehicle treatment. Thus, as expected from its mechanism of pharmacological action, KD3-671 did not induce coughing. We suggest that the citric acid-induced guinea pig coughing model will be useful in preclinical studies to examine the effect of drug on pulmonary function.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Usefulness of a narrow-band reflectance spectrophotometer in evaluating effects of depigmenting treatment.

As a depigmenting treatment, combined topical applications of all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) aqueous gel and 5% hydroquinone, 7% lactic acid ointment were used for Oriental patients with hyperpigmented skin lesions such as senile lentigines and nevus spilus. A narrow-band reflectance spectrophotometer and a tristimulus colorimeter were used to evaluate objectively the intensity of pigmentation and erythema at each clinical visit. L*, a*, and b* values measured with a tristimulus colorimeter (Chroma Meter CR-300) enabled the evaluation of erythema but not pigmentation. On the other hand, the melanin and hemoglobin values measured with a narrow-band reflectance spectrophotometer (Mexameter MX-16) expressed both erythema and pigmentation well. It was revealed that, in our bleaching protocol, the narrow-band reflectance spectrophotometer was quite useful for estimating accurately the intensity of pigmentation and erythema and determining the best time point for the cessation of atRA treatment.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A new bleaching protocol for hyperpigmented skin lesions with a high concentration of all-trans retinoic acid aqueous gel.

A new bleaching protocol for skin hyperpigmentation with a higher concentration of all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) aqueous gel than those commercially available is introduced. AtRA aqueous gel (0.1%) was applied topically twice a day along with 4% hydroquinone, 7% lactic acid ointment to oriental patients with hyperpigmented lesions such as senile lentigines, melasma, and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. The clinical results of 39 patients treated with 0.1% atRA aqueous gel were compared to those of 22 patients treated with 0.1% atRA hydrophilic ointment. Better clinical results and subjective satisfaction were obtained through a significantly shorter period of treatment with 0.1% atRA aqueous gel than with 0. 1% atRA hydrophilic ointment, although side effects such as erythema and irritation were seen at a higher frequency. It is suggested that our bleaching protocol with a high concentration of atRA aqueous gel in combination with hydroquinone and lactic acid has a strong bleaching ability and a potential as a standard therapy for various kinds of skin lesions with hyperpigmentation.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluations of the prescription order entry system for outpatient clinics by physicians in the 80 university hospitals in Japan.

We investigated the evaluations of the prescription order entry system by the physicians who are the direct users of this system. Questionnaires were sent to 400 staff physicians of 80 medical school affiliated hospitals, out of which 76% responded. Among the respondents, 48 per cent are making use of the computerized outpatient prescription order entry system, and 52 per cent are not. The result shows 78% of the physicians are in favor of the prescription order entry system; the most dissatisfied opinion of the physicians toward the system was that the input took too much time thus reduced the communication with the patient. Physicians who are using the system seemed to favor the system more than the physicians who are not using it.

Attitude to Computers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrastructural observations of motile iridophores from the freshwater goby, Odontobutis obscura.

The ultrastructure of "motile" iridophores of Odontobutis obscura and the changes in cell shape related to the motility were studied with electron microscopy. Various structural details were revealed by this method, and their importance is discussed. Of particular interest were the abundant microfilaments observed in the cortical cytoplasm. Cross-sectional profiles of iridophores showed that, in an iridophore in the dendritic state, the platelets were scattered randomly throughout the centrosphere and its processes, so that the centrosphere appeared to be rather flat. In the punctate state, the platelets were gathered, in groups or in stacks with regular arrangements, in the centrosphere, which appeared to be ovoid in shape. The most notable finding was that, at this time, the processes from which the platelets were lost remained there without retracting. The results indicates clearly that the motility of the goby iridophores involves the migration of platelets within the fixed contour of each cell and that no amoeboidal changes in the shapes of the cells occur.

Animals↗