Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Hosoya

Publications and source records attributed to T Hosoya.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Breast cancer associated with other organ cancer reviewed from cancer family history].

Double cancers and related family histories were studied in eight patients who had developed cancers in the breasts and other organs. The incidence of double cancer among patients with breast cancer was 1.7% (8/472), and the age at first onset averaged 48. The organs involved were mainly the digestive system, thyroid and female sexual organs. The incidence of cancer was higher in the pedigree of double breast cancer patients than in those with solitary cancer. In follow-up study, it is necessary to elucidate the difference in characteristics between double and solitary breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis and extraglandular extension of well-differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid].

Forty-five surgically removed thyroid glands with well-differentiated carcinoma were histologically analyzed to clarify the relationships among vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis and extraglandular extension. Using Victoria blue-HE stain, vascular invasion can be detected as the evident finding of circular elastic fibers surrounding the cancer cluster. In our series, 60% of the subjects were positive for vascular invasion. Patients with vascular invasion tend to show lymph node metastasis and/or extraglandular extension. This correlation was statistically significant. Therefore, in a patient with lymph node metastasis and/or extraglandular extension, there is a greater possibility of vascular invasion being present as well.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effects of androgen and polyamines on the phosphorylation of nucleolar proteins from rat ventral prostates with particular reference to 110-kDa phosphoprotein.

The effects of testosterone (in vivo) and polyamines (in vitro) on the phosphorylation of nucleolar proteins of rat ventral prostates were studied. Phosphorylation of nucleolar proteins was accomplished by incubation of isolated nucleoli with [gamma-32P]ATP at 37 degrees C for 10 min followed by electrophoretic separation and autoradiographic demonstration of phosphorylated proteins. Of several nucleolar phosphoproteins observed in ventral prostates of castrated rats, the incorporation of 32P into 110-kDa protein was remarkably augmented by the testosterone treatment. The stimulation became evident as early as 4 h after the injection of the hormones, reaching 3-4-fold of the control level and was efficiently prevented by cycloheximide injection 3 h before killing. 5 alpha-Dihydrotestosterone gave similar results to testosterone, but estradiol-17 beta failed to stimulate the phosphorylation of 110-kDa protein. Polyamines and cyclic nucleotides did not affect the phosphorylation, but, when phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride was omitted from the standard medium, spermine and spermidine showed a distinct effect: 110-kDa phosphoprotein was completely abolished with a concomitant increase of 59-kDa phosphoprotein in both cases of castrated and testosterone-primed rats. The effect of polyamines seems to be due to the stimulation of degradation of the protein which is presumably catalyzed by a serine protease.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Human bone matrix gelatin as a clinical alloimplant. A retrospective review of 160 cases.

Bone matrix gelatin, prepared by sequential chemical treatment including decalcification with 0.6 N hydrochloric acid [9], was used as an alloimplant for the treatment of benign bone tumours, tumorous conditions of bone, acetabular dysplasia, delayed union, traumatic bone defects and other disorders. The bone matrix gelatin implanted into bone defects was incorporated successfully in 98% of implantations, excluding cases of infection, tumour recurrence and recurrence of tumorous conditions. The material was also implanted into ten bone sites as an onlay but in five it was resorbed without new bone formation. The incorporation of the bone matrix gelatin into the recipient bed was completed from 6 to 33 months (average 14.9 months) after implantation. Wound infection complicated 5 of 165 implantations (3%) in previously uninfected sites. Low grade fever persisting after the tenth post-operative day (a probable sign of immunological reaction) occurred in 4 of 160 implantations (2.5%), excluding cases of infection. Alloimplants of bone matrix gelatin are thus effective in the treatment of bone defects. The risk of complication such as rejection or infection is low.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

An improved assay method for thyroid peroxidase applicable for a few milligrams of abnormal human thyroid tissues.

A peroxidase assay method (Mini assay method) which is applicable for a minute amount (as small as a few mg) of thyroid tissue was developed, employing guaiacol or iodide as the second substrate. This method is a modification of the previous one (Ordinary assay method): the volume of the reaction mixture was reduced to about one-tenth with prior solubilization of the enzyme. The correlation between the Mini assay and Ordinary assay methods, and between the guaiacol and iodide assays by both methods were satisfactorily good, but the iodine content of thyroglobulin was found to be not directly correlated to the peroxidase activities. Protein-based specific activities of peroxidase from normal human thyroid tissue were about 0.030 guaiacol units/mg protein and 0.0066 iodide units/mg protein, which were slightly higher than those of porcine thyroid tissue. The Mini assay method developed in the present study was used for the determination of peroxidase activity in a small amount (1-8 mg) of thyroid tissue obtained by means of a needle biopsy from patients with thyroid disorders. One specimen (goitrous cretinism) showed no peroxidase activity in both the guaiacol and iodide assays, and three specimens (two chronic thyroiditis, one familial nontoxic goiter) possessed no ability to catalyze the oxidation of iodide in spite of the high reactivity towards guaiacol, suggesting the presence of an abnormal peroxidase in these tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Biochemical studies on the purine metabolism of four cases with hereditary xanthinuria.

The purine metabolism of four cases with marked hypouricemia (serum uric acid concentration of less than 0.018 mmol/l) from three Japanese families was investigated. Erythrocyte adenosine deaminase (EC 3.5.4.4) and purine-nucleoside phosphorylase (EC 2.4.2.1) activities of the patients were within the normal ranges. Urinary hypoxanthine and xanthine concentrations were 0.096-0.397 mmol/l and 0.743-1.717 mmol/l, respectively. Xanthine oxidase (EC 1.2.3.2) activities in the jejunal mucosa of the two normal controls were 0.257 and 0.283 units/g protein, while those of three of the patients were extremely low and could not be determined. The findings of these biochemical features may indicate that the four patients have hereditary xanthinuria. In order to study the purine metabolism in the hypouricemic condition of this disorder, a single oral dose of allopurinol (4-hydroxypyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine) was administered in one case. The excretion pattern of allopurinol and oxypurinol (4,6-dihydroxypyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine) in the urine of the patient was similar to that of a normal control male. These data suggest that some residual enzyme activity may be functioning in vivo, although the presence of xanthine oxidase could not be detected.

Adenosine Deaminase↗
PubMed1983

Distinct heme-substrate interactions of lactoperoxidase probed by resonance Raman spectroscopy: difference between animal and plant peroxidases.

Resonance Raman scattering from cow milk lactoperoxidase (LPO) and its complexes with various electron donors and inhibitors was investigated. The Raman spectrum of LPO is strikingly close to that of hog intestinal peroxidase but distinctly dissimilar to that of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The v10 frequency suggested the six-coordinate high-spin structure of heme for native LPO in contrast with the five-coordinate high-spin structure for HRP. For the v10 band, benzohydroxamic acid caused a frequency shift with HRP but not with LPO. Guaiacol, o-toluidine, and histidine brought about a frequency shift of the v4 mode for LPO but not for HRP. The frequency shift was restored upon removal of the substrate or inhibitor by dialysis. The down shift of the v4 frequency is considered to represent an appreciable donation of electrons from the substrate or inhibitor to the porphyrin LUMO and thus their direct interaction with the heme group. From the relative intensity of the shifted and unshifted v4 lines, the dissociation constant was determined to be Kd = 52 mM for guaiacol and Kd = 87 mM for histidine at pH 7.4. The binding of histidine was relatively retarded in the presence of sulfate anion (Kd = 150 mM for 0.53 M sulfate present), and imidazole alone yielded no frequency shift, indicating the binding of the carboxyl group of histidine to the protein cationic site on one hand and a weak charge-transfer interaction between the imidazole group and the heme group on the other.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effect of sex hormones on RNA synthesis of androgen-dependent mouse mammary tumor (Shionogi carcinoma).

To observe the effect of sex hormones on RNA synthesis of androgen-dependent tumors, mice of DD/S strain bearing androgen-dependent mouse mammary tumor (SC 115) were treated with the hormones, and RNA polymerase activities in isolated nuclei of the tumor were measured. The activity of RNA polymerase I in SC 115 was diminished to approximately 60% of the control level by castration, and it was restored to the precastrated level 12 hr after treatment with 0.2 mg of testosterone. While the activity of RNA polymerase II in the tumor was scarcely influenced by castration, it reached 150% of the castrated level 24 hr after administration of testosterone. In CS 1, a subline of SC 115 with partial loss of androgen dependency on growth, castration and testosterone treatment caused similar but less prominent effects on the activities of RNA polymerase. Administration of estradiol-17 beta to castrated animals also increased the activity of RNA polymerase I, but to a lesser degree than testosterone, in both SC 115 and CS 1. However, only SC 115 demonstrated an increase in RNA polymerase II after estrogen treatment.

Androgens↗
PubMed1983

Changes in cytosolic androgen receptor after administration of testosterone of androgen-dependent mouse mammary tumor (Shionogi carcinoma) and its sublines of altered androgen dependency.

The effect of testosterone treatment on the cytosolic androgen receptor in an androgen-dependent tumor (Shionogi Carcinoma 115, SC 115) and its sublines of altered hormone-dependency (CS 1, less androgen-dependent, and CS 2, androgen-independent) was examined. In all tumors examined a single, high-affinity binding to 3H-R 1881 was detected in cytosols. The size of the maximum binding sites was in the order SC 115, CS 1 and CS 2. Inhibition experiments revealed that the binding to 3H-R 1881 in cytosols of these tumors was attributable to the androgen receptor. The amount of the androgen receptor in cytosols was decreased at 1 hr after testosterone injection, then replenished gradually towards the pretreatment level. Depletion of the androgen receptor was dependent on the dose of testosterone administered. Multiple injections of testosterone depressed the replenishment of the receptor. Treatment with actinomycin D or cycloheximide did not alter the dynamics of the androgen receptor. Therefore, it was concluded that the depletion and replenishment of the androgen receptor in cytosols of the tumors were caused by receptor recycling. Because a similar pattern of depletion and replenishment of the androgen receptor was also observed in the less androgen-dependent tumors, the growth of tumors was felt to be unrelated to the receptor dynamics.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

In vitro effect of androgen on RNA synthesis in nuclei from androgen-independent subline of Shionogi carcinoma (CS 2).

By serial transplantation of CS 1, a subline of Shionogi carcinoma SC 115, to female mice, another subline was obtained and designated CS2. The subline showed a complete loss of androgen dependency on the growth of the tumor. When male mice bearing the tumor were castrated and treated with testosterone, the activity of RNA polymerase I in isolated nuclei from the tumor hardly varied during the period of the experiments (36 h), while the activity of RNA polymerase II exhibited a transient increase (about 40%) at 6 h after the testosterone injection. The results, together with the previous ones showing 80% and 40% increases in RNA polymerase I activity at 24 h after testosterone administration in the case of SC 115 (androgen-dependent tumor) and CS 1 (less androgen-dependent tumor), respectively, indicate that the stimulation of RNA polymerase I activity by androgen in the tumor tissues is closely related to the androgen dependency on the growth of the tumors.

Androgens↗
PubMed1983

[Nodal psammoma body in thyroid cancer as an indicator of cancer metastasis to the lymph node].

A 64-year-old woman underwent subtotal thyroidectomy and cervical lymphadenectomy for thyroid carcinoma. In 5 of 15 resected nodes, histologic examination revealed metastasis. The other 10 nodes showed no metastasis, though psammoma bodies were seen in 3 nodes. To clarify the relationship between psammoma bodies and metastasis, 10 cancer-negative nodes were serially sectioned (4 microns in thickness). This disclosed cancer cells and psammoma bodies in 2 to 3 psammoma body-positive nodes. We suggest that the presence of psammoma bodies in the lymph node may indicate metastasis.

Carcinoma, Papillary↗