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Biomedical subjects

T Ichiyama

Publications and source records attributed to T Ichiyama.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Three-dimensional reconstruction of the power flow Doppler imaging of intracranial vascular structures in the neonate.

Three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography reconstructing from power flow Doppler imaging (PF) is able to image the 3D structures of the vascular systems. We tried to display the 3D images of intracranial vascular structures in 5 neonates with a portable data processor. Data acquisition was performed using PF through the anterior fontanel. We succeeded in reconstructing vivid 3D images of the anterior cerebral arteries (ACA), basilar artery (BA), internal carotid arteries (ICA), middle cerebral arteries (MCA), lenticulostriate arteries (LSA), internal cerebral vein (ICV), the vein of Galen (GV) and straight sinus (SS) in all subjects. The MCA could be displayed in only a proximal portion. The images of the LSAs were fainter than the other vessels. These problems are based on the character of PF; the flow signal, sampling from the small sized vessels and the perpendicular vessels to ultrasonic beam, is weak. The images of these vessels are fainter than other vessels. These limitations of PF performance directly influence the quality of the 3D images. The benefits and limitations of 3D ultrasonography system are discussed.

Cerebrovascular Circulation↗
PubMed1998

Cerebral hypoperfusion during acute Kawasaki disease.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Kawasaki disease is a febrile disease of children notable for systemic vasculitis. There have been many previous reports of various complications, including disorders of the central nervous system. We evaluated cerebral perfusion during the acute stage in patients with Kawasaki disease. METHODS: Single-photon emission-computed tomography (SPECT) with 99mTc-hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime was performed in 21 children with acute stage Kawasaki disease. Follow-up SPECT and MRI were performed about 1 month after the first SPECT in patients who exhibited abnormal SPECT findings during the acute stage. RESULTS: In 6 of 21 children SPECT imaging demonstrated localized cerebral hypoperfusion without abnormal neurological findings or clinical symptoms, and the follow-up SPECT and MRI approximately 1 month after the first SPECT revealed no abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS: Some patients with Kawasaki disease have transient localized cerebral hypoperfusion at the acute stage.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-6 in cerebrospinal fluid from children with prolonged febrile seizures. Comparison with acute encephalitis/encephalopathy.

We investigated the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 beta), and IL-6 as proinflammatory cytokines in CSF to facilitate differentiation between acute encephalitis/encephalopathy and prolonged febrile seizures. We studied 20 children with prolonged febrile seizures and 23 with acute encephalitis/encephalopathy, including 8 with an acellular CSF. TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-6 in CSF were measured by ELISA. We found that TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-6 were undetectable in CSF of all children with prolonged febrile seizures and control subjects but that the concentrations of TNF-alpha was elevated in 11, of IL-1 alpha in 6, and of IL-6 in 17 of 23 children with acute encephalitis/encephalopathy. Twenty-two of 23 children with acute encephalitis/encephalopathy had elevated concentrations of one or more cytokine. Elevated concentrations of the CSF proinflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-6, indicate acute encephalitis/encephalopathy rather than febrile seizures.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

[Investigation of swimming classes for school children with epilepsy--a questionnaire survey of school nursing teachers].

We obtained informations by means of questionnaires concerning swimming lessons for school children with epilepsy, which were sent to 391 school nursing teachers in Yamaguchi Prefecture. We obtained completed questionnaires from 278 of the 391 nursing teachers (71%). The percentage of 24.5% of the nursing teachers said that they made limitations to the attendance of swimming lessons. More than 20% answered that limitations were necessary for school children even if their attending physicians had permitted them to join the lessons. We suggest that the nursing teachers had more than a few misconceptions regarding epilepsy. For the comprehensive management of epilepsy, it is necessary for medical staffs to cooperate with nursing teachers.

Child↗
PubMed1998

[Correction of left handedness worsened mirror writing in a girl with spastic diplegia].

We experienced a 4-year-11-month old girl with right side dominant spastic diplegia caused by preterm birth and neonatal asphyxia. She tended to use the left hand but showed mirror writing on both hands, which was aggravated by correction of handedness to the right. Magnetic resonance T2-weighted imaging revealed a localized high intensity lesion in the white matter of her left parietal lobe, caused by hypoxic insult and suggested a damage of spatial orientation center. Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence showed a total IQ of 76, VIQ of 86 and PIQ of 74, revealing borderline intelligence with insufficient visual perception. Frostig visual perception test revealed lower scores of position in space. Spatial confusion caused by a lesion in the left parietal lobe might have induced the mirror writing of this case. Forced correction to use the right hand with damaged left parietal lobe may aggravate spatial confusion and consequently worsen mirror writing.

Cerebral Palsy↗
PubMed1997

A case of early myoclonic encephalopathy with the congenital nephrotic syndrome.

We describe a male infant with early myoclonic encephalopathy (EME) associated with the congenital nephrotic syndrome, microcephaly, multiple minor anomalies, and cerebellar hypoplasia. He had erratic and massive myoclonus, and partial seizures from the neonatal period. Electroencephalography showed the so-called suppression-burst pattern. He died of disseminated intravascular coagulation caused by the congenital nephrotic syndrome at the age of two months. Our patients is the first reported case with EME associated with the congenital nephrotic syndrome.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1997

Möbius-like syndrome associated with a 1;2 chromosome translocation.

We report here a rare case of Möbius-like syndrome associated with a 1;2 chromosome reciprocal translocation (46,XY,t(1;2)(p22.3;q21.1). The patient had facial diplegia, ptosis, anteverted nostrils, malformed and lowset ears, and slight developmental delay. Since a microdeletion could be present at the breakpoint in a reciprocal translocation, it is possible that the gene responsible for Möbius syndrome is located in this region of chromosome 1.

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1↗
PubMed1997

An autopsy case of acute chloroform intoxication after intermittent inhalation for years.

A 39-year-old female died shortly after inhalation of chloroform by a saturated towel placed over her face by her lover, who also inhaled and became unconscious. They had inhaled chloroform once or twice a month for about seven years. Fatal level of chloroform was detected in the blood and tissues by gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analysis. The fragmentation and waviness of cardiomyocytes that indicates hypercontraction, along with the edema and hemorrhage of the lung, shows the presence of acute heart failure possibly caused by arrhythmias or cardiac depression. The unusual numbers of lipofuscin pigments in the heart as well as in the liver may be generated by the chronic use of chloroform.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

[Proinflammatory cytokine levels in cerebrospinal fluid from children with acute encephalitis].

We investigated interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and soluble TNF receptor 1 (sTNF-R 1) during the acute stage in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from children with acute encephalitis by means of a sandwich enzyme immunoassay. We divided the 24 children with acute encephalitis into two groups: those who survived without neurological sequelae (Group 1, n = 15), and those who died or were left with sequelae (Group 2, n = 9). The IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha and sTNF-R 1 levels in CSF in the two groups were significantly higher than those in control subjects (n = 23). The CSF sTNF-R 1 levels in Group 2 were significantly higher than those in Group 1. Our findings suggest that the IL-1 beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha in CSF are related to the pathogenesis of acute encephalitis, and that the CSF level of sTNF-R1 during the acute stage of encephalitis is an important index for predicting the neurological outcome.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

Cerebrospinal fluid levels of soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor in acute encephalitis.

Soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor (sTNF-R) inhibits the action of TNF-alpha. The level of sTNF-R reflects the true biological activity of TNF-alpha. We investigated whether sTNF-R in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum increases during the acute stage in patients with acute encephalitis by measuring p60 sTNF-R using a sandwich enzyme immunoassay. The levels of sTNF-R were significantly higher in the CSF and serum of children with acute encephalitis than in those of control subjects. The patients with acute encephalitis who died or had severe neurological sequelae had higher CSF sTNF-R levels than those who survived. There were no significant differences in the serum sTNF-R, serum C-reactive protein and CSF protein levels, and CSF cell counts between the two groups. The sTNF-R levels of 4.0 ng/ml or higher identified patients with acute encephalitis who had neurological sequelae with a sensitivity of 100% (8/8), a specificity of 100% (8/8%), and a predictive value of 100% (8/8). The 95% confidence interval for these three values is 63-100%. Our findings suggest that the CSF level of sTNF-R during the acute stage of encephalitis is important for predicting neurological sequelae.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor in bacterial and aseptic meningitis.

Soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor (sTNF-R) is the natural homeostatic regulator of the action of TNF-alpha. The level of sTNF-R reflects the true biologic activity of TNF-alpha. We investigated whether sTNF-R increases in CSF during patients' acute stage of bacterial and aseptic meningitis by measuring p60 sTNF-R in CSF by a sandwich enzyme immunoassay. The concentrations of sTNF-R were significantly higher in the CSF of children with bacterial meningitis than in the CSF of those with aseptic meningitis or of control subjects. The patients with bacterial meningitis who died or had severe neurologic sequelae had higher sTNF-R levels than those who survived. Our findings suggest that the sTNF-R level in CSF during acute bacterial meningitis is important for predicting neurologic sequelae.

Child↗